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Searching Strategies
1
What do we search?
Topic
Key words
Similar words
2
Types of Search Tools
 Search engines
 Directories
 Meta-search engines
 Other resources
3
Search Engines
 A Web page that finds other Web pages
 To use:
 Enter a keyword or search expression and
click a button
 Review search results
 If desired, refine the search
4
Cont’d…
5
 Designed to assist you in searching through the
enormous amount of information on the Web
 No single search tool has everything
 Each engine is a large database which utilizes
different search techniques and tools (spiders or
robots) to build indexes to the Internet (some
also utilize submissions and administration)
Cont’d…
6
 Searches for matching terms (keywords
or several keywords)
 Results “ranked” by relevancy (for
some)
 Can search by
 subject or category
 keyword
Directories
 A list of hyperlinks organized into
categories
 To use:
 Click on the category link to display links
within the category
 Continue to click more specific links until you
locate the subject of your search
7
Web Directory
8
Search Engines vs.
Directories
Search Engines
 Computer built index of
information on web
 More inclusive
 Used to find specific
resources
 Searchable by keyword
 Excessive “hits”
 Every page of a Website is
indexed
 Better for general searches,
but can be used to find
specific information
Directories
 Human aided, organized list
 May be general or subject-
specific
 May be able to “search”
directory
 User has control of browsing
 Fixed vocabulary
 Links go to Website home
pages only
 Better at general searches
9
Meta-Search Engines
 Search tools that submit a search to more
than one engine at a time.
 To use:
 Enter a keyword or search expression
 Specify which search engines to use
 Review search results from each engine
10
Meta Search Engine: Dogpile
11
Searching Vs. Browsing
Searching
 Tool to search the
information
 Looking for
information
 Finding a particular
thing
Browser
 Tool to browse the
internet
 Scanning the world
wide web
 Looking for the
website or web
pages
12
Techniques for Search
engines
 single words
 quotation marks
 Case independent
 Algebric and Boolean
13
Alternative Approaches
 Reword the search
 Switch to a different search engine
 Go straight to a known, reliable web site
14
Boolean Operators
 A system of logical operators that allow
you to specify relationships between
search words
 To use:
 Use AND to find all search terms
 Use OR to find either search term
 Use NOT to eliminate some portion of search
results for the keyword
15
Cont’d…
 AND
 OR
 NOT
 ( ) Parentheses
and quotes
 + Plus sign
 * Asterisk
16
Examples . . .
 AND
(Narrows search and the search engine
looks for information that contains all of
your keywords even if they are not next to
each other)
 Industrial AND pollution
 Biology AND molecular
17
Examples . . .
 OR
 College OR university
 (will return results with either word)
 OR logic collates the results to retrieve all the
unique records containing one term, the other
term or both.
18
Examples . . .
 NOT
 Media NOT television
 Returns results with websites having the word
Media and NOT television.
 Only one of the terms will be present.
 Not logic excludes records from search results.
19
Parentheses and Quotes
“Putting parentheses or quotes around a set
of keywords will force the engine to match
the entire word or phrase as it stands.
When you use a + after a phrase, followed
immediately by a keyword, the search
gets even more specific.”
20
Ex.: “carpal tunnel syndrome”
+treatment
Searching Tips
1. Set the search tool to display the smallest
number of results (10).
2. Use at least three search engines to do a
preliminary search.
3. Search using lower case letters.
4. Use near. Example Albert near Einstein.
Source: Mautner, Christopher. Educator’s Internet Companion, p. 141.
21
Tips Cont’d…
 always check the Help facility
 be prepared to do many searches using
different keywords
 use keywords from your previous search
results
 the more operators and limits you use,
the more relevant your results will be
22
Evaluating your results
are they….. what about…
relevant? coverage?
accurate? authority?
current? content?
good quality? sources?
23
Examples of Search
Engines
 UK - includes Yahoo! UK and Ireland
 worldwide - includes Yahoo!, Alta Vista,
Ask Jeeves, Google, Go.com
 metasearch engines (searches the
search engines) - includes Mamma,
Metacrawler, Copernic
 directory-based - Yellow Pages, Scoot
24
Examples Cont’d…
 Google - www.google.com
 Yahoo!UK and Ireland -
www.yahoo.co.uk
 Yahoo! - www.yahoo.com
 Mamma- www.mamma.com
25
Selected Subject-Specific
Engines26
Companies
 Companies Online
(http://www.companiesonline.com/)
 Hoover's Online (http://www.hoovers.com/)
 Wall Street Research Net (http://www.wsrn.com/)
People (E-mail and Phone)
 Bigfoot (http://bigfoot.com/)
 WhoWhere? (http://www.whowhere.lycos.com)
 Yahoo! People Search (http://people.yahoo.com/)
 Switchboard.Com (http://www.switchboard.com)
Selected Subject-Specific
Engines27
Images
 The Amazing Picture Machine
(http://www.ncrtec.org/picture.htm)
 Lycos Image Gallery
(http://www.lycos.com/picturethis/)
 WebSeek
(http://disney.ctr.columbia.edu/webseek/)
 Yahoo! Image Surfer (http://ipix.yahoo.com/)
 Image bazaar
(http://www.imagesbazaar.com/)
Selected Subject-Specific
Engines28
Jobs
 Hotjobs.com (http://www.hotjobs.com/)
 Monster.com (http://www.monster.com/)
 The Riley Guide (http://www.rileyguide.com/)
Games
 CNET Gamecenter.com
(http://www.gamecenter.com/)
 Games Domain
(http://www.gamesdomain.com/)
 Gamesmania (http://www.gamesmania.com/)
Selected Subject-Specific
Engines29
Software
 Jumbo (http://www.jumbo.com)
 Shareware.com (http://www.shareware.com)
 ZDNet Downloads
(http://www.zdnet.com/downloads/)
Health/Medicine
 Achoo (http://www.achoo.com/)
 BioMedNet (http://www.bmn.com/)
 Combined Health Information Database
(http://chid.nih.gov/)
 Mayo Clinic Health Oasis (http://www.mayohealth.org/)
Selected Subject-Specific
Engines30
Education/Children's Sites
 AOL NetFind Kids Only
(http://www.aol.com/netfind/kids/)
 Blue Web'n
(http://www.kn.pacbell.com/wired/bluewebn/)
 Education World (http://www.education-
world.com/)
 Kid Info (http://www.kidinfo.com/)
 Kids Domain (http://www.kidsdomain.com)
 KidsClick!
(http://sunsite.berkeley.edu/KidsClick!/)
Benefits of Using Search
Engines
 Larger, billions of records in their
databases
 No human selectivity of data
 Are designed for searching, not browsing
 A “search engine” is actually a service that
“facilitates” searching
31

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Searching strategies 23 aug

  • 2. What do we search? Topic Key words Similar words 2
  • 3. Types of Search Tools  Search engines  Directories  Meta-search engines  Other resources 3
  • 4. Search Engines  A Web page that finds other Web pages  To use:  Enter a keyword or search expression and click a button  Review search results  If desired, refine the search 4
  • 5. Cont’d… 5  Designed to assist you in searching through the enormous amount of information on the Web  No single search tool has everything  Each engine is a large database which utilizes different search techniques and tools (spiders or robots) to build indexes to the Internet (some also utilize submissions and administration)
  • 6. Cont’d… 6  Searches for matching terms (keywords or several keywords)  Results “ranked” by relevancy (for some)  Can search by  subject or category  keyword
  • 7. Directories  A list of hyperlinks organized into categories  To use:  Click on the category link to display links within the category  Continue to click more specific links until you locate the subject of your search 7
  • 9. Search Engines vs. Directories Search Engines  Computer built index of information on web  More inclusive  Used to find specific resources  Searchable by keyword  Excessive “hits”  Every page of a Website is indexed  Better for general searches, but can be used to find specific information Directories  Human aided, organized list  May be general or subject- specific  May be able to “search” directory  User has control of browsing  Fixed vocabulary  Links go to Website home pages only  Better at general searches 9
  • 10. Meta-Search Engines  Search tools that submit a search to more than one engine at a time.  To use:  Enter a keyword or search expression  Specify which search engines to use  Review search results from each engine 10
  • 11. Meta Search Engine: Dogpile 11
  • 12. Searching Vs. Browsing Searching  Tool to search the information  Looking for information  Finding a particular thing Browser  Tool to browse the internet  Scanning the world wide web  Looking for the website or web pages 12
  • 13. Techniques for Search engines  single words  quotation marks  Case independent  Algebric and Boolean 13
  • 14. Alternative Approaches  Reword the search  Switch to a different search engine  Go straight to a known, reliable web site 14
  • 15. Boolean Operators  A system of logical operators that allow you to specify relationships between search words  To use:  Use AND to find all search terms  Use OR to find either search term  Use NOT to eliminate some portion of search results for the keyword 15
  • 16. Cont’d…  AND  OR  NOT  ( ) Parentheses and quotes  + Plus sign  * Asterisk 16
  • 17. Examples . . .  AND (Narrows search and the search engine looks for information that contains all of your keywords even if they are not next to each other)  Industrial AND pollution  Biology AND molecular 17
  • 18. Examples . . .  OR  College OR university  (will return results with either word)  OR logic collates the results to retrieve all the unique records containing one term, the other term or both. 18
  • 19. Examples . . .  NOT  Media NOT television  Returns results with websites having the word Media and NOT television.  Only one of the terms will be present.  Not logic excludes records from search results. 19
  • 20. Parentheses and Quotes “Putting parentheses or quotes around a set of keywords will force the engine to match the entire word or phrase as it stands. When you use a + after a phrase, followed immediately by a keyword, the search gets even more specific.” 20 Ex.: “carpal tunnel syndrome” +treatment
  • 21. Searching Tips 1. Set the search tool to display the smallest number of results (10). 2. Use at least three search engines to do a preliminary search. 3. Search using lower case letters. 4. Use near. Example Albert near Einstein. Source: Mautner, Christopher. Educator’s Internet Companion, p. 141. 21
  • 22. Tips Cont’d…  always check the Help facility  be prepared to do many searches using different keywords  use keywords from your previous search results  the more operators and limits you use, the more relevant your results will be 22
  • 23. Evaluating your results are they….. what about… relevant? coverage? accurate? authority? current? content? good quality? sources? 23
  • 24. Examples of Search Engines  UK - includes Yahoo! UK and Ireland  worldwide - includes Yahoo!, Alta Vista, Ask Jeeves, Google, Go.com  metasearch engines (searches the search engines) - includes Mamma, Metacrawler, Copernic  directory-based - Yellow Pages, Scoot 24
  • 25. Examples Cont’d…  Google - www.google.com  Yahoo!UK and Ireland - www.yahoo.co.uk  Yahoo! - www.yahoo.com  Mamma- www.mamma.com 25
  • 26. Selected Subject-Specific Engines26 Companies  Companies Online (http://www.companiesonline.com/)  Hoover's Online (http://www.hoovers.com/)  Wall Street Research Net (http://www.wsrn.com/) People (E-mail and Phone)  Bigfoot (http://bigfoot.com/)  WhoWhere? (http://www.whowhere.lycos.com)  Yahoo! People Search (http://people.yahoo.com/)  Switchboard.Com (http://www.switchboard.com)
  • 27. Selected Subject-Specific Engines27 Images  The Amazing Picture Machine (http://www.ncrtec.org/picture.htm)  Lycos Image Gallery (http://www.lycos.com/picturethis/)  WebSeek (http://disney.ctr.columbia.edu/webseek/)  Yahoo! Image Surfer (http://ipix.yahoo.com/)  Image bazaar (http://www.imagesbazaar.com/)
  • 28. Selected Subject-Specific Engines28 Jobs  Hotjobs.com (http://www.hotjobs.com/)  Monster.com (http://www.monster.com/)  The Riley Guide (http://www.rileyguide.com/) Games  CNET Gamecenter.com (http://www.gamecenter.com/)  Games Domain (http://www.gamesdomain.com/)  Gamesmania (http://www.gamesmania.com/)
  • 29. Selected Subject-Specific Engines29 Software  Jumbo (http://www.jumbo.com)  Shareware.com (http://www.shareware.com)  ZDNet Downloads (http://www.zdnet.com/downloads/) Health/Medicine  Achoo (http://www.achoo.com/)  BioMedNet (http://www.bmn.com/)  Combined Health Information Database (http://chid.nih.gov/)  Mayo Clinic Health Oasis (http://www.mayohealth.org/)
  • 30. Selected Subject-Specific Engines30 Education/Children's Sites  AOL NetFind Kids Only (http://www.aol.com/netfind/kids/)  Blue Web'n (http://www.kn.pacbell.com/wired/bluewebn/)  Education World (http://www.education- world.com/)  Kid Info (http://www.kidinfo.com/)  Kids Domain (http://www.kidsdomain.com)  KidsClick! (http://sunsite.berkeley.edu/KidsClick!/)
  • 31. Benefits of Using Search Engines  Larger, billions of records in their databases  No human selectivity of data  Are designed for searching, not browsing  A “search engine” is actually a service that “facilitates” searching 31