Setting UIAutomation free with Appium
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The document discusses problems with Apple's UIAutomation testing framework and proposes a solution called Appium. UIAutomation only runs in Instruments and is limited by only supporting JavaScript. Appium allows controlling UIAutomation from the command line in any language and adds real-time control. It works by having JavaScript commands communicate with scripts through files or a web server, allowing tests to integrate mobile and web testing and reuse non-JavaScript code. The document provides instructions for setting up Appium and coding tests similarly to Selenium.
![Command Line Control
/usr/bin/instruments
-t templatePath (path to Automation.tracetemplate)
(path to compiled ios application)
-e UIASCRIPT (path to UIAutomation javascript test)
-e UIARESULTSPATH (path where results will be saved)
[-w device udid]
/usr/bin/xcodebuild (run inside project.xcodeproj)
-sdk (sdk version)
-target (build target)
[-scheme (scheme)]
TARGETED_DEVICE_FAMILY=1|2 (1=iPhone, 2=iPad)](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/mobiletestsummit-150713132217-lva1-app6891/85/Setting-UIAutomation-free-with-Appium-7-320.jpg)
![Pre-Requisites
install Xcode
install Xcode Command Line Tools
Set up a ~/.appium file
[appium]
username = an_osx_admin_username
password = an_osx_admin_password
OPTIONAL
sudo easy_install pip
sudo pip install bottle (required for webdriver server)
sudo pip install selenium (required to code against the webdriver
server)](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/mobiletestsummit-150713132217-lva1-app6891/85/Setting-UIAutomation-free-with-Appium-12-320.jpg)
![Coding Appium like Selenium
from selenium import webdriver
command_url = “http://localhost:4723/wd/hub”
iphone = webdriver.DesiredCapabilities.IPHONE
driver = webdriver.Remote(command_url, iphone)
fields = driver.find_elements_by_tag_name('textField’)
fields[0].send_keys(3)
fields[1].send_keys(4)
buttons = driver.find_elements_by_tag_name('button’)
buttons[0].click()](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/mobiletestsummit-150713132217-lva1-app6891/85/Setting-UIAutomation-free-with-Appium-14-320.jpg)
Setting UIAutomation free with Appium
- 1. Setting Apple’s UIAutomation Free with Appium Dan Cuellar d@zoosk.com Lead Software Engineer, Test Team
- 2. Overview The Problem The Solution Run UIAutomation From The Command Line Break It Out Of Javascript Control it in Real-Time How to Code With Appium Demo Odds & Ends
- 3. The Problem
- 4. The Problem w/ UIAutomation runs only in Instruments.app must be written in Javascript does not support realtime control many useful js methods (e.g. HTTP requests) have been removed difficult to build libraries and re-use code cannot integrate w/ existing Selenium automation requires adding http servers to your app’s source code
- 5. The Solution
- 6. Solving the Problem need command line control needs to run on the simulator and real devices need to break out of javascript need realtime control should not require you to add code to your app shoud not require the application source code
- 7. Command Line Control /usr/bin/instruments -t templatePath (path to Automation.tracetemplate) (path to compiled ios application) -e UIASCRIPT (path to UIAutomation javascript test) -e UIARESULTSPATH (path where results will be saved) [-w device udid] /usr/bin/xcodebuild (run inside project.xcodeproj) -sdk (sdk version) -target (build target) [-scheme (scheme)] TARGETED_DEVICE_FAMILY=1|2 (1=iPhone, 2=iPad)
- 8. Breaking Out Of Javascript No HTTP Web Requests in UIAutomation JS However… host.performTaskWithPathArgumentsTimeout() can run all your favorite shell commands so with friends like cat, curl, and python who needs Javascript and its HTTP web request methods … and Don’t Forget the AppleScript (comes in handy when you need to dismiss OS permissions dialogs)
- 9. Making It Real-Time Technique 1, file based communication Javascript loop looking for sequentially number files in a predetermined folder for commands Have your program write raw javascript to the file Read the file using cat Run the command using eval() Write the sequentially numbered response file using whatever you like (I chose python) Technique 2, setup a proxy web service Curl to ask if there’s a command you should run Curl back posting the result
- 10. Result Now you can control UIAutomation from any language that can write files or make web requests You can reuse all that non javascript based (java, c#, python, ruby, php) automation code you have for your selenium tests Run tests that use a web browser and an iOS device at the same time The possibilities are endless
- 11. Coding w/ Appium
- 12. Pre-Requisites install Xcode install Xcode Command Line Tools Set up a ~/.appium file [appium] username = an_osx_admin_username password = an_osx_admin_password OPTIONAL sudo easy_install pip sudo pip install bottle (required for webdriver server) sudo pip install selenium (required to code against the webdriver server)
- 13. Running Appium git clone git://github.com/hugs/appium To launch the UIAutomation javascript interpretter python appium.py “/path/to/my.app” To launch the webdriver server Python server.py “/path/to/my.app”
- 14. Coding Appium like Selenium from selenium import webdriver command_url = “http://localhost:4723/wd/hub” iphone = webdriver.DesiredCapabilities.IPHONE driver = webdriver.Remote(command_url, iphone) fields = driver.find_elements_by_tag_name('textField’) fields[0].send_keys(3) fields[1].send_keys(4) buttons = driver.find_elements_by_tag_name('button’) buttons[0].click()
- 15. Demo
- 16. Odds & Ends
- 17. Failed Prototypes Applescript iOS Simulator Automation Did not work on actual devices Seemed to be highly sensitive to iOS and OS X version Not a reliable Javascript Server Within UIAutomation I could not get a server booted up while running in Instruments
- 18. Pitfalls Bug in UIAutomation causes 1 second delay between commands I get around this by sending batches of commands Noticed NIBs and XIBs are supported while storyboards are a more of a crapshoot It’s tricky to make elements accessible in objective C Some controls (UISegmentedControl) are missing supported accessibility methods Applying a label to text will hinder your ability to read the text in the control (you need to encapsulate it)
- 19. Resources Appium Project https://github.com/hugs/appium or http://appium.io Discussion https://groups.google.com/d/forum/appium-discuss