Sewizg512 ooad cs01_introduction
- 1. BITS Pilani Pilani|Dubai|Goa|Hyderabad SEWI ZG512 Object Oriented Analysis and Design Harvinder S Jabbal CS-1: Introduction October 10, 2020 SEWI ZG512 Object Oriented Analysis and Design 1
- 2. BITS Pilani, Deemed to be University under Section 3 of UGC Act, 1956 • It shall be the responsibility of the individual student to be regular in maintaining the self-study schedule as given in the course handout, attend the lectures, and take all the prescribed evaluation components such as Assignment/Quiz, Mid-Semester Test and Comprehensive Exam according to the evaluation scheme provided in the handout. responsibility of the individual student October 10, 2020 SEWI ZG512 Object Oriented Analysis and Design 2
- 3. BITS Pilani Pilani|Dubai|Goa|Hyderabad CS1.1 = Explanation of the material to be covered in this course October 10, 2020 SEWI ZG512 Object Oriented Analysis and Design 3
- 4. BITS Pilani, Deemed to be University under Section 3 of UGC Act, 1956 1. The teaching methodology consists of Lectures, Lab exercises, Work integrated learning activities and / or project work. 2. The methodology will also include Case studies to illustrate design of real life software, key challenges in design of software and best practices used in the industry. Teaching Methodology October 10, 2020 SEWI ZG512 Object Oriented Analysis and Design 4
- 5. BITS Pilani, Deemed to be University under Section 3 of UGC Act, 1956 Time Type Sequence Content Reference Pre CH Not Applicable During CH CH1.1 CS1.1 = Explanation of the material to be covered in this course Post CH SS1 SS1.1 = Read Preface from Text: T1 HW1 HW1.1 = Visit http://www.uml-diagrams.org LE1 None QZ1 QZ1.1 = List the main diagram types available under uml 2.0 Lab Reference M0: Introduction CS01: October 10, 2020 SEWI ZG512 Object Oriented Analysis and Design 5
- 6. BITS Pilani, Deemed to be University under Section 3 of UGC Act, 1956 OOAD October 10, 2020 SEWI ZG512 Object Oriented Analysis and Design 6 Topics and Skills UML notation Requirements analysis Principles and guidelines Patterns Iterative development with an agile Unified Process OOA/D
- 7. BITS Pilani Pilani|Dubai|Goa|Hyderabad Modules October 10, 2020 SEWI ZG512 Object Oriented Analysis and Design 7
- 8. BITS Pilani, Deemed to be University under Section 3 of UGC Act, 1956 No Title of the Module M1 Introduction Fundamentals of Object oriented approach Characteristics of good design Overview of OOAD Overview of Unified Process for software development M2 Requirement gathering Use cases – Actors, goals (needs), scenarios Different formats to write use cases Use case diagram – Include & Extend relationship M3 Analysis Static analysis Conceptual Classes & Associations Class diagram – Sub class, Association class, Association role, Aggregation & Composition, Reflexive associations Dynamic analysis Swim lanes Activity diagram State diagram System sequence diagram Operation Contracts Modules October 10, 2020 SEWI ZG512 Object Oriented Analysis and Design 8
- 9. BITS Pilani, Deemed to be University under Section 3 of UGC Act, 1956 No Title of the Module M4 Design Identification of Software classes Realizing use cases & assigning responsibilities to Classes using Sequence diagram or Collaboration diagram Sequence diagram – Iteration, conditional interactions Software class diagram Visibility among objects Package diagram M5 Best practices GRASP (General Responsibility Assignment Software Patterns) Information Expert, Creator, Low coupling, High cohesion, Controller, Polymorphism, Protected variation, Indirection, Pure fabrication Gang of Four (GoF) Patterns Adaptor, Composite, Facade, Factory, Singleton, Strategy, Observer, Iterator Modules October 10, 2020 SEWI ZG512 Object Oriented Analysis and Design 9
- 10. BITS Pilani Pilani|Dubai|Goa|Hyderabad About the Course October 10, 2020 SEWI ZG512 Object Oriented Analysis and Design 10
- 11. BITS Pilani, Deemed to be University under Section 3 of UGC Act, 1956 No Objective CO1 To enable students to design software that is easy to understand, easy to maintain, and is modular and extensible CO2 To enable students to evaluate the quality of software design Course Objectives October 10, 2020 SEWI ZG512 Object Oriented Analysis and Design 11
- 12. BITS Pilani, Deemed to be University under Section 3 of UGC Act, 1956 Ser. Text Book(s) T1 Craig Larman, Applying UML and Patterns: An Introduction to Object-Oriented Analysis and Design and Iterative Development, Pearson Education, 3nd Ed., 2012 T2 Erich Gamma et al., Design Patterns: Elements of Reusable Object-Oriented Software, 1994 Text Book(s)/Reference Book(s) & other resources October 10, 2020 SEWI ZG512 Object Oriented Analysis and Design 12 Ser. Reference Book(s) & other resources R1 Michael Blaha, James Rambaugh, Object-Oriented Modelling & Design with UML, Pearson, 2nd Ed., 2005. R2 http://www.uml-diagrams.org
- 13. BITS Pilani, Deemed to be University under Section 3 of UGC Act, 1956 No Learning Outcomes LO1 Students will know the characteristics of good design LO2 Students will know how to gather requirements, analyse requirements and design software for them LO3 Students will know the best practices used in industry to design software LO4 Students will be able to document design using UML diagrams LO5 Students will be able to design software classes for simple systems L06 Students will be able to evaluate quality of software design Learning Outcomes: October 10, 2020 SEWI ZG512 Object Oriented Analysis and Design 13
- 14. BITS Pilani Pilani|Dubai|Goa|Hyderabad Some Typical Case October 10, 2020 SEWI ZG512 Object Oriented Analysis and Design 14
- 15. BITS Pilani, Deemed to be University under Section 3 of UGC Act, 1956 A typical case Study October 10, 2020 SEWI ZG512 Object Oriented Analysis and Design 15 Plane tailNumber public class Plane { private String tailNumber; public List getFlightHistory() {...} } domain concept visualization of domain concept representation in an object-oriented programming language
- 16. BITS Pilani, Deemed to be University under Section 3 of UGC Act, 1956 Player name DiceGame Die faceValue Rolls Plays Includes 2 2 1 1 1 1 Domain Model October 10, 2020 SEWI ZG512 Object Oriented Analysis and Design 16
- 17. BITS Pilani, Deemed to be University under Section 3 of UGC Act, 1956 A Sequence Diagram Sketch October 10, 2020 SEWI ZG512 Object Oriented Analysis and Design 17
- 18. BITS Pilani, Deemed to be University under Section 3 of UGC Act, 1956 2 Die faceValue : int getFaceValue() : int roll() DiceGame die1 : Die die2 : Die play() 1 A Class Diagram October 10, 2020 SEWI ZG512 Object Oriented Analysis and Design 18
- 19. BITS Pilani, Deemed to be University under Section 3 of UGC Act, 1956 Conceptual Perspective (domain model) Raw UML class diagram notation used to visualize real-world concepts. Specification or Implementation Perspective (design class diagram) Raw UML class diagram notation used to visualize software elements. 2 Die faceValue : int getFaceValue() : int roll() DiceGame die1 : Die die2 : Die play() DiceGame Die faceValue Includes 2 1 Analysis and Design October 10, 2020 SEWI ZG512 Object Oriented Analysis and Design 19
- 20. BITS Pilani Pilani|Dubai|Goa|Hyderabad Software Development Life Cycle October 10, 2020 SEWI ZG512 Object Oriented Analysis and Design 20
- 21. BITS Pilani, Deemed to be University under Section 3 of UGC Act, 1956 • Waterfall, • Unified Process, • Agile This course emphasizes the Unified Process. The Agile Manifesto and its implementation is stressed. SDLC Models October 10, 2020 SEWI ZG512 Object Oriented Analysis and Design 21
- 22. BITS Pilani, Deemed to be University under Section 3 of UGC Act, 1956 UNIFIED PROCESS phases inc. elaboration construction transition iteration phase development cycle release A stable executable subset of the final product. The end of each iteration is a minor release. increment The difference (delta) between the releases of 2 subsequent iterations. final production release At this point, the system is released for production use. milestone An iteration end- point when some significant decision or evaluation occurs. October 10, 2020 SEWI ZG512 Object Oriented Analysis and Design 22
- 23. BITS Pilani, Deemed to be University under Section 3 of UGC Act, 1956 Iterative Process Requirements Design Implementation & Test & Integration & More Design Final Integration & System Test Requirements Design 3 weeks (for example) The system grows incrementally. Feedback from iteration N leads to refinement and adaptation of the requirements and design in iteration N+1. Iterations are fixed in length, or timeboxed. Time Implementation & Test & Integration & More Design Final Integration & System Test October 10, 2020 SEWI ZG512 Object Oriented Analysis and Design 23
- 24. BITS Pilani, Deemed to be University under Section 3 of UGC Act, 1956 UNIFIED PROCESS disciplines Iterations Sample UP Disciplines Business Modeling Requirements Design Implementation Test Deployment Configuration & Change Management Project Management Environment Focus of this book Note that although an iteration includes work in most disciplines, the relative effort and emphasis change over time. This example is suggestive, not literal. A four-week iteration (for example). A mini-project that includes work in most disciplines, ending in a stable executable. October 10, 2020 SEWI ZG512 Object Oriented Analysis and Design 24
- 25. BITS Pilani Pilani|Dubai|Goa|Hyderabad Unified Modeling Language October 10, 2020 SEWI ZG512 Object Oriented Analysis and Design 25
- 26. BITS Pilani, Deemed to be University under Section 3 of UGC Act, 1956 “The Unified Modeling Language is a family of graphical notations, backed by a single meta-model, that help in describing and designing software systems, particularly software systems built using the object-oriented style.” What is UML October 10, 2020 SEWI ZG512 Object Oriented Analysis and Design 26
- 27. BITS Pilani, Deemed to be University under Section 3 of UGC Act, 1956 UML is standardized. Its content is controlled by the Object Management Group (OMG), a consortium of companies. Unified – UML combined the best from object-oriented software modeling methodologies that were in existence during the early 1990’s. – Grady Booch, James Rumbaugh, and Ivor Jacobson are the primary contributors to UML. UML October 10, 2020 SEWI ZG512 Object Oriented Analysis and Design 27
- 28. BITS Pilani, Deemed to be University under Section 3 of UGC Act, 1956 • UML 2 supports 13 different types of diagrams • Each diagram may be expressed with varying degrees of detail • Not all diagrams need be used to model a SW system • The UML does not offer an opinion as to which diagrams would be most helpful for a particular type of project UML Diagrams October 10, 2020 SEWI ZG512 Object Oriented Analysis and Design 28
- 29. BITS Pilani, Deemed to be University under Section 3 of UGC Act, 1956 • Things – Structural things • Classes, interfaces, collaborations, use cases, components, and nodes. – Behavioral things • Messages and states – Grouping things • Packages – Annotational things • Notes • Relationships: dependency, association, generalization and realization. • Diagrams: class, object, use case, sequence, collaboration, state-chart, activity, component and deployment. A conceptual model needs to be formed by an individual to understand UML. UML contains three types of building blocks: • things, • relationships, • diagrams. A Conceptual Model of the UML October 10, 2020 SEWI ZG512 Object Oriented Analysis and Design 29
- 30. BITS Pilani Pilani|Dubai|Goa|Hyderabad Design Patterns or Principles October 10, 2020 SEWI ZG512 Object Oriented Analysis and Design 30
- 31. BITS Pilani, Deemed to be University under Section 3 of UGC Act, 1956 GRASP 1. Information Expert 2. Creator 3. Controller 4. Low Coupling 5. High Cohesion 6. Polymorphism 7. Pure Fabrication 8. Indirection 9. Protected Variation SOLID • Single responsibility • Open/Close • Liskov Substitution • Interface Segregation • Dependency Intersion OOAD Patterns or Principles October 10, 2020 SEWI ZG512 Object Oriented Analysis and Design 31
- 32. BITS Pilani, Deemed to be University under Section 3 of UGC Act, 1956 Structural Behavorial Class • Interpreter • Template Method Object • Chain of Responsibility • Command • Iterator • Mediator • Memento • Observer • State • Strategy • Visitor Patterns Creational Class • Factory Method Object • Abstract Factory Builder Prototype Singleton Class • Adapter Object • Adapter • Bridge • Composite • Decorator • Facade • Proxy • Flyweight October 10, 2020 SEWI ZG512 Object Oriented Analysis and Design 32
- 33. BITS Pilani Pilani|Dubai|Goa|Hyderabad Lab work: Detailed Plan October 10, 2020 SEWI ZG512 Object Oriented Analysis and Design 33
- 34. BITS Pilani, Deemed to be University under Section 3 of UGC Act, 1956 For Library outlined in the Course Portal, do the following using Star UML tool where ever possible: Requirement gathering – Identify the actors and their needs – Draw Use case diagram – Write use cases for Issue book & Return book Analysis – Draw the domain model for the system – Draw activity diagram for Issue book – Identify the states of a book and draw a state transition diagram for Book Design – Draw sequence diagrams to realize the use cases “Issue book” and “Return book” – Draw Software Class diagram based the analysis and design done Evaluate quality of design – Given a software class diagram, evaluate the quality of the design based on the characteristics such as Coupling, cohesion, maintainability, etc. Lab Objective (Not to be submitted) October 10, 2020 SEWI ZG512 Object Oriented Analysis and Design 34
- 35. BITS Pilani Pilani|Dubai|Goa|Hyderabad Work integrated activities: Detailed plan October 10, 2020 SEWI ZG512 Object Oriented Analysis and Design 35
- 36. BITS Pilani, Deemed to be University under Section 3 of UGC Act, 1956 Choose a system developed in your organization. (Make sure the system is not chosen by any other group). 1. Understand the purpose, functions & features supported by the system. (You may have to meet & discuss with the team that has developed the system). Submit a 1-page write up. Duration: 2 weeks 2. Understand the analysis & design of the system. (You may have to look at the design documents, speak to architect / designer). Submit Domain model, System sequence diagram for 4 main use cases, Sequence diagram or Collaboration diagram for 4 main operations and Software class diagram consisting of main classes. Duration: 3 weeks 3. Make a presentation consisting of – System overview – System analysis – Software design – Your observations on the quality of design (characteristics of good design) – Your recommendations to improve the design Duration: 2 weeks Activity description October 10, 2020 SEWI ZG512 Object Oriented Analysis and Design 36
- 37. BITS Pilani Pilani|Dubai|Goa|Hyderabad Project work: Detailed Plan October 10, 2020 SEWI ZG512 Object Oriented Analysis and Design 37
- 38. BITS Pilani, Deemed to be University under Section 3 of UGC Act, 1956 Objective of the project: Apply OOAD techniques to design of software Tasks to be performed by the students, in groups of 10/11: 1. Briefly describe a software application that you want to develop (1 week) 2. Define the requirements using Use case diagram and Use cases (1 week) 3. Analyze the requirements and create Domain model, State diagrams (2 weeks) 4. Draw the Sequence diagram for key use cases (2 weeks) 5. Draw the Software class diagram for the application (1 week) 6. Discuss: What were the key learnings from this assignment? Duration of the project: 7 weeks Appendix: 1. Product description document should contain: 2. Name of the product: 3. Purpose of the product: 4. Target users: 5. What pain point does the product try to alleviate: 6. Functions supported by the product: The Project October 10, 2020 SEWI ZG512 Object Oriented Analysis and Design 38
- 39. BITS Pilani Pilani|Dubai|Goa|Hyderabad Case studies: Detailed Plan October 10, 2020 SEWI ZG512 Object Oriented Analysis and Design 39
- 40. BITS Pilani, Deemed to be University under Section 3 of UGC Act, 1956 Case study No Case study Objective 1 Demonstrate real life Use cases 2 Demonstrate real life artifacts such as Swim lane diagram, activity diagram and state diagrams 3 Demonstrate real life Sequence diagrams 4 Demonstrate real life Software Class diagram Case Studies October 10, 2020 SEWI ZG512 Object Oriented Analysis and Design 40
- 41. BITS Pilani Pilani|Dubai|Goa|Hyderabad Thank you…. October 10, 2020 SEWI ZG512 Object Oriented Analysis and Design 41