Session 4.3d Technology and NAPs in Coastal Zones
- 1. Title NAP Expo 2019: Technology and NAPs in Coastal Zones Egbert L Louis Engineering, Construction & Management Consulting Ltd
- 2. 2 Climate Variables Consistently warmer temperatures Reduced rainfall on average Changing storm intensity/heavy rainfall Rising sea levels
- 3. 3 Climate Variables – Resultant Impacts Consistently warmer temperatures ▪ Need for redesign of real estate to reduce ambient temperatures ▪ Increased use of forced and mechanical cooling ▪ Hotter road surfaces mean increased asphalt pavement thickness
- 4. 4 Climate Variables – Resultant Impacts ▪ Reduced volumes and empty reservoirs ▪ Increased need to use expensive RO water systems ▪ Reduction in recharge rate of aquifers ▪ Greater competition for use of potable water ▪ Reduced construction production Less rainfall on average
- 5. 5 Climate Variables – Resultant Impacts ▪ Impact of Hurricane Maria 2017 ▪ Results of poor construction Changing storm intensity/heavy rainfall
- 6. 6 Climate Variables – Resultant Impacts ▪ Tourism affected ▪ Protection required ▪ Impact on real estate Rising sea levels ▪ Other Impacts • Contamination of drinking water in wells and buried pipes • Negative impact on wild life population • Likely impact on farming as water for irrigation can also be contaminated
- 7. 7 General Adaptation Measures • Data Collection • Operational Practices • Capacity Building • Emergency Response Institutional • Retrofitting • Building redundancy • Using new technology • Code enforcement Infrastructure Asset • Behavioural Change • Demand management • Public education • Changing school curriculum Public Behaviour
- 8. 8 Infrastructure Asset Condition Assessment Condition Rating Descriptions Rating Description Good Minor defects Superficial wear and tear Some deterioration to finishes Major maintenance not required Fair/ Average Significant defects are evident Worn finishes require maintenance Services are functional but need attention Deferred maintenance work exists
- 9. 9 Infrastructure Asset Condition Assessment Condition Rating Descriptions Rating Description Poor Badly deteriorated Potential structural problems Inferior appearance Major defects Components fail frequently Very Poor Building has failed Not operational or viable Unfit for occupancy or normal use
- 10. 10 Interventions for Building Works Building Elements Foundations Basement construction Superstructure frame Exterior Enclosure Roofing Stairs Structural retrofit Conveying Plumbing, water & wastewater Ventilation, & air conditioning Electrical Exterior Exposure Replace entire wall with new ring beam Install insect screens Window protection from windborne debris Replace with windows/skylights made of laminated glass fixed to frames Replace with standard operable or fixed windows and install shutters Remove the skylight and secure the opening Protecting existing door with an impact-resistant covering Replace doors by providing an impact-resistant door Install threshold to prevent ingress of water Fasten door frames into concrete surrounds with bolts or screws
- 11. 11 Interventions Hurricane clamps roof fasteners rafter bracings Solar water heating
- 12. 12 Interventions RW Harvesting Hurricane Shutters
- 13. 13 Comprehensive Intervention – Cost Matrix Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Level 4 Level 5 Unit of Measure Building Elements Definition Sub- elements Summary Intervention Intervention Definition S T R U C T U R A L R E T R O F I T This would involve inspections and review of the structural systems of the building and provide solutions which will enhance and improve the performance of the structure. It would involve the conditions of structural elements - Beams Introduce new columns so as to improve redundancy of structure All structural retrofit will require the detailed inspection and design input of a registered, licensed or professional structural/civil engineer nr Columns Install bracing wall to increase rigidity of structure m2 Floors Stiffening of an existing floor and tying it into the walls m2 Walls Increase capacity of columns lm
- 14. 14 Comprehensive Intervention – Cost Matrix Levels Interventions Work Package 1 2 3 4 5 Building Elements Definition Sub- elements Summary Intervention Intervention Definition Unit of Measure Quantity Unit of Cost Total Cost
- 15. 15 Building Codes and Construction Guidelines ✓ Prescriptive document that can be used for the construction of simple buildings & adopted by owners, contractors and development control authorities as a workmanship performance standard; ✓ Providing graphical best practice illustrations of the construction principles, and repair and retrofit methodologies; ✓ Producing a document which could be referenced in contract for small building works as a standard; ✓ Developing construction details for building retrofit & climate resilient construction