slide_04_Analysis_Design microsoft powerpoint

Object-Oriented Analysis and
Design
Lecture 4: Analysis and Design Overview

Objectives: Analysis and Design Overview
Object Oriented Analysis and Design 2
 Review the key Analysis and Design terms
and concepts
 Introduce the Analysis and Design process,
including roles, artifacts and workflow
 Explain the difference between Analysis
and Design

Analysis and Design in Context
The purposes of Analysis and Design
are to:
 Transform the requirements into a
design of the system-to-be.
 Evolve a robust architecture for the
system.
 Adapt the design to match the
implementation environment,
designing it for performance.

Supplementary
Specification
Use-Case Model
Design Model
Data Model
Architecture
Document
Analysis
and Design
Analysis and Design Overview
Glossary

Analysis & Design Overview T
opics
 Key Concepts
 Analysis and Design Workflow

Analysis Versus Design
 Analysis
 Focus on
understanding the
problem
 Idealized design
 Behavior
 System structure
 Functional
requirements
 A small
model
 Design
 Focus on
understanding the
solution
 Operations and
attributes
 Performance
 Close to real code
 Object lifecycles
 Nonfunctional
requirements
 A large model

Design Classes
Subsystems
Analysis and Design Are Not T
op-Down or Bottom-Up
Analysis Classes
Bottom
Up
Top
Down
Use Cases
(Define a
middle level)
Analysis and Design

What Is Architecture?
 Software architecture encompasses a set of
significant decisions about the
organization of a software system.
 Selection of the structural elements and their
interfaces by which a system is composed
 Behavior as specified in collaborations among
those elements
 Composition of these structural and behavioral
elements into larger subsystems
 Architectural style that guides this organization
Grady Booch, Philippe Kruchten, Rich Reitman, Kurt Bittner; Rational
(derived from Mary Shaw)

Architecture Constrains Design and
Implementation
 Architecture involves a set of strategic
design decisions, rules or patterns
that constrain design and
construction.
Architecture decisions are the most fundamental
decisions, and changing them will have significant effects.
Architecture
Design
Implementation
Code

Logical View
Use-Case View
Implementation View
End-user
Functionality
Programmers
Software management
Process View
System integrators
Performance
Scalability
Throughput
Deployment View
System engineering
System topology
Delivery, installation
communication
Analysts/Designers
Structure
Software Architecture: The “4+1 View” Model

Analysis & Design Overview T
opics
 Key Concepts
 Analysis and Design Workflow

Analysis and Design Workflow
Analysis
Design
[Early
Elaboration
Iteration]
[Inception
Iteration (Optional)]
Define a Candidate
Architecture
Perform
Architectural
Synthesis
Analyze Behavior
Refine the
Architecture
Define
Components
Design the
Database
(Optional)

Analysis and Design Workflow
Hoạt động
phân tích
Hoạt động
thiết kế
[Đầu pha
chi tiết] [Pha Inception
(Tùy)]
Định nghĩa 1 kiến
trúc (có thể có)
Tiến hành tổng
hợp phần tử
kiến trúc
Phân tích các hành vi
Làm mịn
kiến trúc
Thiết kế các
thành phần
Thiết kế
CSDL
(Tùy)

Analysis and Design Activity Overview
Architect
Designer

Software Architect’s Responsibilities
Architect
Software
Architecture
Document
 The
Software
Architect
leads and
coordinates
technical
activities
and artifacts.
Reference
Architecture
Analysis Model
Design Model
Deployment Model

Designer’s Responsibilities
Designer
Use-Case
Realization
Package/
Subsystem Class
 The designer
must know
use-case
modeling
techniques,
system
requirements,
and software
design
techniques.

Review: Analysis and Design Is Use-Case
Driven
 Use cases defined for a system are the
basis for the entire development process.
 Benefits of use cases:
 Concise, simple, and understandable by a wide range
of stakeholders.
 Help synchronize the content of different models.
Check Balance
Customer
Withdraw Money

What Is a Use-Case Realization?
Class Diagrams
Use Case
Use-Case Model Design
Model
Use Case Use-Case Realization
Collaboration Diagrams
Sequence Diagrams

Analysis and Design in an Iterative Process
Iteration n
Use Case A
Scenarios 1 & 2
Use-Case
Realization
A
Start of
iteration
End of
iteration
Use Case B
Scenario 1
Use-Case
Realization A
Use Case
A
Scenario 3
Use-Case
Realization B
Iteration n
+ 1

Review: Analysis and Design Overview
 What is the purpose of the Analysis and
Design Discipline?
 What are the input and output artifacts?
 Name and briefly describe the 4+1 Views of
Architecture.
 What is the difference between Analysis
and Design?
 What is architecture?

slide_04_Analysis_Design microsoft powerpoint

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