Semantics (Introduction To Linguistics)
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This document defines semantics and discusses its key concepts. Semantics is the study of meaning in language. It has two types of meaning: conceptual meaning, which is the basic literal definition, and associative meaning, which involves connotations. Words can be analyzed using semantic features like animate vs inanimate. Semantic roles examine the relationships between words in a sentence, such as agent, theme, and instrument. Semantics plays an important role in understanding language.
Semantics (Introduction To Linguistics)
- 1. SemanticsA thorough study of meaning Presented by: MA. BRENDA P. ESTUYA MARY QUEEN C. ESTRELLA JONNA MAE S. MARTINICO LOVE MAE B. BATALLA BSEd 2 English
- 2. Objectives Define the meaning of semantics. Differentiate the two types of meaning. Categorize words among the four features of semantics. Identify the roles of semantics in a sentence.
- 3. Semantics defined… is the study of meaning in language the branch of linguistics and logic concerned with meaning. the meaning of a word, phrase, sentence, or text.
- 4. Semantics defined… The term is taken from the Greek seme, meaning sign. (www.wikipedia.semantics-meaning-com) Linguistic semantics deals with the conventional meaning conveyed by the use of words and sentences of a language. (Yule, 2010)
- 5. 2 types of meaning 1. Conceptual Meaning 2. Associative Meaning
- 6. Conceptual meaning defined… Conceptual meaning covers those basic, essential components of meaning which are conveyed by the literal use of a word. Example : Needle - thin, sharp, steel, instrument (Yule, 2010)
- 7. Associative meaning defined… 'associations', or 'connotations', attached to a word Example: Needle – painful (Yule, 2010)
- 8. Semantic features Features +animate -animate +human -human +male -male +adult -adult
- 9. Semantic features A procedure of analyzing meaning in terms of semantic features. Table Cow Girl Woman Boy Man Animate - + + + + + Human - - + + + + Male - - - - + + Adult - + - + - +
- 10. Semantic roles 1. Agent, theme, instrument 2. Experiencer, location, source, goal
- 11. Semantic roles 1. Agent, theme, instrument Agent - the entity that performs the action Example : The boy kicked the ball
- 12. Semantic roles Agents are typically human, they can also be non-human forces Example: The wind blew the ball away.
- 13. Semantic roles Agents can also be machines. Example : the car ran over the ball.
- 14. Semantic roles It can also be creatures. Example : The dog caught the ball.
- 15. Semantic roles Theme - the entity that is involved in or affected by the action Example: The boy kicked the ball. (Agent) ( Theme)
- 16. Semantic roles The theme can also be an entity that is simply being described. Example: The ball was red
- 17. Semantic roles Instrument - If an agent uses another entity in performing an action, that other entity fills the role of instrument. Example: Anna is writing with a pen on (agent) (instrument) her hand.
- 18. Semantic roles 2. Experiencer, location, source, goal Experiencer - entity as the person who has a feeling, a perception or a state. Example: Mary saw a mosquito on the wall. (Experiencer)
- 19. Semantic roles Location - Where an entity is. Example: Mary saw a mosquito on the wall. (Location)
- 20. Semantic roles Source - Where an entity moves from. Example: She borrowed a magazine from George. (Source)
- 21. Semantic roles Goal - where it moves to. Example : She handed the magazine back to George. (Goal)