Session Harmonization 3c - Disan 1 swap experiences uganda
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The document summarizes Uganda's experience transitioning from project-based water and sanitation support to Sector Wide Approaches (SWAPs). Key points include: - SWAPs aim to support single government-led sector policies, plans and programs with common donor approaches. - Uganda adopted SWAPs in 2002, establishing a unified policy, investment plan, and joint donor program to improve coordination. - SWAPs allow for stronger government leadership, common monitoring frameworks, and more aligned donor procedures compared to fragmented project support. - However, SWAPs also face challenges in Uganda like inadequate and untimely sector financing, capacity issues, and environmental degradation.
Session Harmonization 3c - Disan 1 swap experiences uganda
- 1. SWAP Experiences in the water and Sanitation Sub-sector in Uganda By Eng. Disan K. Ssozi Ministry of Water & Environment, Uganda 04/28/10
- 2. Presentation Outline Definition of SWAP Background to SWAP in Uganda’s WS sector Transition from Projects to SWAP Sector institutional framework and roles Sector Coordination Framework Comparison of experiences between Projects and SWAP Main Sector challenges under SWAP Next steps…….. Sector Coordinatio 04/28/10
- 3. SWAP Definition The SWAP is a mechanism whereby Government, and Development Partners support a single sub-sector policy , development plan and programme , which is under Government leadership and follows common approaches . 04/28/10
- 4. Background to SWAP in Uganda’s WS sector Sector reforms were carried out to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of service delivery Key strategies from the reforms include:- Revised sector institutional framework and roles (decentralized WSS service delivery) increased private sector participation and Sector strategic investment plan (SIP ) adoption of one programme and a Sector Wide Approach (SWAP) for rural water and sanitation 04/28/10
- 5. Sector Local Governmen t - • • Local DWO/DHI/DCDO/DES X 79 • 04/28/10 Roles and Institutional Framework District level Community level Uganda WSS Institutional Framework National Level Service Delivery Support to Communities GoveGovt Local Govt CBOs MOH MFPED MWE MoLG MoES MGLSD DWD/DWRM/DEA NGOs/ Private Sector Communities Local Govt O&M Policy setting Regulation Monitoring Overall planning & coordination Quality assurance and guidance Capacity development DWO/DHI/DCDO/DES
- 6. Transition from Projects to SWAP SWAP was adopted in 2002 with the following : Single water policy (1999) Single Water & Sanitation Sub-sector Investment Plan 2000 - 2015 (SIP) with annual targets & expenditure requirements; Sector Investment Model (SIM) - guides planning & resource allocation within the sector Joint Water and Sanitation Sector Programme Support (JWSSPS) 2008 - 2012 Government leadership of the sector/programme, in partnership with sector Development Partners/Donors 04/28/10
- 7. … from projects to SWAP….(cont Common sector approaches , with gradually increasing alignment to government procedures (for planning, implementation/procurement, reporting, financial disbursement and accounting) Agreed sector coordination framework Common sector performance measurement framework (SPMF)/key indicators for monitoring performance/progress (and an annual Sector Performance Report (SPR) 04/28/10
- 8. Sector Coordination Framework Water Policy Committee (statutory body for policy advice to the Hon. Minister) Water & Sanitation Sub-sector Working Group (for discussion of policy/ key issues affecting sector performance, now under the Water & Environment Sector Working Group) Annual Joint Sector Reviews (JSRs) and Joint Technical Reviews (JTRs) - multi-stakeholder fora District Water and Sanitation Coordination Committees Uganda Water and Sanitation Sector NGO Network (UWASNET ) – secretariat for umbrella organization for coordination of approx. 150 member sector NGOs; WASH-Cluster for emergency WSS 04/28/10
- 9. Comparison of experiences between Projects and SWAP 04/28/10 Projects SWAP Accountability is more to the respective DP than GOU (-) … both to donors, GOU and other sector stakeholders (+) Monitoring of overall sector performance difficult; no commonly agreed indicators (-) … done using agreed (11No.) key indicators & thru annual joint sector reviews, JSRs (+) Reporting (financial and physical) fragmented due to donor specific requirements. Too many bank A/Cs … is made simpler thru one consolidated report to DPs & GOU. No. of Bank A/Cs reduced. (+) Innovations/new approaches easy to pilot and/or introduce (+) … difficult to develop and promote due to bureaucracy and emphasis on target achievement (-)
- 10. Comparison of experiences between Projects and SWAP- cont… 04/28/10 Projects SWAP Heterogeneity of different areas can be taken into account (+) … is barely taken into account as a uniform approach tends to be taken for all districts (-) Staff paid adequately, sanctions for poor performance and structures according to need (+) … salaries are lower, rarely or no sanctions, staff structure may not reflect actual needs (-) Financial flows usually adequate, timely and insulated from budget cuts (+) … usually inadequate, untimely releases and affected by budget cuts (-) Procurement can be done in bulk for many district LGs for economies of scale (+) … suffers from dis-economies of scale (-)
- 11. Comparison of experiences between Projects and SWAP- cont… 04/28/10 Projects SWAP Inflation usually is not properly regulated (Projects usually can spend as much funding as they can attract) (+) … regulated thru annual budget ceilings based on macro-economic considerations (-) Rationale for prioritization of sectors for funding not clear. Development Partners can place different conditions for support/release of funds on the government (+/-) … DPs and government agree to common conditions for disbursement (-)
- 12. Main Sector challenges under SWAP Inadequate sector financing (declined from 4.9% in 2004/05 to 2.4% in 2008/09 of the national budget) Increasing costs of service delivery Poor O&M of water facilities and inequitable district water supply and sanitation coverages. Inadequate Local Government capacities (for efficient and effective service delivery) Sector regulation for WRM & Urban-WSS Sanitation Environmental degradation (pollution, deforestation, etc) 04/28/10
- 13. Next steps…………. National Development Plan (NDP) 2010/11 – 2014/15 with priority on economic development Water and environment now merged into one sector for synergy effects in environmental protection Joint Budget Support and Assessment Framework (JBSF/JAF) with agreed annual sector targets and policy or other actions e.g. value for money studies, procurement audits, etc Country Water Resources Assistance Strategy with justification of economic benefits of investments in W&S (to lobby for increased sector financing allocation) Implementation of IWRM thru Water Resources Mgt Zones, 04/28/10
- 14. Next steps ………….(continued) Ring-fenced/dedicated financing for sanitation at local government level Continued Capacity development and support thru regional/ de-concetrated W&S sub-sector support structures (TSUs for rural W&S, WSDFs and O&M/Umbrella Organizations for piped water in small towns (outside the NWSC) Sensitization and enforcement of WRM regulations for water releases, abstraction and waste discharge Regulation of urban WS (initially by MWE and independent in the long-term) Tree planting (by the community, public and private sector) Wetlands demarcation, reclamation and protection 04/28/10
- 15. THE END For more information, visit www:mwe.go.ug I thank you! Je vous remercie! 04/28/10