Save users' data!
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This document discusses tips for reducing APK size for mobile apps. It begins by analyzing the current state of an app's APK size of 62MB in mid-2016. Various graphics optimization techniques are explored, such as using vector drawables, image formats like WebP, and resource shrinking. These optimizations reduced the APK size by 73% to 17MB by today. The document provides recommendations like optimizing graphics, experimenting with different image formats, using vector drawables, and using the APK analyzer tool.
![APK PATCH SIZE ESTIMATORhttps://github.com/googlesamples/apk-patch-size-estimator
$ python apk_patch_size_estimator.py --old-file ~/Downloads/IKO3_android_rc_v3.106.114_b8907.apk
--new-file ~/Downloads/IKO3_android_rc_v3.106.122_b9513.apk
New APK size on disk: 29999643 bytes [28.6MB]
Estimated download size for new installs:
Full new APK (gzipped) size: 26227473 bytes [25MB]
Estimated download size for updates from the old APK, using Bsdiff:
Bsdiff patch (gzipped) size: 6858901 bytes [6.54MB]
Estimated download size for updates from the old APK,
using File-by-File:
File-by-File patch (gzipped) size: 3167479 bytes [3.02MB]](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/mce-170509123516/85/Save-users-data-21-320.jpg)
![MIGRATING
<vector android:height="50dp"
android:viewportHeight="48.0"
android:viewportWidth="48.0"
android:width="50dp"
xmlns:android=„[…]”>
<path
android:fillAlpha="1"
android:fillColor="@color/iko_blue"
android:pathData=„M40.09,[…]”
android:strokeColor="#00000000"/>
</vector>
iko_ic_topup.png iko_ic_topup.xml](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/mce-170509123516/85/Save-users-data-105-320.jpg)
![MIGRATING
<vector android:height="50dp"
android:viewportHeight="48.0"
android:viewportWidth="48.0"
android:width="50dp"
xmlns:android=„[…]”>
<path
android:fillAlpha="1"
android:fillColor="@color/iko_blue"
android:pathData=„M40.09,[…]”
android:strokeColor="#00000000"/>
</vector>
SVG
AS
Import](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/mce-170509123516/85/Save-users-data-106-320.jpg)
![MIGRATING
<vector android:height="50dp"
android:viewportHeight="48.0"
android:viewportWidth="48.0"
android:width="50dp"
xmlns:android=„[…]”>
<path
android:fillAlpha="1"
android:fillColor="@color/iko_blue"
android:pathData=„M40.09,[…]”
android:strokeColor="#00000000"/>
</vector>
SVG
inloop
svg2android](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/mce-170509123516/85/Save-users-data-107-320.jpg)
![„if your code makes a call to Resources.getIdentifier(), code is
looking up resource names based on dynamically-generated
strings.
[…] resource shrinker behaves defensively by default and marks all
resources with a matching name format as potentially used and
unavailable for removal.”
https://developer.android.com/studio/build/shrink-code.html
RESOURCE SHRINKING](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/mce-170509123516/85/Save-users-data-142-320.jpg)
Save users' data!
- 2. APP SIZE
- 4. SAVE USERS’ DATA ! Tips for reducing the APK size. Mateusz Grzechociński Jacek Karaśkiewicz
- 8. 2Years
- 9. 1mlnUsers in Dec 2016
- 10. 14minSDK
- 11. 200Layouts
- 12. 62MBAPK size in mid 2016
- 16. RAW VS DOWNLOAD • Focus on both
- 17. RAW VS DOWNLOAD • Focus on both • Install size
- 18. RAW VS DOWNLOAD • Focus on both • Install size • Update size
- 19. RAW VS DOWNLOAD • Focus on both • Install size • Update size
- 20. APK PATCH SIZE ESTIMATORhttps://github.com/googlesamples/apk-patch-size-estimator
- 21. APK PATCH SIZE ESTIMATORhttps://github.com/googlesamples/apk-patch-size-estimator $ python apk_patch_size_estimator.py --old-file ~/Downloads/IKO3_android_rc_v3.106.114_b8907.apk --new-file ~/Downloads/IKO3_android_rc_v3.106.122_b9513.apk New APK size on disk: 29999643 bytes [28.6MB] Estimated download size for new installs: Full new APK (gzipped) size: 26227473 bytes [25MB] Estimated download size for updates from the old APK, using Bsdiff: Bsdiff patch (gzipped) size: 6858901 bytes [6.54MB] Estimated download size for updates from the old APK, using File-by-File: File-by-File patch (gzipped) size: 3167479 bytes [3.02MB]
- 23. AAPT android { … aaptOptions { cruncherEnabled = true } }
- 25. AAPT • No colors? • No alpha?
- 26. AAPT • No colors? • No alpha? Standard PS Export 720x510 RGBA
- 29. AAPT
- 30. AAPT
- 32. AAPT • No colors? • No alpha? • 256 colors?
- 33. AAPT • No colors? • No alpha? • 256 colors? Standard PS Export 1440x1268 RGBA 2192 colors
- 36. AAPT
- 37. AAPT
- 38. AAPT
- 40. 53MBres/ in GIT vs AAPT EFFICIENCY MID 2016
- 41. 53MBres/ in GIT vs AAPT EFFICIENCY MID 2016 res/ in APK
- 42. 53MBres/ in GIT vs 50,3MB AAPT EFFICIENCY MID 2016 res/ in APK
- 43. 53MBres/ in GIT vs 50,3MB 5% reduction „for free” AAPT EFFICIENCY MID 2016 res/ in APK
- 44. WHAT IF 256? 1440x1268 RGBA PNG 2192 colors 1440x1268 RGBA PNG 251 colors vs
- 45. WHAT IF 256? 1440x1268 RGBA PNG 2192 colors 1440x1268 RGBA PNG 251 colors vs 123KB
- 46. WHAT IF 256? 1440x1268 RGBA PNG 2192 colors 1440x1268 RGBA PNG 251 colors vs 123KB 57KB
- 47. Do It Yourself
- 48. GRAPHICS
- 50. • *.png ANDROID IMAGE FORMATS
- 51. • *.png • *.jpg ANDROID IMAGE FORMATS
- 52. • *.png • *.jpg • *.webp ANDROID IMAGE FORMATS
- 53. • *.png • *.jpg • *.webp • *.bmp ANDROID IMAGE FORMATS
- 54. • *.png • *.jpg • *.webp • *.bmp ANDROID IMAGE FORMATS • *.gif
- 55. • *.png • *.jpg • *.webp ANDROID IMAGE FORMATS
- 58. PNGQUANT Lossy PNG compressor + ZOPFLI Very good, but slow, deflate or zlib compression.
- 60. ZOPFLI INPUT 1200x869 RGBA 64249 colors 566KB 1200x869 RGBA 64249 colors 459KB (-19%)
- 61. 1200x869 RGBA 64249 colors 459KB (-19%) PNGQUANT 1200x869 Palette 256 colors 126KB (-78%) INPUT 1200x869 RGBA 64249 colors 566KB ZOPFLI
- 62. ZOPFLI + PNGQUANT 1200x869 Palette 256 colors 117KB (-80%) 1200x869 RGBA 64249 colors 459KB (-19%) INPUT 1200x869 RGBA 64249 colors 566KB PNGQUANT 1200x869 Palette 256 colors 126KB (-78%) ZOPFLI
- 65. will be
- 67. CONVERT Convert between image formats as well as resize an image, blur, crop, despeckle, dither, draw on, flip, join, re-sample, and much more
- 69. GUETZLI Perceptual JPEG encoder + BUTTERAUGLI Estimates the psychovisual difference between two images
- 70. 1200x869 RGBA PNG 64249 colors 566KB
- 71. guetzli binary search w/ BA 2.0 1200x869 RGBA PNG 64249 colors 566KB
- 72. guetzli binary search w/ BA 2.0 1200x869 RGB JPEG quality 90 105KB 1200x869 RGBA PNG 64249 colors 566KB
- 73. vs 1200x869 Palette 256 colors 117KB 1200x869 RGB JPEG quality 90 105KB
- 74. WEBP
- 75. WEBP API 14+ • Lossy & non-transparent • better than JPEG
- 76. WEBP API 18+ • Lossless & transparent • better than PNG API 14+ • Lossy & non-transparent • better than JPEG
- 77. WEBP API 18+ • Lossless & transparent • better than PNG API 14+ • Lossy & non-transparent • better than JPEG
- 78. 1200x869 RGBA PNG 64249 colors 566KB
- 79. 1200x869 RGBA PNG 64249 colors 566KB WebP Lossy
- 80. 1200x869 RGB WebP quality 80% 61KB 1200x869 RGBA PNG 64249 colors 566KB WebP Lossy
- 81. vs 1200x869 RGB JPEG by Guetzli quality 90 105KB 1200x869 RGB WebP quality 80% 61KB
- 82. APK RAW SIZE #1 62MB vs MID 2016
- 83. APK RAW SIZE #1 62MB vs MID 2016 + Graphics optimizations
- 84. APK RAW SIZE #1 62MB vs 31MBMID 2016 + Graphics optimizations
- 85. 50% reduction APK RAW SIZE #1 62MB vs 31MBMID 2016 + Graphics optimizations
- 89. AUTOSCALING hdpi
- 90. AUTOSCALING hdpi
- 92. AUTOSCALING hdpi
- 93. AUTOSCALING hdpi
- 95. 31MB vs APK RAW SIZE #2 Graphics optimizations
- 96. 31MB vs APK RAW SIZE #2 + Removed all mdpi + Removed all but xxxhdpi for large gfx Graphics optimizations
- 97. 31MB vs 22MB APK RAW SIZE #2 + Removed all mdpi + Removed all but xxxhdpi for large gfx Graphics optimizations
- 98. 31MB vs 22MB 29% reduction APK RAW SIZE #2 + Removed all mdpi + Removed all but xxxhdpi for large gfx Graphics optimizations
- 99. ICONS
- 100. VECTORDRAWABLE
- 101. VECTORDRAWABLE • Native support 21+
- 102. VECTORDRAWABLE • Native support 21+ • „gradle" way
- 103. VECTORDRAWABLE • Native support 21+ • „gradle" way • „support” way
- 108. MIGRATING SVG
- 109. POTRACE Transforming bitmaps into vector graphics
- 110. BMP
- 111. $ potrace -s iko_ic_topup.bmp BMP SVG
- 112. vs
- 113. vs
- 116. ISSUES <layer-list /> drawable on Lollipop <layer-list xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"> <item> <shape android:shape="rectangle"> <solid android:color="@color/iko_white"/> <padding android:top="7dp" android:bottom="7dp" android:left="7dp" android:right="7dp"/> </shape> </item> <item android:drawable=„@drawable/ic_logo_visa"/> </layer-list>
- 117. ISSUES <layer-list /> drawable on Lollipop <layer-list xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"> <item> <shape android:shape="rectangle"> <solid android:color="@color/iko_white"/> <padding android:top="7dp" android:bottom="7dp" android:left="7dp" android:right="7dp"/> </shape> </item> <item android:drawable=„@drawable/ic_logo_visa"/> </layer-list>
- 118. REUSING GRAPHICS
- 126. 22MB vs APK RAW SIZE #3 Graphics optimizations Removed all mdpi Removed all but xxxhdpi for large gfx
- 127. 22MB vs APK RAW SIZE #3 + Switched toVD + Reusing icons Graphics optimizations Removed all mdpi Removed all but xxxhdpi for large gfx
- 128. 22MB vs 20MB APK RAW SIZE #3 + Switched toVD + Reusing icons Graphics optimizations Removed all mdpi Removed all but xxxhdpi for large gfx
- 129. 22MB vs 20MB 9% reduction APK RAW SIZE #3 + Switched toVD + Reusing icons Graphics optimizations Removed all mdpi Removed all but xxxhdpi for large gfx
- 130. ~900 PNG icons
- 131. ~310 PNG icons ~160VD files
- 132. WHAT’S UNUSED?
- 133. PROGUARD EVERYTHING?
- 134. LINT
- 135. RESOURCE SHRINKING
- 136. RESOURCE SHRINKING android { … buildTypes { release { minifyEnabled true shrinkResources true } } }
- 137. RESOURCE SHRINKING
- 138. RESOURCE SHRINKING
- 139. RESOURCE SHRINKING
- 140. RESOURCE SHRINKING
- 141. RESOURCE SHRINKING
- 142. „if your code makes a call to Resources.getIdentifier(), code is looking up resource names based on dynamically-generated strings. […] resource shrinker behaves defensively by default and marks all resources with a matching name format as potentially used and unavailable for removal.” https://developer.android.com/studio/build/shrink-code.html RESOURCE SHRINKING
- 143. 20MB vs APK RAW SIZE #4 Graphics optimizations Removed all mdpi Removed all but xxxhdpi for large gfx Switched toVD Reusing icons
- 144. 20MB vs APK RAW SIZE #4 + Shrinked resourcesGraphics optimizations Removed all mdpi Removed all but xxxhdpi for large gfx Switched toVD Reusing icons
- 145. 20MB vs 19MB APK RAW SIZE #4 + Shrinked resourcesGraphics optimizations Removed all mdpi Removed all but xxxhdpi for large gfx Switched toVD Reusing icons
- 146. 20MB vs 19MB 5% reduction APK RAW SIZE #4 + Shrinked resourcesGraphics optimizations Removed all mdpi Removed all but xxxhdpi for large gfx Switched toVD Reusing icons
- 147. RESOURCES.ARSC
- 148. RESOURCES.ARSC
- 149. RESOURCES.ARSC
- 150. RESOURCES.ARSC
- 151. RESOURCES.ARSC
- 152. RESOURCES.ARSC
- 153. RESOURCES.ARSC android { … defaultConfig { resConfigs „pl”, „en” } }
- 154. 19MB vs APK RAW SIZE #5 Graphics optimizations Removed all mdpi Removed all but xxxhdpi for large gfx Switched toVD Reusing icons Shrinked resources
- 155. 19MB vs APK RAW SIZE #5 + Fixed list of configurations Graphics optimizations Removed all mdpi Removed all but xxxhdpi for large gfx Switched toVD Reusing icons Shrinked resources
- 156. 19MB vs 17MB APK RAW SIZE #5 + Fixed list of configurations Graphics optimizations Removed all mdpi Removed all but xxxhdpi for large gfx Switched toVD Reusing icons Shrinked resources
- 157. 19MB vs 17MB 10% reduction APK RAW SIZE #5 + Fixed list of configurations Graphics optimizations Removed all mdpi Removed all but xxxhdpi for large gfx Switched toVD Reusing icons Shrinked resources
- 158. TODAY
- 159. vs mid 2016 vs today APK RAW SIZE
- 160. vs 73% reduction mid 2016 vs today APK RAW SIZE
- 161. APK SPLIT XXXHDPI XXHDPI XHDPI HDPI APK
- 162. APK SPLIT XXXHDPI XXHDPI XHDPI HDPI APK APK APKAPK
- 163. PROTIPS
- 164. PROTIPS • Optimize your graphics
- 165. PROTIPS • Optimize your graphics • Use any tool you choose
- 166. PROTIPS • Optimize your graphics • Use any tool you choose • Experiment with PNG/JPEG/WebP
- 167. PROTIPS • Optimize your graphics • Use any tool you choose • Experiment with PNG/JPEG/WebP • Switch doVD
- 168. PROTIPS • Optimize your graphics • Use any tool you choose • Experiment with PNG/JPEG/WebP • Switch doVD •Start playing with APK Analyzer
- 169. SEE ALSO
- 170. SEE ALSO • Colt McAnlis (Google) • #perfMatters videos onYouTube • „Image compression for Android dev” video from Google I/O 2016 • Articles on Medium
- 171. SEE ALSO • Colt McAnlis (Google) • #perfMatters videos onYouTube • „Image compression for Android dev” video from Google I/O 2016 • Articles on Medium • Wojtek Kaliciński (Google) • „Put your app on diet” video from Google I/O 2016 • #SmallerAPK articles on Medium