Sinatra Basics
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Sinatra is a DSL for building web applications in Ruby that emphasizes a minimalist approach. It is not a full-fledged framework and does not enforce particular structures. Key characteristics include its flexible nature, suitability for APIs, and simple ecosystem utilizing HTTP verbs, Rack middleware, and templating options like ERB. Popular companies using Sinatra include GitHub, Heroku, BBC, and thoughtbot. The document then covers basic Sinatra usage like routing, templates, and deployment to Heroku.
![Route Params & Redirects
get ‘/posts/:id’ do
@post = Post.find(params[:id])
erb :post
end
post ‘/posts’ do
post = Post.create! params
redirect “/posts/#{post.id}”
end](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/sinatrabasic-131004122728-phpapp02/85/Sinatra-Basics-21-320.jpg)
![We must configure the database
properties
Development environment
configure :development do
set :database, ‘sqlite3:///db/database.sqlite’
end
Production environment
configure :development do
ActiveRecord::Base.establish_connection(ENV
['DATABASE_URL'] || 'postgres://localhost/mydb')
end](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/sinatrabasic-131004122728-phpapp02/85/Sinatra-Basics-30-320.jpg)
Sinatra Basics
- 1. Sinatra Up and Running Tarcisio Coutinho 04-10-2013
- 2. About Me ● Bachelor in Computer Science at CIn - UFPE ● Software Developer ● 空手の学生 ● git & Github lover @tacsio
- 4. What is Sinatra? Isn’t Francis Albert "Frank" Sinatra Even if He has been a great singer… Now I’m listening him
- 5. What is Sinatra? Sinatra is a domain-specific language for building websites, web services, and web applications in Ruby.
- 6. What is Sinatra? It emphasizes a minimalistic approach to development, offering only what is essential to handle HTTP requests and deliver responses to clients.
- 7. Sinatra’s Characteristics ● Sinatra is not a framework ○ Doesn’t have an ORM ○ Predefined configuration files ○ Neither defined structures of directories ● Flexible by nature Do What You Want, Cause A Pirate Is Free... You Are A Pirate
- 8. Sinatra’s Characteristics ● Good option for design APIs ● Simple ecosystem ○ DSL ○ HTTP Verbs ○ Rack Middleware ○ Sinatra Base
- 9. Sinatra’s Characteristics ● Simple ecosystem ○ DSL ■ Domain Specific Language ○ HTTP Verbs ○ Rack Middleware ○ Sinatra Base
- 10. Sinatra’s Characteristics ● Simple ecosystem ○ DSL ○ HTTP Verbs ■ Get Post Put Delete Options ○ Rack Middleware ○ Sinatra Base
- 11. Sinatra’s Characteristics ● Simple ecosystem ○ DSL ○ HTTP Verbs ○ Rack Middleware ■ Provides an minimal interface between webservers supporting Ruby and Ruby frameworks. ○ Sinatra Base
- 12. Sinatra’s Characteristics ● Simple ecosystem ○ DSL ○ HTTP Verbs ○ Rack Middleware ○ Sinatra Base ■ Sinatra application
- 13. Sinatra’s Characteristics ● Templating (erb, haml) ● Tests/specs (test:unit, rspec) ● Filters (Before/After) ● Helpers ● Error Handlers ● Inline templates ● Code reloading (shotgun gem) ● HTTP Caching (Etag) ● Streams ● Rack Middleware
- 14. Who is Using It? ● Github ● Heroku ● BBC ● thoughtbot ● Songbird ● Engine Yard
- 15. Let’s start
- 16. Sinatra Installation gem install sinatra
- 17. Hello Sinatra require ‘sinatra’ get ‘/’ do “Hello, Sinatra!” end
- 18. Routing The First Sufficient Match Wins When Sinatra parses routes, the first sufficient match is the one that will be executed. This is true even when there is a better or more specific route definition later in the file.
- 19. HTTP Verbs and REST GET - Is used to ask a server to return a representation of a resource POST - Is used to submit data to a web server. PUT - Is used to create or update a representation of a resource on a server. DELETE - Is used to destroy a resource on a server.
- 20. Not Found (404) & Server Error (500) not_found do “Route not found!” end error do “Server error!” end
- 21. Route Params & Redirects get ‘/posts/:id’ do @post = Post.find(params[:id]) erb :post end post ‘/posts’ do post = Post.create! params redirect “/posts/#{post.id}” end
- 22. Static Files Simple way to delivery static files Directory Tree |-- public | `-- public.html |-- app.rb public.html Hello Sinatra! app.rb require ‘sinatra’
- 23. Static Files :: If we got this scenario? Directory Tree |-- public | `-- public.html |-- static_file.rb require ‘sinatra’ get ‘/public.html’ do “This is delivery via the route.” end
- 24. Views & Templates Views in Sinatra are HTML templates that can optionally contain data passed from the application. Available engines ● Erb ● Haml ● Erubis ● ... Template mode ● Inline Templates ● External Templates
- 25. Inline Templates Are defined in the application code file itself require ‘sinatra’ get ‘/index’ do erb :index_inner end __END__ @@index_inner __END__ @@index_inner <!DOCTYPE html> <html> <body> <h1>Hello Sinatra</h1> </body> </html>
- 26. External Templates Sinatra will look for them by default in the views subfolder. app.erb require ‘sinatra’ get ‘/index’ do @msg = “Hello Sinatra” erb :index end Views directory :: index.erb <!DOCTYPE html> <html> <body> <h1><%= @msg %></h1> </body> </html>
- 27. Hands On
- 28. And now ?
- 29. Deploy on Heroku
- 30. We must configure the database properties Development environment configure :development do set :database, ‘sqlite3:///db/database.sqlite’ end Production environment configure :development do ActiveRecord::Base.establish_connection(ENV ['DATABASE_URL'] || 'postgres://localhost/mydb') end
- 31. Questions ?
- 32. References 1. Sinatra: Up and Running - O'Reilly Media 2. http://www.sinatrarb.com 3. https://github.com/sinatra/sinatra