Session 40 Frederik Jonsson
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This document describes a wireless in-situ road condition sensor network. The network uses master sensor nodes and slave sensor nodes to monitor conditions like temperature, humidity, and vibrations in real-time. Data is transmitted from the slave nodes to the master node via UHF or RFID and then sent to a central server using GSM/GPRS. The central server stores the data and makes it available to users through a web interface. This allows for remote monitoring of road conditions with alarm notifications. The system is designed to operate in harsh environments from -40C to +60C while transmitting sensor data for analysis and tracking applications.
Session 40 Frederik Jonsson
- 1. Wireless in-situ Road Condition Sensor Network Qiang Chen, Lirong Zheng & Frederik Jonsson iPack Vinnex Center, Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
- 2. Why in-situ Road Condition Wireless Sensing? 1. Gives almost real time monitoring of road condition 2. Real time alarming is possible 3. Via commercially available wide area wireless network, one can place such measurement set-up virtually anywhere and anytime if needed 4. If needed data can be either send back via wireless WAN or stored in memory device
- 3. Application Requirements 1. Temperature (-40C - +60C) 2. Humidity (0-100% RH) 3. Vibrations up to ~kHz 4. Strain
- 4. System Architecture - An Overview Wide Area Network Central DB Client Enterprise Network WSN Server WEB Server Technician Monitoring and Analyzing Fresh Food Tracking Central Server Sensor Area Network Alarming Fresh Food Tracking Road End User Operation Center On-shelf Query Tracking and Localization Master Sensor Node Slave Sensor Node
- 5. System Architecture -1 (First Layer Wireless Communications between Master Sensor Node and Central Server and End Users) Master Sensor GPS Node GSM/GPRS/3G Wireless Wide Area Network Real Time System Tracking Application Online Web (Internet) Text Message ALARM Data Statistics & Analysis E-mail Central Server & Database
- 6. System Architecture -2 (Second Layer Wireless Communications between Master Sensor Node and Slave Nodes) Master Sensor Node Slave Sensor Nodes Power Management 4.5V (placed inside road and road Step-up 5V Battery DCDC LDO 3.8V shoulder) Converter LDO 3V Road Coin Battery 3.3V CPU and Backup LDO Memory Sensors JTAG Temperature Sensors CPU and Backup Memory Communication Module sensor CO2 Signal Sensor Interface JTAG RX (UHF 900MHz) Humidity Communication Module CPU TX (I-UWB) sensor Oxygen Analogue GSM(GPRS)/GPS Microcontroller Sensor MUX Module Accelerometers 2.4GHz RFID as Memory Ethylene Signal SD Memory RX (UHF 900MHz) communication Link Sensor Interface card TX (I-UWB)
- 7. System Operational Flow User Operations Operation Center Sensor Node Service User 1 Registration Registration Wakeup Manager Management Runtime Service Selection Service Sensor Node Configuration API 2 and Specification Authentication DB Configuration Manager Manager Sensor Data On-site Data Collection Processing 3 User Login Driver Firmware Data Sensor Sensor Node Data Uploading Monitoring and 4 Tracking Visualization DB Data Collector API Engine Alarming API Alarming Alarming Manager Controlling API Control Controlling Manager Sensor Node Executive Controller Driver Data 5 Data Sharing Sharing Sleep Engine Sensor Node Sensor Node Web Function Web Service API Function
- 8. System Implementation -Sensor Selection 1. T & RH sensor to meet requirement 2. Vibration: accelerometer up to 5g with analog output for frequency>1KHz 3. Strain gauge requires special technique, not integrated yet
- 9. System Implementation -Database Sensor DB Management DB PK User Infor UserID SensorAllocation Node Configuration PK NodeID SensorSelectT Temperature PK PK NodeID Time …... UserName UserPassword SensorSelectRH Value PK UserID ... ... PK ServiceID SensorPeriodT WAN Positioning PK NodeID SensorPeriodRH GPS ServicePackage ... PK NodeID StartTime UpLimitT PK NodeID PK Time PK ServiceID FinishTime DownLimitT PK Time Status UpLimitRH ContryID Price ... DownLimitRH Longitude AreaID payable ... Latitude CellID ... SmsIfAlarm altitude BaseStationID UploadToIP Distance UploadToPort Angle SmsToNumber AlarmPeriod Event Log AlarmEnabled PK NodeID UploadContry PK Time SimCardID SoftwareVersion Type ... Message Availability
- 10. System Implementation -Hardware Architecture Micro Panel 2.4G RF H&T Accele. CO2 GPS -SD Socket Tranceiver Sensor Sensor WAN Accele. RTC Adapter RTC 2.4G RF O2 MCU 2.4G Detector Sensor MCU RFID ... Sim Card Reader IR-UWB ... Ethy Tx Charger Power Sensor Jack Controller Power Management Management IR- Button Array ... H&T Li-ion Array Battery UWB Sensor Battery MSN-SEN MSN-MAIN board MSN-SAN SSN board board board
- 11. System Implementation -Hardware Example
- 12. System Implementation -Acceleration Data Compresion 2 acce.(G) 1 0 2 2 -1 D waveform 1650 1700 1750 1800 1850 P waveform 1 acce.(G) 1 acce.(G) samples 0 0 2 -1 -1 A waveform 1650 1700 1750 1800 1850 acce.(G) 1650 1700 1750 1800 1850 1 samples samples 0 -1 1650 1700 1750 1800 1850 samples
- 13. System Field Test Results (for Another Application)
- 14. Field Test -Vibration 2.5 1.5 2.5 1.5 1.5 2 1 2 1 1 1.5 0.5 1.5 0.5 0.5 acce.Z ( G ) acce.X ( G ) acce.X ( G ) acce.Y ( G ) acce.Y ( G ) 1 0 1 0 0 0.5 -0.5 0.5 -0.5 -0.5 0 -1 0 -1 -1 Shock -0.5 -1.5 -0.5 -1.5 -1.5 0 5 10 15 0 0 5 5 10 10 15 0 15 0 5 5 10 10 15 time (50ms) 5 time (50ms) (50ms) time 5 5 time (50ms) time (50ms) 5 x 10 x 10 x 10 x 10
- 15. Conclusion 1. An in-situ road condition monitoring system based on wireless sensor network and RFID technologies is presented. 2. Sensor node placed inside road/road shoulder need special design, need further improvement 3. Battery-less sensor node solution based on energy harvesting e.g., piezo-electric effect (vibration) and thermo-electric effect (temperature gradient) and/or solar cell 4. To integrated strain gauge requires special interface circuits since the gauge is based on Winston-bridge principle
- 16. Thank You