School failure and dropout
This document discusses school failure and dropout. It defines a school dropout as a pupil who has left school before completing basic education or attending for at least 6 months. Theories of why students dropout include weak incentives to stay in school and strong incentives to leave. The document provides dropout rates for several countries including India, the US, China, and Canada. Areas influencing school failure are individual factors, family factors, school-related factors, and psychological factors. Suggested prevention strategies include mentoring/tutoring programs, alternative schooling, after school opportunities, early childhood education, family engagement, and early literacy development. Management of dropout involves both psychopharmacological drugs for conditions like ADHD and government policies to support education.
School failure and dropout
- 1. School failure and dropout Asit kumar maurya P. g. diploma in counseling guidance & psychological intervention
- 2. Objective : • Definition • Theories of dropout • Rates of school failure and dropout • Areas of influence in School Failure • Possible Prevention of School dropout • Management of school dropout
- 3. definition • A pupil who has not completed basic education and no longer attends school . • Pupils who have not attend school for six months and thus are unable to meet the demands set for basic education. • Dropout may refer either to leaving school before passing any recognize exams, or to leaving unqualified to pursue employment opportunities of personal fulfilment. (Dowrick, 2003)
- 4. Theories of dropout : Week incentives to stay Strong incentives to leave
- 5. Rates of school failure and dropout • In India o 2009-10 dropout rate was 9.1, in 2010-11 it was 6.9 and now present time it is approximately 5.5. o in Bihar (7.06), o Jharkhand (5.3), o Nagaland (6.23) and o Uttar Pradesh (5.65) • In USA 8.1% • In China 40% • In Canada 7.8% • In US 7.4 %
- 6. Areas of influence in School Failure: • Individuals factor o individual learning problems o low motivation to learn and study o difficulties in study strategies o relationship and social competence and / or emotional difficulties o drugs abuse o personal events of life that are possible psycho-social risk factors (e.g., early pregnancy, serious family problems, etc.)
- 7. Areas of influence in School Failure: • Family factors oPoor family environment oSocio economic status oAbsence of the family (death, removal or carelessness) oFamily conflicts oHigh family mobility oLow educated family oParents contribution in children study
- 8. Areas of influence in School Failure: • SCHOOL factor: Quality of school-learning experiences o use of ineffective methods of teaching (in relation to learning or motivation) o Using teaching methods that do not meet the needs of individual students o hostile relationship with the teachers-trainers and tutors o lack support in the process of adaptation and integration o poor guidance support
- 9. Areas of influence in School Failure: • Psychological factor : oADHD oConduct disorder oLearning Disability oMental Retardation
- 10. Possible Prevention of School dropout: • The Basic Core Strategies oMentoring/Tutoring oAlternative Schooling oAfter School Opportunities • Early Interventions oEarly Childhood Education oFamily Engagement oEarly Literacy Development
- 11. Continued… • Making the Most of Instruction oProfessional Development oActive Learning oEducational Technology oIndividualized Instruction • Making the Most of the Wider Community oSystemic Renewal oSchool-Community Collaboration oCareer and Technical Education oSafe Schools
- 12. Management of school dropout: • Management of school dropout may be possible with psychopharmacological drugs… o Amphetamines (methylphhenidate/ritalin) used for ADHD. o Fluoxetine (prozac) use for teenage dipression. o Risperidone (risperdol) use for Conduct Disorder. • Several Government policy o Just like in india (mid day meals programs, free education policy etc.)