Security Information and Event Management (SIEM)
- 1. Security Information & Event Management
- 2. Background on Network Components Router IPS/IDS Firewall Switch (L2 & L3) Servers (Application, Database, etc.) Demilitarized Zone (DMZ) Virtual Private Network 2
- 5. Log Management 5 Log management (LM) comprises an approach to dealing with large volumes of computer-generated log messages (also known as audit records, audit trails, event-logs, etc.). LM covers log collection, centralized aggregation, longterm retention, log analysis (in real-time and in bulk after storage) as well as log search and reporting.
- 7. Log Management Challenges Analyzing Logs for Relevant Security Intelligence Centralizing Log Collection Meeting IT Compliance Requirements Conducting Effective Root Cause Analysis Making Log Data More Meaningful Tracking Suspicious User Behavior 7
- 8. Introduction to SIEM 8 The term Security Information Event Management (SIEM), coined by Mark Nicolett and Amrit Williams of Gartner in 2005. Describes the product capabilities of gathering, analyzing and presenting information from network and security devices; identity and access management applications; vulnerability management and policy compliance tools; operating system, database and application logs; and external threat data.
- 9. Introduction to SIEM 9 Security Information and Event Management (SIEM) is a term for software and products services combining security information management (SIM) and security event manager (SEM). The acronyms SEM, SIM and SIEM have been sometimes used interchangeably. The segment of security management that deals with real-time monitoring, correlation of events, notifications and console views is commonly known as Security Event Management (SEM). The second area provides long-term storage, analysis and reporting of log data and is known as Security Information Management (SIM).
- 10. Key Objectives Identify threats and possible breaches Collect audit logs for security and compliance Conduct investigations and provide evidence 10
- 11. SIEM vs LM 11 Functionality Security Information and Event Management (SIEM) Log Management (LM) Log collection Collect security relevant logs + context data Parsing, normalization, categorization, enrichment Collect all logs Indexing, parsing or none Log retention Retail parsed and normalized data Retain raw log data Reporting Analysis Security focused reporting Correlation, threat scoring, event prioritization Broad use reporting Full text analysis, tagging Alerting and notification Advanced security focused reporting Simple alerting on all logs Other features Incident management, analyst workflow, context analysis, etc. High scalability of collection and storage Log pre-processing
- 12. Why is SIEM Necessary? Rise in data breaches due to internal and external threats Attackers are smart and traditional security tools just don’t suffice Mitigate sophisticated cyber-attacks Manage increasing volumes of logs from multiple sources Meet stringent compliance requirements 12
- 13. Elements of SIEM Monitored Events Event Collection Core Engine User Interface 13
- 14. Typical Features of SIEM 14
- 15. BIG 3 for SIEM 15 Compliance SIEM Security Operations
- 16. SIEM Process Flow Data Collection Extract Intelligent Information 16 Add Value Presentation Dashboards & Reports
- 17. Typical Working of an SIEM Solution 17
- 18. SIEM Architecture 18 System Inputs Event Data Operating Systems Applications Devices Databases Data Collection Normalization Contextual Data Vulnerability Scans User Information Asset Information Threat Intelligence SIEM System Outputs Analysis Reports Real Time Monitoring Correlation Logic/Rules Aggregation
- 19. Context 19
- 20. Adding Context Examples of context Add geo-location information Get information from DNS servers Get User details (Full Name, Job Title & Description) Add context aids in identifying Access from foreign locations Suspect data transfer 20
- 21. 21 8 Critical Features of SIEM
- 22. #1. Log Collection 22 Universal Log Collection To collect logs from heterogeneous sources (Windows systems, Unix/Linux systems, applications, databases, routers, switches, and other devices). Log collection method - agent-based or agentless Both Recommended Centralized log collection Events Per Second (EPS) – Rate at which your IT infrastructure sends events If not calculated properly the SIEM solution will start dropping events before they are stored in the database leading to incorrect reports, search results, alerts, and correlation.
- 23. #2. User Activity Monitoring 23 SIEM solutions should have Out-ofthe-box user activity monitoring, Privileged user monitoring and audit (PUMA) reporting feature. Ensure that the SIEM solution gives the „Complete audit trail‟ Know which user performed the action, what was the result of the action, on what server it happened, and user workstation/device from where the action was triggered.
- 24. #3. Real Time Event Correlation A D B C 24 Real-time event correlation is all about proactively dealing with threats. Correlation boosts network security by processing millions of events simultaneously to detect anomalous events on the network. Correlation can be based on log search, rules and alerts Predefined rules and alerts are not sufficient. Custom rule and alert builder is a must for every SIEM solution. Ensure that the process of correlating events is easy.
- 25. #4. Log Retention 25 SIEM solutions should automatically archive all log data from systems, devices & applications to a ‘centralized‟ repository. Ensure that the SIEM solution has „Tamper Proof‟ feature which ‘encrypts‟ and ‘time stamps‟ them for compliance and forensics purposes. Ease of retrieving and analyzing archived log data.
- 26. #5. IT Compliance Reports 26 IT compliance is the core of every SIEM solution. Ensure that the SIEM solution has out-of-the-box regulatory compliance reports such as PCI DSS, FISMA, GLBA, SOX, HIPAA, etc. SIEM solutions should also have the capability to customize and build new compliance reports to comply with future regulatory acts.
- 27. #6. File Integrity Monitoring 27 File integrity monitoring helps security professionals in monitoring business critical files and folders. Ensure that the SIEM solution tracks and reports on all changes happening such as when files and folders are created, accessed, viewed, deleted, modified, renamed and much more. The SIEM solution should also send real-time alerts when unauthorized users access critical files and folders.
- 28. #7. Log Forensics 28 SIEM solutions should allow users to track down a intruder or the event activity using log search capability. The log search capability should be very intuitive and user-friendly, allowing IT administrators to search through the raw log data quickly.
- 29. #8. Dashboards 29 Dashboards drive SIEM solutions and help IT administrators take timely action and make the right decisions during network anomalies. Security data must be presented in a very intuitive and user-friendly manner. The dashboard must be fully customizable so that IT administrators can configure the security information they wish to see.
- 38. Why SIEM implementation fails? Lack of Planning No defined scope Faulty Deployment Strategies Incoherent log management data collection High volume of irrelevant data can overload the system Operational Lack of management oversight Assume plug and play “Security is a process, not a product” 38
- 39. Business Benefits 39 Real-time Monitoring For operational efficiency and IT security purposes Cost Saving Compliance Reporting Rapid ROI
- 40. Q&A 40
- 41. 41 THANK YOU