SCADA by K.LIPESH
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The document provides an overview of SCADA (Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition) systems. It defines SCADA as a system that collects data from sensors at remote locations and sends it to a central computer for monitoring and control. It discusses the components of SCADA systems including RTUs, PLCs, HMIs and communication networks. The document also outlines the evolution of SCADA, describes common architectures, reviews protocols used and provides examples of SCADA applications in industries like oil and gas, water treatment and electrical distribution.
![SCADASupervisory Control And Data Acquisition
Implementing alarms by variables
An alarm is often encoded as a simple 16-bit word sent by an object (thru PLC) in the
plant.
Each bit has a different meaning, the error condition is reset when the word is 0.
[120] low oil pressure
121] low water level
[122] trajectory error
[123] synchronisation error
[123] tool error
[131] robot %R1% not ready
…
word](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/scadabylipesh1-170326155958/85/SCADA-by-K-LIPESH-34-320.jpg)
SCADA by K.LIPESH
- 1. SCADASupervisory Control And Data Acquisition Under the guidance of , Mr .D.Raja Ramesh, M.Tech , (Ph.D), Assisstant Professor , M.V.G.R College of engineering. Presented by, K . Lipesh, 14331A0475.
- 2. SCADASupervisory Control And Data Acquisition CONTENTS • Introduction. • What is a Control System? • What is SCADA ? • Where and why SCADA is used? • Evolution of SCADA. • SCADA architecture. • Technical details of SCADA. • Pros and Cons of SCADA. • Applications of SCADA. • Future of SCADA. • Conclusion.
- 3. SCADASupervisory Control And Data Acquisition INTRODUCTION SCADA means SUPERVISORY CONTROL AND DATAACQUISITION. SCADA refers to a system that collects data from various sensors at a factory, plant or in other remote locations and then sends this data to a central computer which then manages and controls the data.
- 5. SCADASupervisory Control And Data Acquisition What is a Control System ? A control system, is a system that holds responsible in top of another system (being controlled system) for setting and stabling the system in a predefined state. Nowadays control systems are mostly microprocessor based. (Microcontrollers, PLCs, PC-Based Control systems). Process being controlledSensor Actuator Controller System
- 6. SCADASupervisory Control And Data Acquisition Example of a monitoring and control system is a system which monitors temperature and switches heaters on and off.
- 7. SCADASupervisory Control And Data Acquisition What is SCADA? SCADA is “Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition”. Real-time industrial process control systems used to centrally monitor and control remote or local industrial equipment such as motors, valves, pumps, relays, sensors, etc. SCADA is Combination of telemetry and Data Acquisition. SCADA is not just a hardware, neither a software. It’s a concept, it’s a system as a combination of special hardware, software and protocols. SCADA is used to control chemical plant processes, oil and gas pipelines, electrical generation and transmission equipment, manufacturing facilities, water purification and distribution infrastructure, etc.
- 8. SCADASupervisory Control And Data Acquisition Why SCADA is needed ? • The Ability to Remotely collect different plants on different places. • The Ability to control process from a distance. • The Ability to create logs and reports about system’s current and past state. • The Ability to send necessary information to Engineers and operators in real-time using Instant Messaging and SMS.
- 9. SCADASupervisory Control And Data Acquisition Where SCADA is used ? - Electrical generation/distribution, - Natural gas distribution - Fuel Oil storage & flow - Water storage & flow - Lighting - Heating, cooling, ventilation - Fire alarms & suppression - Elevators & escalators - Gates & doors, alarms - Video security cameras - Traffic signals - Process Line Control
- 10. SCADASupervisory Control And Data Acquisition Purpose of SCADA • Monitoring. • Controlling. • Alarming. • Data Presentation. • Data Acquisition.
- 11. SCADASupervisory Control And Data Acquisition EVOLUTION OF SCADA SCADA is not a new stuff ! The idea of SCADA was of the scientist Jerry Russell . It has been used since the early days of control systems to remotely Control and Monitor current and past state of being controlled system (our plant, factory, etc.)
- 12. SCADASupervisory Control And Data Acquisition Early Power System Control (in 1919) Control room (mimic wall) 1970’s formerly, all instruments were directly wired to the control room
- 13. SCADASupervisory Control And Data Acquisition Late 1990’s Control Centers (SCADA system)
- 14. SCADASupervisory Control And Data Acquisition Present SCADA system
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- 16. SCADASupervisory Control And Data Acquisition ARCHITECTURE 1.MONOLITHIC 2.DISTRIBUTED 3.NETWORKED 4.INTERNET OF THINGS (IOT)
- 17. SCADASupervisory Control And Data Acquisition MONOLITHIC SCADA SYSTEMS
- 18. SCADASupervisory Control And Data Acquisition DISTRIBUTED SCADA SYSTEMS
- 19. SCADASupervisory Control And Data Acquisition NETWORKED SCADA SYSTEMS
- 20. SCADASupervisory Control And Data Acquisition COMPONENTS USED IN SCADA • Supervisory systems. • Data acquisition systems. • P.L.C. • R.T.U. • M.T.U. • Telemetry. • H.M.I. • Historian. • Communication network.
- 21. SCADASupervisory Control And Data Acquisition R.T.U P.L.C
- 22. SCADASupervisory Control And Data Acquisition RTU(remote terminal unit) PLC Data Acquisition Server User interface (HMI) Communications Equipment and software
- 23. SCADASupervisory Control And Data Acquisition SCADA PROCESSWORKING PROCESS IN SCADA
- 24. SCADASupervisory Control And Data Acquisition Central Monitoring Unit Communications Network Sensor Sensor Programmable Logic Controller Sensor Fiber, Radio, Modem, Microwave, Telephone, Wireless, Powerline Carrier Remote Terminal Unit (RTU) RTU RTU
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- 28. SCADASupervisory Control And Data Acquisition NETWORK
- 29. SCADASupervisory Control And Data Acquisition Communication Network Instrumentation Remote Station Central Monitoring Station LAN, WAN, INTERNET Communication Network Instrumentation Remote Station Central Monitoring Station Central Monitoring Station Communication Network Instrumentation Remote Station Corporate Architecture
- 30. SCADASupervisory Control And Data Acquisition Protocols used in SCADA Systems: • DNP (Distributed Network Protocol) • Modbus Mostly Open Protocol are used in SCADA systems. The most popular protocols are as follows:
- 31. SCADASupervisory Control And Data Acquisition SCADA Functionality: - Data acquisition and display store binary & analog data into process data base - Alarm & Events record important changes and operator actions - History data base keep a record of the process values - Measured processing calculate derived values (limit supervision, trending) - Logging & reporting - Human Machine Interface (HMI): graphical object state presentation, lists, reports - Operator Command handling binary commands, set points recipes, batches, scripts (command procedures)
- 32. SCADASupervisory Control And Data Acquisition Current state Alarms and events Trends and history Remote Monitoring including:
- 33. SCADASupervisory Control And Data Acquisition • NOTICE • WARNING • CRITICAL TYPES OF ALARMS
- 34. SCADASupervisory Control And Data Acquisition Implementing alarms by variables An alarm is often encoded as a simple 16-bit word sent by an object (thru PLC) in the plant. Each bit has a different meaning, the error condition is reset when the word is 0. [120] low oil pressure 121] low water level [122] trajectory error [123] synchronisation error [123] tool error [131] robot %R1% not ready … word
- 35. SCADASupervisory Control And Data Acquisition •Focus –Safety –100% Availability –Electro-mechanical –No updating, Aged equipment •The Language –RTUs, PLCs, IEDs – DNP, Modbus – Low Bandwidth – Analog & Digital •The Vendors –Allen Bradley(AB)/Rockwell, Honeywell, Siemens, Johnson Controls •Focus –Security –99.5% Availability –Electronic –Continuous Updating, New •The Language –Routers, Switches, Servers – IP, Ethernet – High Bandwidth – All Digital •The Vendors –IBM, Microsoft, CISCO, Dell Physical Plant Computer Networking What are the concerns ?
- 36. SCADASupervisory Control And Data Acquisition New Trends in SCADA - Web-Based SCADA systems - Connecting SCADA system to Internet - Gives more functionality to our system - Security issues should be covered - Using Instant Messaging to report systems status (implemented) - Giving more functionality - Using a reliable instant messaging service - Using Short Message Service to report critical situations (implemented) - A kind of instant messaging, using Mobile Telecommunication network - Using SMS Server, connecting a cell to PC, setting up a web server and using WAP
- 37. SCADASupervisory Control And Data Acquisition Instant Messaging for SCADA (APPLICATION) Facilitate the remote monitor and control by utilizing the secure IM Instant Messaging (IM) is a type of communications service over the Internet that enables individuals to exchange text messages and track availability of a list of users in real-time. By taking advantage of the near real time feature of IM and richness of the IM presence, we bring forward a secure IM based remote monitor and control system. LDAP-based device and system management Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP) specifically targeted at management applications and browser applications that provide read/write interactive access to directories.
- 38. SCADASupervisory Control And Data Acquisition IM Architecture for SCADA
- 39. SCADASupervisory Control And Data Acquisition A simple IM based remote monitor/control interface
- 40. SCADASupervisory Control And Data Acquisition SCADA on mobile phone The system allows you to use your mobile phone to monitor and control your process from any location. More versatile than a pager system. You can get detailed alarm messages about any event that occurs in your business. The refresh time is about 2 s Java application in mobile phone transfers data to/from WWW server.
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- 43. SCADASupervisory Control And Data Acquisition ADVANTAGES • AUTOMATION SYSTEMS. • ROBUST. • POWERFUL . • FLEXIBLE SYSTEM. • REPORTS ON EVERY FUNCTION. • SCALABLE. • UPGRADABLE.
- 44. SCADASupervisory Control And Data Acquisition SECURITY ISSUES • PHYSICAL SECURITY. • NETWORK SECURITY. • DATA SECURITY.
- 45. SCADASupervisory Control And Data Acquisition PROS & CONS
- 46. SCADASupervisory Control And Data Acquisition Used For 1-Trasmits individual device status. 2- Manages energy consumption by controlling the devices. 3- Allowing directly control power system equipment. 4- Control chemical plant processes, oil and gas pipelines, electrical generation and transmission equipment, manufacturing facilities...etc. EX: Motors, valves, pumps, relayes, etc. Benefits: 1- Identify and solve problems before they even start. 2- Keep your eye on long-term trends and threats 3- Identify and attack bottlenecks and inefficiencies throughout the enterprise 4- Effectively manage bigger and more complicated processes with a smaller staff. USES AND BENEFITS
- 47. SCADASupervisory Control And Data Acquisition APPLICATIONS • PIPELINE WATER DISTRIBUTION. • OIL AND GAS WORKSTATIONS. • NETWORKING AT PUMP STATIONS. • MINE SITES AND NUCLEAR POWER STATIONS. • AIR TRAFFIC CONTROL ROOM (A.T.C.). • HYDROGRAPHIC APPLICATIONS. • NATURAL GAS STATIONS. • ELECTRICAL POWER TRANSMISSION NETWORK AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT.
- 48. SCADASupervisory Control And Data Acquisition FUTURE TREND • PUBLIC TRANSPORTS. • BANKS. • MENIAL JOBS. • PRODUCTION INDUSTRIES.
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- 50. SCADASupervisory Control And Data Acquisition CONCLUSION With new trends and technologies of Computer and Electrical Engineering, there are lots of functionalities available, that we can add to our SCADA systems. SCADA covers different fields of Computer Engineering like Computer networking, Control, Programming, Embedded Systems, Operating systems, Real-Time systems. SCADA is a very fast growing technology which is widely used in plants and factories and makes good job opportunities for you in the industry, in Computer Engineering and Electonics and Communication Engineering fields.
- 51. SCADASupervisory Control And Data Acquisition References: • www.google.com • www.wikipedia.com • Modern SCADA protocols, Elsevier, newness publication • www.scada.com • www.scribd.com • www.ieeeexplore.org • www.allaboutscada.com • Engineering The Architecture Of Distributed Control Systems, Eric Runnerstrom • Joint Program Office for Special Technology Countermeasures, National Defense Industry Communications.
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