[系列活動] 資料探勘速遊 - Session4 case-studies
20 likes4,286 views
This document discusses applying data mining techniques to analyze active users on Reddit. It defines active users as those who posted or commented in at least 5 subreddits and have at least 5 posts/comments in each subreddit. The preprocessing steps extract over 25,000 active users and their posts from the raw Reddit data. K-means clustering is then used to cluster the active users into 10 groups based on their activities to gain insights into different types of active users on Reddit.
![Post-processing
Q1: Do you think subreddit A and subreddit B are related?
[ yes | no ]
Q2: If you are subscriber of subreddit A, will you also be interested in subreddit
B?
Definitely No [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 ] Definitely Yes
45
Dependency
Expected Confidence](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/session4-case-studies-170114072124/85/Session4-case-studies-45-320.jpg)
![Preprocessing
Total posts in May2015: 54,504,410
Total distinct authors in May2015: 2,611,449
After deleting BOTs, [deleted], non-English, only-URL posts, and length < 3 posts,
we got 46,936,791 rows and 2,514,642 distinct authors.
Finally, we extracted 25,298 “active users” (0.97%)
and 5,007,845 posts (9.18%) by our active users
definitions
62](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/session4-case-studies-170114072124/85/Session4-case-studies-62-320.jpg)
[系列活動] 資料探勘速遊 - Session4 case-studies
- 1. Case Studies Yi-Shin Chen Institute of Information Systems and Applications Department of Computer Science National Tsing Hua University yishin@gmail.com Many slides provided by Tan, Steinbach, Kumar for book “Introduction to Data Mining” are adapted in this presentation
- 2. Case: Mining Reddit Data 不指定特定目標的Cases 2
- 4. Reddit: The Front Page of the Internet 50k+ on this set
- 5. Subreddit Categories ▷Reddit’s structure may already provide a baseline similarity
- 9. 9
- 10. Data Mining Final Project Role-Playing Games Sales Prediction Group 6
- 11. Dataset • Use Reddit comment dataset • Data Selection – Choose 30 Role-playing games from the subreddits. – Choose useful attributes form their comment • Body • Score • Subreddit 11
- 12. 12
- 13. Preprocessing • Common Game Features – Drop trivial words • We manually build the trivial words dictionary by ourselves. – Ex : “is” “the” “I” “you” “we” “a”. – TF-IDF • We use Tf-IDF to calculate the importance of each words. 13
- 14. Preprocessing – TF-IDF result • But the TF-IDF value are too small to find the significant importance. – Define Comment Feature • We manually define the common gaming words in five categories by referring several game website. Game-Play | Criticize | Graphic | Music | Story 14
- 15. Preprocessing • Filtering useful comments – Common keywords of 5 categories: – Filtering useful comments • Using the frequent keywords to find out the useful comments in each category. 15
- 16. Preprocessing – Using FP-Growth to find other feature • To Find other frequent keywords {time, play, people, gt, limited} {time, up, good, now, damage, gear, way, need, build, better, d3, something, right, being, gt, limited} • Then, manually choose some frequent keywords 16
- 17. Preprocessing • Comment Emotion – Filtering outliers • First filter out those comment whose “score” separate in top and bottom 2.5% which indicate that they might be outliers. 17
- 18. Preprocessing – Emotion detection • We use LIWC dictionary to calculate each comment’s positive and negative emotion percentage. Ex: I like this game. -> positive EX: I hate this character. -> negative • Then find each category’s positive and negative emotion score. – 𝑆𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑒 𝑒𝑎𝑐ℎ_𝑐𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑔𝑜𝑟𝑦_𝑃= 𝑗=0 𝑛 𝑠𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑒_𝑒𝑎𝑐ℎ_𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑗 * (positive words) – 𝑆𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑒 𝑒𝑎𝑐ℎ_𝑐𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑔𝑜𝑟𝑦_𝑁= 𝑗=0 𝑛 𝑠𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑒_𝑒𝑎𝑐ℎ_𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑗 * (negative words) – 𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙𝑆𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑒 𝑒𝑎𝑐ℎ_𝑐𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑔𝑜𝑟𝑦= 𝑖=0 𝑚 𝑠𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑒_𝑒𝑎𝑐ℎ_𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑚 – 𝐹𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑙𝑆𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑒 𝑒𝑎𝑐ℎ_𝑐𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑔𝑜𝑟𝑦_𝑃 = 𝑆𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑒 𝑒𝑎𝑐ℎ_𝑐𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑔𝑜𝑟𝑦_𝑃/ 𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙𝑆𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑒 𝑒𝑎𝑐ℎ_𝑐𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑔𝑜𝑟𝑦 – 𝐹𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑙𝑆𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑒 𝑒𝑎𝑐ℎ_𝑐𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑔𝑜𝑟𝑦_𝑁 = 𝑆𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑒 𝑒𝑎𝑐ℎ_𝑐𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑔𝑜𝑟𝑦_𝑁/ 𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙𝑆𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑒 𝑒𝑎𝑐ℎ_𝑐𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑔𝑜𝑟𝑦 18
- 19. Preprocessing – Emotion detection • We use LIWC dictionary to calculate each comment’s positive and negative emotion percentage. Ex: I like this game. -> positive EX: I hate this character. -> negative • Then find each category’s positive and negative emotion score. 19 The meaning is : Finding each category’s emotion score for each game Calculating TotalScore of each category’s comments Having the average emotion score FinalScore of each category
- 20. Preprocessing • Sales Data Extraction – Crawling website’s data – Find the games’ sales on each platform 20
- 21. Preprocessing – Annually sales for each game – Median of each platform – Mean of all platform Median : 0.17 -> 30 games (26H 4L) Mean : 0.533 -> 30 games (18H 12L) – Try both of Median/ Mean to do the prediction. 21
- 22. Sales Prediction • Model Construction – We use the 4 outputs from pre-processing step to be the input of the Naïve Bayes classifier 22
- 23. Evaluation We use naïve Bayes to evaluate our result 1. training 70% & test30% 2. Leave-one-out 23
- 24. Evaluation (train70% & test30% ) 0.67 0.78 0.67 0.56 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1 Accuracy Median 0.17 Test1 Total_score Test1 No Total_score Test2 Total_score Test2 No Total_score 0.78 0.44 0.56 0.22 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1 Accuracy Mean 0.533 Test1 Total_score Test1 No Total_score Test2 Total_score Test2 No Total_score 24
- 25. Evaluation(Leave-one-out) Choose 29 games as training data and the other one as test data, and totally run 30times to get the accuracy. Total 30 times Accuracy Median Total_score 7 times wrong 77% Median NO Total_score 5 times wrong 83% Mean Total_score 6 times wrong 80% Mean No Total_score 29 times wrong 3% 25
- 26. Attributes: Original Features Scores HL Median: 0.17M Mean: 0.53M Attribute distribution to target(sales) domain Sales boundary for H and L class H, L Sales class Error Times Accuracy Median 5 83% Mean 29 3% Evaluation: Leave-one-Out Total Sample size: 30 26
- 27. Attributes: Transformed Features Scores Boundary Error Times Accuracy Median 7 77% Mean 6 80% HL Median: 0.17M Mean: 0.53M Attribute distribution project to target(sales) domain Sales boundary for H and L class H, L Sales class Evaluation: Leave-one-Out Total Sample size: 30 27
- 28. Finding related subreddits based on the gamers’ participation Data Mining Final Project Group#4
- 29. Goal & Hypothesis - To suggest new subreddits to the Gaming subreddit users based on the participation of other users 29
- 30. Data Exploration We extracted the Top 20 gaming related subreddits to be focused on. 30 leagueoflegends DestinyTheGame DotA2 GlobalOffensive Gaming GlobalOffensiveTrade witcher hearthstone Games 2007scape smashbros wow Smite heroesofthestorm EliteDangerous FIFA Guildwars2 tf2 summonerswar runescape
- 31. 31 Data Exploration (Cont.) We sorted the subreddits by users’ comment activities. We found out that the most active subreddit is Leagueoflegends.
- 33. Data Pre-processing - Removed comments from moderators and bots (>2,000 comments) - Removed comments from default subreddits - Extracted all the users that commented on at least 3 subreddits - Transformed data into “Market Basket” transactions: 159,475 users 33
- 34. 34 Processing Sorted the frequent items (sort.js) Eg. DotA2, Neverwinter, atheism → DotA2, atheism, Neverwinter
- 35. 35 Processing - Choosing the minimum support from 159,475 Transactions - Max possible support 25.71% (at least in 41,004 Transactions) - Min possible support 0.0000062% (at least in 1 Transaction) Min_Support as 0.05 % = 79.73 transactions
- 36. 36 Processing - How a FP-Growth tree looks like
- 37. 37 Processing - Our FP-Growth (minimum support = 1% at least in 1,595 transactions )
- 38. 38 Processing - Our FP-Growth (minimum support = 5% at least in 7,974 transactions)
- 41. 41 Processing Our minimum support = 0.8% (at least in 1,276 transactions) Games -> politics Support : 1.30% (2,073 users) Confidence : 8.30%
- 42. We classified the rules in 4 groups based on their confidence Post-processing 42 1% - 20% 21% - 40% 41% - 60% 61% - 100% Group #1 Group #2 Group #3 Group #4
- 43. - {Antecedent} → {Consequent} eg. {FIFA, Soccer} → {NFL} - Lift ratio = confidence / Benchmark confidence - Benchmark confidence = # consequent element in data set / total transactions in data set Post-processing 43 1.00
- 44. Post-processing 44 We created 8 surveys with 64 rules (2 rules per group) and 2 questions per rules.
- 45. Post-processing Q1: Do you think subreddit A and subreddit B are related? [ yes | no ] Q2: If you are subscriber of subreddit A, will you also be interested in subreddit B? Definitely No [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 ] Definitely Yes 45 Dependency Expected Confidence
- 46. ●We got response from 52 persons ●Data Confidence vs Expected Confidence → Lift Over Expected Post-processing 46
- 47. ●% Non-related was proportion of the “No” answer to entire response in first question. ●Interestingness = Average of Expected confidence * % Non-related. Post-processing 47
- 49. Results 49 ●How we can suggest new subreddits then? 1% - 20%61% - 100% Group #1Group #4 Less Confidence High Interestingness High Confidence Less Interestingness
- 50. Results 50 ●Suggest them As: 1% - 20%61% - 100% Group #1Group #4 Maybe you could be Interested in... Other People also talks about….
- 51. Results 51 ●Results from Group# 4 ( 9 Rules )
- 52. Results 52 ●Results from Group# 1 ( 173 Rules )
- 54. Challenges - Reducing scope of data for decreasing computational time - Defining and calculating the interestingness value - How to suggest the rules that we got to reddit users 54
- 55. Conclusion - We cannot be sure that our recommendation system will be 100% useful to user since the interestingness can vary depending on the purpose of the experiment - To getting more accurate result, we need to ask all generated association rules, more than 300 rules in survey 55
- 56. References - Liu, B. (2000). Analyzing the subjective interestingness of association rules. 15(5), 47-55. doi:10.1109/5254.889106 - Calculating Lift, How We Make Smart Online Product Recommendations (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DeZFe1LerAQ) - Reddit website (https://www.reddit.com/) 56
- 57. Application of Data Mining Techniques on Active Users in Reddit 57
- 58. Raw data Preprocessing Clustering & Evaluation Knowledge Data Mining Process 58
- 59. Facts - Why Active Users? ** http://www.pewinternet.org/2013/07/03/6-of-online-adults-are-reddit-users/ 59
- 60. Facts - Why Active Users? ** http://www.snoosecret.com/statistics-about-reddit.html 60
- 61. Active Users Definitions We define active users as people who : 1. who had posted or commented in at least 5 subreddits 2. who has at least 5 Posts or Comments in each of the subreddits 3. # of Users’ comments above Q3 4. Average Score of the User, who satisfies three criteria above > Q3 61
- 62. Preprocessing Total posts in May2015: 54,504,410 Total distinct authors in May2015: 2,611,449 After deleting BOTs, [deleted], non-English, only-URL posts, and length < 3 posts, we got 46,936,791 rows and 2,514,642 distinct authors. Finally, we extracted 25,298 “active users” (0.97%) and 5,007,845 posts (9.18%) by our active users definitions 62
- 63. Clustering: # of clusters (K) = 10 , k = √(n/2), k = √(√(n/2)) using python sklearn module - KMeans(), open source - KPrototypes() K-means, K- prototype 63
- 64. Attributes author = 1 subreddit = C (frequency: 27>others) activity = 27/(11+6+27+17+3) = 0.42 assurance = 3/1 = 3 64
- 67. Evaluation Separate data into 3 parts, A, B, C. K-means && K-prototype for AB, AC Compare labels of A which was from clustering result of AB, AC. Measurement: Adjusted Rand index: measure similarity between two list. (Ex. AB-A & AC- A) Homogeneity: each cluster contains only members of a single class Completeness: all members of a given class are assigned to the same cluster. V-measure: harmonic mean of homogeneity & completeness data A B C data A B C 67
- 68. Evaluation: K-means v.s. K-prototype K-means K-prototype Adjusted Rand index 0.510904 0.193399 Homogeneity 0.803911 0.326116 Completeness 0.681669 0.298049 V-measure 0.737761 0.311451 68
- 69. VISUALIZATION 69
- 70. 70
- 72. 72
- 73. 73
- 74. 74
- 75. RapidMiner 75
- 76. Weka 76
- 77. Orange 77
- 78. Kibana 78