SIGCOMM16-Tutorial-5G-SDN-NFV-part2/2.pdf

NFV/SDN & 5G
Projects
• Overview
• (Selected) Projects
• Use cases

ACM SIGCOMM Tutorial | 2016-08-22 | Page 2
Overview of SDN/NFV projects
(1/3)
Name Leader and/or
Funding
Main Contribution Focus Areas Open
Source
State
VNFs VNFM
/EMS
VIM NFVO OSS/
BSS
NFVI
OPNFV Linux Foundation An integrated and tested open source platform to accelerate the
evolution of NFV. ü ü ü l
OpenMANO Telefonica A multi-layer orchestration environment for easy creation of complex
network scenarios. Facilitates the SDN and NFV integration with cloud
services and implements a graphical user interface (GUI)
ü ü ü ü ü l
T-NOVA European Union A novel framework for deploy and management of VNFs (NFV
Marketplace) and extend SDN aspects for efficient allocation of IT
resources, network slicing, traffic redirection and QoS provision.
ü ? l
CloudNFV Dell, CIMI Corp Implementation of multi-operator federated services to provide open
access to services. Creates the required environment to composition,
deployment, and management features outside the NFV scope.
ü ü ü ü ü ü ü ?
CloudBand Alcatel-Lucent A platform which facilitates interoperability between different NFV
solutions. Besides, it makes use of industry-standard open APIs (e.g.
OpenStack and CloudStack) where the software is independent of
hardware- and cloud platform.
ü ü ü ü ü ü ?
Cloud4NFV Portugal Telecom Develop an automated infrastructure management platform for NFV
and SDN, including the deployment, configuration, and lifecycle
management of VNFs with the costumer site domains.
ü ü ü ü ?
ZOOM TM Forum An architecture based on components (physical and virtual)
dynamically assembled into personalized services. APIs to enable
automation, scalability, and agility in the virtual ecosystem.
ü ü ü ü ü l

Name Leader and/or
Funding
Source
State
VNFs VNFM/
EMS
VIM NFVO OSS/
BSS
NFVI
CALICO Metaswitch
Networks
Helping drive the migration to NFV through a solution for hyper-scale
virtual networking in cloud datacenters by interconnecting VMs, Linux
containers and bare-metal systems.
ü ü l
MCN European Union Extend the concept of cloud computing beyond data centers towards
the virtualization of the main components of a mobile network using
pure IP layer technology in order to design the next-generation
wireless network technologies.
ü ü ü l
OpenEPC Core Network
Dynamics
Build a complete mobile core network platform, offering advanced IP
mobility schemes and deployment in several configurations (including
cloud environment).
ü ü l
ClickOS European Union A minimalistic, virtualized operating system to run VNFs. ü ü ü l
Blue-PLANET Nuage
Networks/Ciena
Corporation
A network orchestration suite to automate new services (from creation
to delivery) that can be deployed across multi-vendor and multi-
domain environments.
ü ü ü l
Planet
Orchestrate
Cyan A multi-domain and multi-technology application for the Blue Planet
platform aimed at service orchestration, automation, SDN control, and
multi-vendor management capabilities.
ü ü ?
ECOMP AT&T, Linux
Foundation
Enhanced Control, Orchestration, Management and Policy software
platform to rapidly accelerate network and cloud innovation.
ü ü ü ü ü l
CORD ON.lab Central Office Re-architected as a Datacenter
ü ü ü ü l
(2/3)

Name Leader and/or
Funding
Source
State
VNFs VNFM/
EMS
VIM NFVO OSS/
BSS
NFVI
UNIFY European Union Develop an automated, dynamic service creation platform which
supports networks based on SDN and NFV technologies.
ü ü l
Catalyst TM Forum The orchestration of VNFs is done in accordance with technical
parameters and policies dynamically defined.
ü ü l
ESO Overture, acquired
by ADVA (JAN-16)?
Providing a management and orchestration solution for the entire life
cycle of any VNF both for centralized or distributed NFV
infrastructures.
ü ü* ü ü ?
ExperiaSphere CIMI Corporation An open-source model implementation for universal management and
orchestration, founded on the concept of service models.
ü ü ü ü ü ü ü ?
OPN Cisco Includes a services orchestrator, a VNF Manager, and a SDN
controller. It aims to guide networks to become more open,
programmable and automated infrastructures.
ü ü ü ?
OpenNFV HP Open-source architecture to provide an open end-to-end NFV and
SDN infrastructure, has solutions to each of the functional blocks
defined in the ETSI standards.
ü ü ü ü ü ü l
5GEx European Union Cross-domain orchestration of services over multiple administrations or
over multi-domain single administrations allowing end-to-end network
and service elements to mix in multi-vendor, heterogeneous
technology and resource environments.
ü ü ü ü l
ü* Only VNFM
(3/3)

Overview of SDN/NFV Project
approaches
Source: Rashid Mijumbi, Joan Serrat, Juan Luis Gorricho, Steven Latre, Marinos Charalambides, Diego Lopez. Management and
Orchestration Challenges in Network Function Virtualization, IEEE Communications Magazine, Jan., 2016

Overview
› Source: https://5g-ppp.eu/5g-ppp-phase-1-projects/

Unify
› Architecture to unify carrier and cloud services
› Service abstraction model and an associated domain-specific service creation
language and programming interfaces to automate and optimize the deployment
of service chains
› Advanced management and operation schemes to cope with increased
network/service agility and to handle network services end-to-end
› Design and performance of a universal node architecture based on standard
x86 components and accelerators for network functions virtualization

Unify Architecture
Source: UNIFY Deliverable 2.2 Final Architecture.pdf

Unify
› Approach
– Service Programming, Orchestration and Optimization: NFs abstractions, description
languages, algorithms for automated creation of service chains
– Service Provider DevOps: agile operations and development aids for dynamic service chains
– Unified Node Architecture (as an abstracted domain): based on commodity hardware
› Impact
– Evolve impact of European community in standard organizations (e.g., IETF, ETSI, ONF)
– Unified service operator resources abstractions

T-NOVA
› Network Functions as-a-Service over Virtualized Infrastructures
› New enabling NFV framework for operators
– Deployment of NFV concepts
– Offer to customer value-added services
– Virtual network appliances on-demand as-a-Service
– Marketplace for VNFs and services
› Third party NF development and trading
– NF resource optimization and elasticity

T-NOVA Architecture
Source: TNOVA D2.22 Overall System
Architecture and Interfaces

T-NOVA
› Approach:
– Address most of NFV design challenges
– NFV marketplace (plug-and-play NFs)
– Brokerage platform for best service bundles selection
› Impact:
– Boosting competitiveness (NFs in Function Store)
– Lower operator costs (CAPEX-to-OPEX transformation for more efficient planning)
– Promote EU standardization (e.g., ETSI)

SONATA
› NFV framework that provides a programming model and development tool chain
for virtualized services
– Network Service SDK
– Service platform
– NFV DevOps Workflow
http://www.sonata-nfv.eu/

SONATA Architecture
Source: SONATA D2.2 Architecture and Design

SONATA
› Approach
– Modular and Customizable MANO Plug-in Architecture
– Interoperable and Vendor Agnostic Framework
– Efficient Network Service Development and NFV DevOps
– 5G Slicing and Recursion Support
› Impact
– Reduce time-to-market of networked services
– Optimize resources and reduce costs of service deployment and operation
– Accelerate industry adoption of software networks

5GEx
› 5GEx pursues Abstractions and Programmability in Multi-
Provider Environments, which are key components for 5G
to achieve Service Agility and Service Diversity
› Three dimensions:
–Intra-operator multi-domain scenarios
–Multi-operator scenarios
–Business efficiency

5GEx Architecture
Source: http://www.5gex.eu/wp/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/5GEx_eucnc2015.pdf

5GEx
› Approach
– Achieve a 90-minute services setup
– Integrate monitoring instances in the developed multi-operator architecture
– Optimally solve the embedding problem of service requests into multiple operators domains
matching SLA requirements
› Impact
– Proof of innovation multi-domain platform enabling 5G use cases
– Open source software tools and extensions
– Standardization and contributions based on concepts and experiments
– Telecom and IT market to extend 5GEx open solutions

5GEx
› 5GEx: Multi-domain orchestration of software defined infrastructures
› 5GEx main mission and plans
› Enable business and technical cross-domain service orchestration over multiple
administrations,
› Realize composite services by combining cross-domain network, computing and storage
resources
› Develop suitable business models for operators to optimally buy, sell, and integrate 5GEx
services
› Build and deploy a proof-of-concept system prototype, implementing the “Sandbox Exchange”
› Contribute to relevant standard forums and Open Source communities.
Source: http://www.etsi.org/news-events/events/1025-2016-04-5g-from-myth-to-reality

CORD
Central Office Re-architected as a Datacenter
http://opencord.org
Source Material (extracted from): CORD Summit 2016 -
https://wiki.opencord.org/display/CORD/CORD+Summit+--+July+29%2C+2016

CORD
› CORD is a Vision
– A common goal the community is working towards
– Start with Business Case -> Reduce to Design Requirements
› CORD is an Architecture
– A collection of abstractions and interfaces
– Start with an Organizing Principle -> Iterate-and-Refine
› CORD is a Reference Implementation
– An integrated system built from concrete components
– Make Technology Choices -> Be More Inclusive with Time

CORD Architecture - Software
› Cloud + SDN + NFV = XaaS
Source (extracted from): CORD Summit 2016 - https://wiki.opencord.org/display/CORD/CORD+Summit+--+July+29%2C+2016

Highlights
› CORD Provides Cloud Economies and Agility
– Fully Exploits Micro-Services (Access-as-a-Service)
– Fully Exploits Disaggregation (vOLT -> vSG ->vRouter)
– Fully Exploits SDN (overlay, underlay, services)
› CORD Controller
– Assembles services from building block components
– Exports a unified interface to a collection of services
› Operators specify service graph (configuration-time interface)
› Operators and customers control services (runtime interface)

Residential-CORD - Overview

Mobile-CORD - Overview

Entrerprise-CORD - Overview

ECOMP
Enhanced Control, Orchestration, Management and Policy
[AT&T]
virtualize 75% of our network by 2020.

ECOMP Intro
› AT&T Domain 2.0 Strategy (SND + NFV + cloud)
– AT&T Integrated Cloud (AIC)
› Contribute and leveraging open source
– Cloud Standards (OpenStack, TOSCA, etc...)
› Platform uses micro-services to perform roles
› Does not directly support legacy physical elements
Source (extracted from): http://about.att.com/content/dam/snrdocs/ecomp.pdf

Platform Principles
› The architecture will be metadata-driven and policy-driven to ensure flexible
ways in which capabilities are used and delivered
› The architecture shall enable sourcing best-in-class components
› Common capabilities are ‘developed’ once and ‘used’ many times
› Core capabilities shall support many AT&T Services
› The architecture shall support elastic scaling as needs grow or shrink

ECOMP Platform

ECOMP Platform Components

ETSI Mano and AT&T ECOMP
Architectures Comparison

ECOMP Platform
Decomposition

Highlights
› ECOMP Platform assists 74 deployed AT&T Integrated Cloud nodes
› Agile development and holistic architecture
› Designed and built for real-time workloads at carrier scale
› Portal for user’s role configuration
› Active and Available Inventory keeps resources updated
› Service Catalog supporting multiple types of data input (e.g., Yang, TOSCA,
Heat, Yaml, etc)

Further projects
(incomplete list of) Related Work
https://5g-ppp.eu/5g-ppp-phase-1-projects/
Image source: http://www.5g-berlin.org

Further Projects
› SUPERFLUIDITY : achieving superfluidity in the Internet: the ability to
instantiate services on-the-fly, run them anywhere in the network (core,
aggregation, edge) and shift them transparently to different locations
http://superfluidity.eu
› Data plane processing architecture: A flexible, open and programmable 5G data
plane processing architecture and relevant APIs for network functions’
convergence
› Converged 5G platform
› New Algorithms and functions
› Ultra-fast and efficient virtualization
› Hardware adaptation and abstraction
Source: http://superfluidity.eu
› Control and provisioning framework
› Security framework
› Contribution to standardization

Further Projects
› CogNet : An NFV/SDN based architecture for Autonomic 5G Network
Managment using Machine Learning
http://www.cognet.5g-ppp.eu/
› Machine learning Smart Engine for traffic patterns analysis and computation of
network situational context
› Infrastructure virtualization based on NFV framework
› infrastructure network resource optimization – Prediction of failure and self-
healing of network services
› dynamic SLA enforcement in a NFV-SDN based architecture

Further Projects
› SELFNET: Self-organized Network Management for 5G through Virtualized
andSoftware Defined Networks
https://5g-ppp.eu/selfnet/
› A framework for automated network service provisioning and monitoring,
capable of automated deployment of network management tools, which
maximises advantages of SDN, NFV, Cloud computing, Self-organizing
networks, and Artificial intelligence
› Three key network management problem areas to tackle: Self-protection
against distributed cyber-attacks; Self-Healing for increased resiliency of 5G
networks to network failures; Self-optimization to dynamically improve the
performance of the 5G network and the QoE for users.
› Market potential and societal benefits through improved users’ quality of
experience, more secured and resilient mobile services and applications

Further Projects
› 5G-Crosshaul: Next generation of fronthaul/backhaul integrated transport network
http://5g-crosshaul.eu/
› Integration of fronthaul and backhaul traffic in a unified packet based network supporting
multiple functional splits.Service-oriented unified data plane for backhaul and fronthaul
traffic based on a common transport frame.
› Unified SDN-NFV based control plane.
› Flexible, adaptive, cost-efficient and recursive sharing of 5G-Crosshaul infrastructure
over multiple operators and service providers.
› System wide optimization of multiple policies, from QoS to energy efficiency.
› Network-aware innovative application development of mobility, multi-tenancy, energy
and resource management.
› Build and deploy a proof-of-concept prototype implementing the integrated
fronthaul/backhaul transport network in a real life testbed located in 5TONIC at Madrid
and Berlin

Further Projects
› VirtiWind: Virtual and programmable industrial network prototype deployed in
operational wind park
http://www.virtuwind.eu/
› VirtuWind mission and studied use cases
› Requirements of different industry use cases
› Realization of industry-grade QoS through SDN & NFV solutions
› Inter-domain QoS and multi operator ecosystem
› Time and Cost savings in network maintenance and service provisioning
› Ensuring security by design in SDN/NFV– based industrial networks
› Field trial and prototyping in the wind park

Further Projects
› INSTINCT: Scenarios for integration of satellite components in future networks –
Satellite–terrestrial integration opportunities in the 5G environment
https://artes.esa.int/projects/instinct
› Some of the key findings of the ESA ARTES study INSTINCT aiming to find the most
appropriate solutions for satellite and cloud networks integration.
› The study focused on how Network Functions Virtualization (NFV) and Software Defined
Networks (SDN), cornerstone technologies for the 5G networks, are providing the immediate
next step for a larger adoption of satellite as backhaul technology.
› Through the practical demonstrator and the evaluation results obtained we believe that the
INSTINCT results are highly relevant to the 5G use case definition and architecture
discussions.

SDN/NFV Use Cases
in the context of 5G
Image Source: Ericsson

Programmability for 5g
High level of flexibility and programmability in individual domains
(mobile core, radio access & transport network).
Cross-domain programmability and orchestration.
Modularity
• Well-defined
control
modules &
interfaces
• Recursive
stacking
Virtualization
• Grouping
resources into
slices
• Performance
& security
isolation
Scalability
• Hiding domain
internal details
• Choosing right
abstraction

Network Architecture
Access
Transport Transport
Packet
uW
Optical
Packet
Optical
Aggregation
Radio Cloud
BBU Pool
EPC
Core
Cloud
Core
Radio Access
BBU

End-to-End Orchestration
Virtualization
Orchestration
Network APP Network APP Network APP
… …
Transport, Radio and Cloud resources
Radio Cloud
Cloud Optical
Packet
Packet
uW
Optical
Access Aggregation
control
virtualization
control
virtualization
control
virtualization
control
virtualization control
virtualization
control
virtualization
control
virtualization
control
virtualization
Kista 5G Transport Lab

Orchestration architecture
Network App
Orchestration
Service orchestrator
Resource orchestrator
Resource orchestrator Resource orchestrator
Transport Control A Radio Control Cloud Control Transport Control B
SDN / OpenDayLight Distributed control
OpenStack incl internal DC NW
OSS / BSS

Managing complexity
Expose just enough information to make optimal resource orchestration.
Provide service
Orchestration
Layer: ~1
Domain
Controllers: 10s
Network
nodes: 1000s
Detailed
control
Technology
dependent
Simplified view
Relevant data

RAN-Transport Orchestration
Transport
Control
RAN
Control
Orchestration
Programmable Transport
Network App
(Joint Optimization)
Joint Optimization of RAN and
Transport
• Elastic Mobile Broadband
Service
• Joint RAN-Transport Slicing
(Multi-operator)
• Joint Load-balancing
• Energy saving
• Dynamic clustering
• Pooling
• Shared fronthaul
• Resilience

RAN
Control
Transport
Control
Orchestration
Macro Cell
M1 S1 M2
Small Cell
BBU 2
BBU 1
BBU 1
BBU 2
S1
M1 EPC
S1
M1
BBU 3
M2
BBU 1
BBU 2
BBU 3
EPC
Baseband
Pool
Programmable Fronthaul
Resource abstraction
fp7-unify.eu
Network App

Use-Case 1:RAN-Transport Slicing
Transport
Control
RAN
Control
Orchestration
Programmable Fronthaul (DWDM)
Service
Provider A
Service
Provider B
• Multi-operator C-RAN featuring shared BBU
pooling and shared fronthaul
• Efficient utilization of infrastructure
• Each operator can run its own joint
optimization of RAN and Transport:
• Efficient resource utilization & Energy efficiency
Baseband
Pool
BBU
To
core
BBU
BBU
BBU
BBU
BBU
BBU

Orchestrator
Programmable Fronthaul
M1
S1
BBU 2
BBU 1 Virtualization
S1
M1
BBU 1
BBU 2
Baseband
Pool
Network App
OSS / BSS
Network App
Optimization application which
1. Monitors bandwidth usage in
cells
2. Asks for additional resources:
BBU + RRU + connectivity
(If not available now à queued
in orchestrator)
3. Releases resources which are
not needed
Optimizer
EPC
Use Case 2: Elastic MBB
Operation & run-time
configuration
service
creation,
slice
setup,
policy
definition

Opt. App Orchestrator Transport CTL RAN CTL
Create joint view
Ack
Translate
Service Monitoring
Ack
Translate

RRUs
Baseband
Pool
RAN
Fronthaul
Proof of concept
Python-based Orchestrator
• Creates unified view of RAN and Fronthaul
• Maps high-level service requests to RAN
and Fronthaul resources
CLI-based RAN controller
• Activation &configuration of RAN
• Assignment of BBU resources
• Live monitoring of RAN demand
Customized OpenDaylight
• Support for circuit switching
• Optical layer abstraction
• Optical PCE
Software Components
Elastic MBB in a realistic-size scenario leads to more than 30% pooling gain in terms of
both radio (baseband processors) and fronthaul (optical wavelengths and transceivers)
resources.
source: Multi-domain orchestration across RAN and Transport for 5G, Sigcomm 2016

Flexible placement of VNFs +
flexible traffic steering
vEPC
vEPC
vEPC
Control
app
Control
app
Colocation of EPC and control app close to the user.

SDN for Wireless Networking
• Bringing programmability to
wireless networks
– User-centric networking:
personalization of services
– Agility
– Privacy
– Efficient resource utilization
x
SDN
controller

› Current SDN architectures
–Logically centralized control plane
may be a bottleneck
› Scalability
› Administrative autonomy
› Network heterogeneity
- Connectivity disruptions
Limitations of SDN for
Wireless

Scalability and
Heterogeneity
› Dense deployments
› Mobile devices
› Heterogeneity
Integrating massive devices (and data) to the network
and providing new services is crucial

Emerging applications (e.g.,
IoT) are “fragmented”
Home Automation
Consumer Electronics
Personal Health Care
Smart Roads
Fragmentation does not match SDN unified control

DECENTRALIZING SDN’S CONTROL
PLANE

Decentralizing SDN’s Control
Plane
› Control hierarchy
› Control delegation

Benefits of Control
Hierarchy
› Scalability and modularity
– Higher levels have greater abstraction
and broader scope
– Lower levels can adjust quickly: agility
(e.g., connectivity disruptions)
› Administration autonomy
› Security and privacy
- Each level in a different trusted domain
Source: ONF SDN Architecture, June 2014

Control Delegation
Main
Controller
Access
Point
• Follows hierarchy
• Secure delegation
Secondary
Controllers
Access
Point
Access
Point
Tertiary
Controllers

Control Delegation
Main
Controller
Access
Point
Secondary
Controllers
Access
Point
Access
Point
Tertiary
Controllers

Use Case: Capacity Sharing
• User provides Internet connectivity
• Shares capacity
• Incentives
• Becomes a Network Gateway (NGW)
• NGW is SDN-enabled
• Resource sharing
• Service personalization
• Mobile NGW can break
switch-controller
communication
• Solution:
– Delegation of control
– NGW also a local controller

Use Case: Sofware-Defined ITS
› “Vertical” east-west interfaces
› Applications
–Autonomous driving
–Message dissemination (e.g., traffic conditions)
–Vehicle entertainment
RSU
1
RSU
2
Level 1
(main controller)
Level 2
(secondary controller)
Level 3
(tertiary controller)

Sofware-Defined ITS
Architecture
› Communication
–Vehicle-to-vehicle
–Vehicle-to-infrastructure
› Resilient control plane
–Fault tolerance
–Connectivity disruption
tolerance

Simulation Platform
› NS-3 augmented with SDNs
– Execution of controllers and switches within ns-3
– Multiple instances of the same protocol implementation running within ns-3

Software-defined Measurements
for ITS
• SD-measurements for message dissemination
› SDN-enabled cars send messages upon event detection
› OpenFlow extended via experimenter messages
• Events become flows
› dynamic configuration of events (agility)
› avoid polling

Source: Rashid Mijumbi, Joan Serrat, Juan Luis Gorricho, Steven Latre, Marinos Charalambides, Diego Lopez. Management and Orchestration
Challenges in Network Function Virtualization, IEEE Communications Magazine, Jan., 2016
70

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