Self Nano-emulsifying drug delivery system (SNEDDS)

Sagar K. Savale. / International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical and Nano Sciences. 4(6), 2015, 385 - 397.
Available online: www.uptodateresearchpublication.com November – December 385
Research Article CODEN: IJRPJK ISSN: 2319 – 9563
A REVIEW - SELF NANOEMULSIFYING DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM (SNEDDS)
Sagar K. Savale*1
1
*Department of Pharmaceutics, R. C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Shirpur
425405, Maharashtra State, India.
INTRODUCTION
Self-nanoemulsifying Drug Delivery system
(SNEDDS) is isotropic mixture of natural or
synthetic oil, surfactants and co-surfactants that have
a unique ability of forming fine oil-in-water (O/W)
nano-emulsions under mild Agitation followed
aqueous media1
. Self-Nano emulsifying Drug
Delivery System having size range of globules is
less than 100nm under dispersion of water2
. Recent
ABSTRACT
The Self Nanoemulsifying Drug Delivery System (SNEDDS) is a Novel Drug Delivery System for
Enhancement of water solubility of poorly water soluble drugs. It is isotropic mixture of oil, surfactant, co-
surfactant molecules and it also containing co-solvent molecule. It is Drug delivery system is thermodynamically
and kinetically stable. The drug delivery system under mild agitation is followed by dilution of aqueous media
such as GI fluid and it can from stable O/W Nanoemulsion. Having size of Globules is less than 100nm. It is
important type of Drug delivery system to maintain the chemical stability as well as solubility of drug product.
The Self Nanoemulsifying Drug Delivery System (SNEDDS) is important application on BCS Class II and
Class IV Drugs for improving water Solubility of poorly water soluble drugs. It is important to prevent the
interfacial tension and improving the dissolution as well as absorption rate of drug molecule. It is Novel Drug
Delivery System is Applicable for parenteral, Ophthalmic, intranasal and cosmetic drug delivery system. And
the present review describes Preparation, components, mechanism, of self Nanoemulsification,
biopharmaceutical aspects, characterization methods and applications of self Nanoemulsifying drug delivery
system (SNEDDS) For Enhancement of oral Bioavailability of poorly water soluble drugs.
KEY WORDS
Nanoemulsion, Miniemulsion, Submicron emulsion, Surfactant, Self-emulsifying system and Psedoternary
Phase.
International Journal of Research
in
Pharmaceutical and Nano Sciences
Journal homepage: www.ijrpns.com
Author for Correspondence:
Sagar K. Savale,
Department of Pharmaceutics, R. C. Patel Institute of
Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Karwand
Naka, Shirpur, - 425405, Dhule, Maharashtra, India.
Email: avengersagar16@gmail.com

years Self-Nano emulsifying Drug Delivery System
(SNEDDS), self-microemulsifying Drug Delivery
System (SMEDDS) and self-emulsifying drug
delivery systems (SEDDS) is used to improve the
aqueous solubility of poorly water-soluble drugs2
.
The Formulation of self-nano-emulsifying Drug
Delivery system was formulated by using medium
chain tri glycerides oils and non-ionic surfactant, is
important for oral ingestion3
. The Drug was
subjected to the Dissolution rate limiting absorption,
the drug was under SNEDDS is important for
enhancement of rate as well as Drug absorption and
reproducibility of plasma profile of drug
concentration4
. The SNEDDS is one of the Stable
Nano emulsion is important to provide a large
interfacial area for partitioning of drug between oil
and aqueous phase. Having better rate of drug
dissolution and increases bioavailability of drug
formulation5
. The Self Nanoemulsifying drug
delivery system is thermodynamically Stable and
Transparent or Translucent Non-ionized Dispersion
of (o/w) and (w/o) Nano emulsion was stabilized by
addition of Surfactant and Co-surfactant Molecule6
.
The Self Nanoemulsifying Drug Delivery System is
also known as Nanoemulsion, Miniemulsion,
ultrafine emulsion, Submicron emulsion6
.
The o/w nanoemulsion of Self Nanoemulsifying
drug delivery system (SNEDDS) under mild
agitation followed by aqueous media to form stable
o/w nanoemulsion is shown in Figure No.16
.
Comparision between Self-Emulsifying Drug
Delivery System (SEDDS) and Self-Micro
Emulsifying Drug Delivery System (SMEDDS)
For better understanding of the concept of self-
emulsification (SEDDS) and Self
Microemulsification (SMEDDS) was clearly
differentiates and the differentiation was reported in
Table No.17, 8
.
Comparision of Self Nanoemulsifying Drug
Delivery System (SNEDDS) and Self
Microemulsifying Drug Delivery System
(Smedds)
The Comparision between Nanoemulsion
(SNEDDS) and microemulsion (SMEDDS) is
shown in Figure No.2 having the A is Indicate as
Nanoemulsion and B is Indicate as Microemulsion
according to their Transparency is shown in Figure
No.29
.
The Comparision between Self-microemulsifying
drug delivery system (SMEDDS) and Self
Nanoemulsifying drug delivery system (SNEDDS)
was reported in Table No.210-15
.
Appropriate Drug Candidate for SNEDDS
The Self Nanoemulsifying Drug Delivery
(SNEDDS) System is a Novel Approach for
Enhancement of oral Bioavailability of Poorly Water
Soluble Drugs. In Biopharmaceutical classification
system (BCS) can Classify Four Classes, In Class II
and Class IV Drugs Having Less Water Solubility as
Compared to Class I and Class III drug. The Class II
and Class IV Drugs under Self Nanoemulsifying
Drug Delivery System (SNEDDS). They can able to
Increases Water Solubility and Increases Oral
Bioavailability. The Self Nanoemulsifying Drug
Delivery System (SNEDDS) is Important to Prevent
Problem of Enzymatic Degradation Associated to
Class I and Class III drug and Improved Solubility
and Bioavailability16
.
A schematic Representation about
Biopharmaceutical Classification System (BCS)
having four classes of system is based on solubility
and permeability analysis is shown in Figure No.316
.
TYPES OF NANOEMULSION (SNEDDS)
Water in oil (W/O) Nanoemulsion
In Which Droplet of Water was dispersed in
Continuous Phase oil17
.
Oil in water (O/W) Nanoemulsion
In Which Oil droplet was dispersed in Continuous
Phase Water17
.
Bi-continuous Nanoemulsion
In which Surfactant was Soluble in Both Oil as well
as water Phase, and droplet was dispersed in both
Oil as well as water phase18
.
ADVANTAGES OF SELF NANO
EMULSIFYING DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM
(SNEDDS)
Nanoemulsion (SNEDDS) have a much large

surface area and free Energy than micro emulsions
(SMEDDS)19
.
The self Nanoemulsifying drug delivery system is
important to improve the Bioavailability20
.
The ability of nanoemulsion (SNEDDS) to dissolve
large quantities of lipophilic Drug, along with their
ability to protect the drugs from hydrolysis and
enzymatic degradation make them ideal vehicles for
the purpose of parenteral transport21
.
The SNEDDS is important to provide ultra-low
interfacial tension and provide a large o/w interfacial
areas22
.
Nanoemulsion (SNEDDS) was formulated in a
variety of formulations Such as liquids, sprays,
foams, creams, ointments and gels and it is Used as
Nanoemulsion in pharmaceutical field as well as
used in drug delivery system such as oral, topical
and parenteral nutrition23
.
In Self Nanoemulsifying Drug Delivery System
(SNEDDS) is Essential For oils and their main
components have the number of applications in
medicine, food, beverages, preservation, cosmetics
and it is also used for the fragrance and
pharmaceutical industries24
.
It is used as Ayurvedic system and unnani system25
.
The Self Nanoemulsifying drug Delivery System
(SNEDDS) having site specific as well as targeted
drug delivery system26
.
DIS ADVANTAGES OF SELF NANO
(SNEDDS)
The preparations of Nanoemulsion (SNEDDS) are
difficult to prepare because the high pressure
homogenizer as well as ultrasonic equipment was
available in recent year and the nanoemulsion
preparation was expensive27
.
The Stability of Self Nanoemulsifying drug delivery
system was affected by Temperature and Ph28
.
COMPONENTS
In self Nanoemulsifying system is consist
Oil
Surfactant
Co-surfactant
Co-solvents
Oil
The self Nanoemulsifying drug delivery system
(SNEDDS) in which Selection of Specific oily phase
is very important parameter for selection of
ingredients in Nanoemulsion, it is mainly associated
with O/W nanoemulsion. The oil is important for
maximum solubilizing ability for selected drug
candidate is important for selection of oily phase for
Nanoemulsion Formulation. This is most important
approach having the high drug loading ability. The
naturally as well as synthetically occurring the
mixture of oils and fats are triglycerides contain in
long chain fatty acids. The Triglycerides are
classified as short chain Triglycerides (<5 carbons),
medium chain Triglycerides (6-12 carbons atoms),
or long chain Triglyceride (>12 carbons) is
important to decrease the degree of unsaturation and
is important to prevent oxidative degradation. The
choice of oily phase is depends on the ability of the
solubilized drugs and it is important to from
nanoemulsion of desired characteristics. The oil is
important to increases friction to transport of drug
into intracellular compartment is important to
increases water solubility of less water soluble drug.
For example, the mixture of fixed oil and medium
chain triglycerides is important to maintain
appropriate balance between loading capacity of
drug and emulsification or Nanoemulsification. The
long chain and medium chain triglyceride oils under
different degrees of saturation is important to use in
designing of SMEDDS. Triglycerides are highly
lipophilic oily molecules and the solvent capacity of
drugs is common function of effective concentration
in ester groups, the medium chain triglycerides
(MCT) molecules having higher solvent capacity
and ability for resistance to oxidation as compare to
long chain triglycerides molecules. Now days, the
MCT have been replaced by novel semi-synthetic
MCT is important to influencing water solubility of
poorly soluble drugs and oil phases are modified by
vegetable oils, digestible or non-digestible oils and
fats such as olive oil, palm oil, corn oil, oleic acid,
sesame oil, soybean oil, hydrogenated oil for better
solubility29
.

Surfactant
Surfactant are define as molecules and ions are
adsorbed at interface i.e. surfactant. It is having
ability to prevent the interfacial tension and provide
interfacial area. It is major component for
preparation of nanoemulsion. It is act has self
Nanoemulsifying, self-emulsifying and self
Microemulsifying agent is ability to solubilized
poorly water soluble drug. Most of the compounds
can existing the properties of surfactants for
designing of emulsifying system. The limited
surfactant unit is orally acceptable. Mainly Non-
ionic surfactants are having high Hydrophilic and
Lipophilic Balance (HLB). The most commonly
used Surfactants are various solid or liquid
ethoxylated polyglycolyzed glycerides and
polyoxyethylene 20 oleate. Optimum amount of
surfactant unit is used for preparation nanoemulsion
but large quantity of surfactant can chemical
toxicity. Hence the safety is major considerable
parameter for selection of Surfactant molecule. The
molecule of surfactant is obtained in natural as well
as synthetic origin. Surfactant having limited
capacity of Self Emulsification30
.
The Non-ionic surfactant having more stable as
compared to Ionic surfactant molecule and they are
nontoxic and Thermodynamically Stable Molecule.
The lipid mixtures of molecules with higher
surfactant and co-surfactant and oil ratios lead to the
formation of SMEDDS and SNEDDS is Responsible
for Enhancement of Oral Bioavailability of Poorly
Water Soluble Drugs. The surfactant concentration
is mainly based on the Size of droplet Molecule for
preparation of emulsification and
Nanoemulsification. This is important for
stabilization of oil Droplet under part of surfactant
system. The surfactant concentration is mainly
depend on size of droplet the surfactant
concentration was increases ultimately size of
droplet was increases. It is important Component of
preparation of Nanoemulsion system for improving
the solubility of poorly water soluble drugs31
.
Classification surfactant molecule32
Surfactant molecule is mainly classified has four
types;
Anionic surfactants
Cationic surfactants
Ampholytic surfactants
Non-ionic surfactants
Anionic Surfactants
The hydrophilic group carries a negative charge is
known as Anionic Surfactant.
The negative charged group such as carboxyl
(RCOO-), sulphonate (RSO3 -) or sulphate
(ROSO3-).
Examples - Potassium laurate, sodium lauryl
sulphate.
Cationic surfactants
The hydrophilic group carries a positive charge is
known has cationic Surfactant.
Example - quaternary ammonium halide.
Ampholytic surfactants / Zwitter or Zwitterionic
surfactants
The surfactant unit consist of both charges Positive
as well as negative Charge.
Example - sulfobetaines.
Non-ionic surfactants
The hydrophilic group carries no charge but derives
its water solubility because it can contain strong
polar functional groups such as hydroxyl or
polyoxyethylene (OCH2CH2O).
Examples - Sorbitan esters (Spans), polysorbates
(Tween 20)
Co-surfactant
Co-surfactant is similar function to surfactant unit.
Co-surfactant was added along with surfactant unit
or combination of surfactant unit to able to increases
the ability Surfactant to improving water solubility
of poorly water soluble drug. The co-surfactant are
Single chain Surfactant unit are able to Prevent the
Interfacial Fluidity. The co-surfactant molecule is
come into contact with surfactant, oil and water it
can separated by Monomolecular Layer of surfactant
molecule. The Monomolecular Layer of Surfactant
molecule is known as Liquid Crystal formation
layer. The most important application of co-
surfactant in self Nanoemulsifying Drug Delivery
system (SNEDDS) is to prevent interfacial tension
between oil and water interface. Cosurfactant like

Ethanol, Methanol, Pentanol, Glycol, Propylene
Glycol33
.
Co-solvent
Co-solvent is important to prevent interfacial tension
and provide the larger Surface area.
It is important to increasing oral bioavailability of
poorly water soluble drugs34
.
Factors
The Nature or Type of drug is important factor for
preparation of nanoemulsion and Concentration of
surfactant is always optimum because larger
quantity of surfactant can shows toxicity35
.
Mechanism
The Self Nanoemulsification is occurs, The Entropy
was changes that favours the dispersion is greater
than the energy is required to increases the surface
of dispersion hence the free energy of conventional
emulsion is direct function of energy is required to
create new surface between oil and water phase and
emulsion was stabilized36
.
The free energy of conventional emulsion is
associated with ∆G,
Where,
∆G = free energy associated with the process
N = number of droplets
r = Radius of droplets
б = interfacial energy
The Two phases of emulsion tend to separate with
time to reduce the interfacial area, and subsequently,
the emulsion is stabilized by emulsifying agents36
.
PREPARATION OF SELF NANO
(SNEDDS)
The Preparation of Self Nanoemulsifying drug
delivery system (SNEDDS) is Prepared by two ways
Preparation of Liquid SNEDDS
It is important method for preparation of self
Nanoemulsifying drug delivery system having the
surfactant/co-surfactant ratio and oil/S/CoS ratio
was selected From the Psedoternary phase diagram.
A Number of series of the formulation was prepared
by different concentrations of oil, surfactant and
Cosurfactant. The oil and surfactant was weighed in
suitable properties and drug was dissolved in this
mixture and the mixture was dissolved stored at
room temperature37
.
Preparation of Solid SNEDDS
It is second most important method for preparation
of Self Nanoemulsifying drug delivery system
(SNEDDS) was prepared by mixing selected liquid
SNEDDS Was mixing in a small mortar and pestle.
Resultant damp mass was passed through sieve no.
120 and dried at ambient temperature37
.
METHODS FOR PREPARATION OF SELF
NANOEMULSIFYING DRUG DELIVERY
SYSTEM (SNEDDS)
High energy approach
The formation of nanoemulsion is a high energy
method is based on the selected composition of
mixture, the mixture containing in surfactant, co-
surfactant, cosolvents and other functional
compound and for preparation of the mixture energy
is applied. The emulsification undergoes mechanical
processing to from nanoemulsion38
.
High Pressure Homogenizer
The High pressure homogenizer is one of the
important device for detection and preparation of
nanoemulsion. It is important device to produced
fine emulsions. This method is important in which
the oil in water surfactant mixture under very high
pressure and the mixture was pumped by resistive
valve. The very high shear stress is responsible for
the formation of very fine emulsion droplets. The
combination of two theories, turbulence and
cavitation, explain the droplet size reduction during
homogenization process. The high velocity of
resultant mixture gives the liquid high energy in the
homogenizer valve generates intense turbulent
eddies of the same size as the mean diameter droplet
(MDD). Droplets were apart from Eddie currents
resulting in a reduction in droplet size.
Simultaneously, the pressure drop across the valve,
cavitation occurs and generates further eddies
disruption droplets. Decreasing the gap size
ultimately increases the pressure of the droplet, is

responsible for greater degree of cavitation.
Emulsion droplet having diameters as small as 100
nm can be produced using this method if the
sufficient amount of surfactant present to completely
cover the mixture of oil-water interface formed and
the adsorption kinetics was high, is important to
prevent droplet coalescence38
.
Microfluidizatiion
It is important device to detect and prepared
Nanoemulsion. The Micro fluidization technology
makes use of a device called ‘Micro Fluidizer”. This
type of device is uses in high pressure positive
displacement pump (500-300 PSI) which forces the
product through the interaction chamber, it can
consisting of small channels droplet is called as
micro channels. The product was flows through the
micro channels on to the impingements area has
resulting in very fine particles of submicron range
i.e. Nanoemulsion. The two solutions containing
mixture of aqueous phase and oil phase system are
under combination and formed in the inline
homogenizer to yield of course emulsion. The
course emulsion under processing of a micro
fluidizer and it undergoes further processed to from
Homogeneous, transparent, stable nanoemulsion was
formed39
.
Sonication Method
This type of method is important for determination
of size of droplet and it is important for reduced size
droplet of conventional emulsion with the help of
sonication mechanism.It is only applicable for small
batches of Nanoemulsion39
.
Phase inversion Method
Phase inversion method is important for preparation
of micro emulsion and Nanoemulsion. The method
is mainly based on the response to temperature. In
this type of method many physical changes occur
that can include physicochemical changes, particle
size and in vivo - in vitro drug release rate. These
methods make use of changing the spontaneous
emulsion formation. The non-ionic surfactant can be
achieved by changing the temperature of the system.
The forcing a transition from o/w nanoemulsion was
formed at low temperature and w/o Nanoemulsion
was formed at higher temperature40
.
Psedoternary Phase Diagram
Psedoternary phase diagram is important for
determination of self Nanoemulsifying drug delivery
system (SNEDDS). It is diagrammatic
representation of oil, surfactant and co-surfactant
(Smix), water is known as Psedoternary phase
diagram. Psedoternary phase diagram was
constructed by Phase titration method and Phase
inversion method. The procedure consisted of
preparing solutions Containing oil and the different
ratio of surfactant to co-surfactant by weight such as
1:1, 2; 1, 3:1 etc, these solutions then vortexed for 5
min and isotropic mixture was obtained. Observed
for their appearance (turbid or clear). Turbidity of
the samples would indicate formation of a coarse
emulsion, whereas a clear isotropic solution would
indicate the formation of a Nanoemulsion
(SNEDDS) Percentage of oil, Smix and water. The
values were used to prepare Pseudo ternary phase
diagram. This diagram corner can represent 100%
concentration of each phase content. The diagram is
important to give information related to binary
mixture of two components such as surfactant/co-
surfactant, water/drug or oil/drug41
.
The Psedoternary phase diagram is represent
mixture of surfactant, co-surfactant, oil, and water
phase is shown in Figure No.4.
EVALUATION OF SELF NANO
(SNEDDS)
Thermodynamic stability of emulsion
The Thermodynamic stability of lipid based
formulation is also crucial to it performance, which
can be adversely affected by precipitation the drug
in the excipients matrix. In addition poor
formulation Thermodynamic stability can lead phase
separation of the excipients affecting not only
formulation performance as well as visual
performance42
.
Centrifugation study
The formulations were centrifuged using laboratory
centrifuge at 5000 rpm for 30 min. The resultant
formulations were then checked for any instability
problem, such as phase separation, creaming or

cracking. Formulation which is stable selected for
further studies42
.
Heating and cooling cycle
Three heating/cooling cycles between 4˚C and 40˚C
with storage at each temperature for not less than 24
h. The resultant formulations were assessed for their
Thermodynamic instability like phase separation and
precipitation. Formulation which passes this test
subjected for further test42
.
Freeze thaw cycle
Freeze thawing was employed to evaluate the
stability of SNEDDS. Formulations were subjected
to 3 freeze-thaw cycles, which included freezing at
−4˚C for 24 h followed by thawing at 40˚C for 24 h.
Centrifugation was performed at 3000 rpm for 5
min. The formulations were then observed for phase
separation. Smix concentrations were optimized
formulation42
.
Droplet Size
Droplet size of (SNEDDS) was determined by
photon correlation spectroscopy that analyses the
fluctuations in light scattering due to Brownian
motion of the particle, using a Zetasizer 1000HS
(Malvern Instruments, UK). Light scattering was
monitored at 25 ºC at a 90º angle. The optimized
nanoemulsion sample was diluted by distilled water,
placed in quartz corvette and subjected to droplet
size analysis43
.
Viscosity
The Viscosity (rheological property) of the
selfnanoemulsifying drug delivery system
(SNEDDS) was evaluated by Brookfield Viscometer
for Determination of Consistency of Nanoemulsion
Formulation44
.
Stability study
The Stability study is important to determine the
quality as well as purity of Nanoemulsion system.
Stability is determine the tolerance of formulation.
The different nanoemulsion formulations was
determine for its stability by subjecting them at
mechanical stress conditions (centrifugation at 2000-
4000 rpm) as well as formulation was stored at
different temperatures ranging from 4 ± 1 °C to 40 ±
1°C for different time intervals. The effect of the
mechanical stress conditions on the Physiochemical
stability of the nanoemulsion was observed by
determining the percent phase separation, breaking
of nanoemulsion or any physical change. The studies
having no relevant change in the formulations after
60 min of centrifugation at 2000 rpm45
.
Drug Content
It is important for determination of percent content
of drug product as well as percent purity of
nanoemulsion system. In this evaluation twenty
tablets was weighed individually and the average
weigh was noted. Then, all twenty tablets were
being crushed together. After that, the average weigh
of the sample was took and diluted, then further
analysed using HPLC as in dissolution test and
determine percent drug content present in
nanoemulsion system46
.
Dispersibility test
The efficiency of self-emulsification of oral nano or
micro emulsion is determined by using a standard
USP XXII dissolution apparatus II. One millilitre of
each formulation is added to 500 ml of water at
37±0.5ºC. The stainless steel dissolution paddle
rotating at 50 rpm provided gentle agitation. The in
vitro performance of the formulations is visually
determine by using the following grading System.47
Grade A
Rapidly forming (less than 1 min) nanoemulsion,
having a Transparent or bluish appearance47
.
Grade B
Rapidly forming, slightly less transparent emulsion,
having a bluish white appearance47
.
Grade C
It is a Fine Whitish milky emulsion that formed
within 2 min47
.
Grade D
Dull, grayish white emulsion having slightly oily
appearance that is slow to emulsification process47
.
Grade E
Formulation, exhibiting either less or minimal
Emulsification with large oil globules present on the
surface47
.
Grade A and Grade B formulation will remain as
nanoemulsion was dispersed in GIT. While
formulation was falling in Grade C could be

recommend for SNEDDS as well as SEDDS of
formulation47
.
Morphological study
Morphological study is important to give
information related to the external appearance of the
formulation like colour, odour, consistency, density,
appearance was determine by Morphological study.
In self-Nano emulsifying drug delivery system
(SNEDDS) globules was observed by transmission
electron microscope (TEM) Sample was visualized
and detected48
.
pH Measurements
The of pH Nanoemulsion formulations was
measured by a pH meter or Potentiometer.
Electrodes were completely dipped into the
semisolid or liquid formulations and pH was noted49
.
Percent Transmittance
The percent transmittance of the nanoemulsion
Formulation (SNEDDS) was measured using UV-
Visible double beam spectrophotometer or Single
Beam Spectrophotometer Keeping distilled water as
blank at 560 nm50
.
APPLICATION
Improving water solubility of poorly water
soluble drug
The Self Nanoemulsifying Drug Delivery System
(SNEDDS) is important to improved water solubility
of poorly water soluble drug and increases oral
bioavailability of poorly water soluble drug51
.
Applications of nanoemulsion in drug delivery
Nanoemulsion (SNEDDS) have been applied in
various aspects of drug delivery including Cosmetics
and transdermal delivery of drug delivery system,
cancer therapy, vaccine delivery,
Cell culture technology, formulations is important to
increases oral delivery of poorly soluble drug, ocular
as well as otic drug delivery system, intranasal drug
delivery, parenteral drug delivery and pulmonary
delivery of drugs as well as intranasal drug delivery
system52
.
Protection against biodegradation
SNEDDS, SMEDDS and SEDDS is important
ability to deliver macromolecules like peptides,
hormones, enzyme substrates are inhibitors and it is
important to protect from enzymatic degradation53
.
Table No.1: Differences between SEDDS and SMEDDS
S.No SEDDS SMEDDS References
1 It is a mix. drug, oil, surfactant It is a mix. drug, oil, surfactant, co-surfactant 7
2 Droplet size was 100-300nm Droplet size was Less than 50 nm 8
3 turbid appearance Transparent appearance 7
4 Thermodynamically not stable Thermodynamically stable 8
5
Ternary phase diagram is required to
optimize the SEDDS
Psedoternary phase diagram is required to
optimize SMEDDS
7
Table No.2: Comparision between SMEDDS and SNEDDS
S.No SMEDDS SNEDDS Reference
1
It is Self-Micro emulsifying drug delivery
system
It is Self-Nano emulsifying drug delivery
system
10
2 It is turbid in nature Less energy required for preparation 11
3
Large amount of energy is required for
preparation as compare to nanoemulsion
Less energy required for preparation 12
4 Droplet size is 100-300nm Droplet size is less than 100nm 13
5 It is thermodynamically stable It is thermodynamically and kinetically stable 14
6 It is optimized by ternary phase diagram It is optimized by Psedoternary phase diagram 15

Figure No.1: Formation of o/w Nano emulsion
Figure No.2: Comparision between nanoemulsion and microemulsion
Figure No.3: Biopharmaceutical Classification System

Figure No.4: Psedoternary Phase diagram
CONCLUSION
Self Nanoemulsifying drug delivery system
(SNEDDS) is a Novel Approach for the formulation
of drug molecules with poor water solubility. Self
Nanoemulsifying drug delivery system (SNEDDS)
is an Isotropic mixture of oils, surfactants, Co-
surfactant (Smix) and co-solvent. When introduced
into aqueous phase, it emulsifies spontaneously to
produce fine o/w Nanoemulsion under gentle
agitation. SNEDDS is represent a good alternative
for the formulation of poorly water soluble drugs.
SNEDDS improves the dissolution of the drugs due
to increased surface area on dispersion and
Absorption rate of Drug molecule. The oral delivery
of lipophilic drugs can be made possible by
SNEDDS, is important to improve oral
bioavailability. According to this approach it is
possible to prolong the release of drug via
incorporation of polymer in composition. SNEDDS
seems to be appear as unique and industrially
survival approach with future development.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The authors are grateful to Hon. Principal, SES’s,
R. C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education
and Research, Dr. S. J. Surana sir. A special
gratitude to Dr. H.S. Mahajan sir Head, Dept. of
Pharmaceutics and Quality assurance. Finally, I
grateful to Dr. S.S. Chalikwar sir Assistant
Professor, Department of Pharmaceutics and quality
assurance. Without whom and their constant caring
and loving support we would be unable to achieve
this advancement and precious stage of our life.
CONFLICT OF INTEREST
We declare that we have no conflict of interest.
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Please cite this article in press as: Sagar K. Savale. A Review - Self Nanoemulsifying Drug Delivery
System (SNEDDS), International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical and Nano Sciences, 4(6), 2015,
385 - 397.

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