Software concepts

Introduction
Software represents
the set of programs
that govern the
operation of a
computer system and
make the hardwarePurnaabh 2Software Concepts

Operating System
The most important system software is operating system as it makes the
hardware operate as per instructions and it makes a platform that helps
in running of application software. It is a program that acts as an
interface between the user and the computer.
Hardware is nothing but finely designed machinery. A machine is
ultimately a machine only, which is always made to work. In case of
computers, it is either us if we do that or “some other” which does it for us.
This “some other” is nothing but our very own “Operating System.”
Software Concepts Purnaabh 6
Types Of
Software's
Types Of Operating
System-1

Types Of Operating Systems
Single User OS
As the name suggests, so only one user can
be supported by it at any point of time.
Multiuser OS
More than one user can be supported by it,
therefore, more than one user programs are
loaded and active in the main store at the
same time.
Time Sharing OS
This OS uses the time sharing technique.
Each active user is given a fair share of CPU
time(Ł), if the time elapses or an I/O
operation is requested, CPU shifts over to
Types Of
Software's
Types Of Operating
System - 2

Real Time OS
In RTOS, the jobs have fixed deadlines and the
jobs have to be completed within their deadlines.
Multiprocessing OS
This OS is capable of handling more than one
processors as the jobs have to be executed on
more than one processor
Distributed OS
This OS is designed to share its workload over
multiple servers.
Interactive OS
These Operating Systems are interactive in
nature. These provide Graphic User interface toSoftware Concepts Purnaabh 8
Types Of Operating Systems
Language
Processor
Types Of
Software's

A language processor is a special type of a computer software that can translate the source code into an
object code.
A SourceCode refersto the programcode written by a programmer in a highlevel
programmingin a highlevel programminglanguage (HLL) suchas in C, Java, C++etc.
An ObjectCode refersto a code usuallyin machine language or binary code, a language
that computer can understand easilyand runa hardware.
There are three types of Language processors :-
1.Assembler
This language processor converts the program written in assembly language into
machine language.
2. Compiler
A compiler is a type of system software that translates and executes instructions written
in a computer program in one go.
3.Interpreter
It is another type of system software that translates and executes instructions written in
a computer program line by line.
Utility
Software

Types Of Utility
Software - 1

Antivirus Software:-
This utility software ensures virus-free work
environment. A computer virus is a program that
can inject other computer programs by
modifying them in such a way as to reproduce
itself.
File Management Software:-
There are multiple file extensions and types
registered with operating system. In order to
work efficiently there are numerous file
management tools available that can help us likeSoftware Concepts Purnaabh 11
Types Of Utility
Software - 2

Compression Tools:-
This utility program facilitates compression of
files. Large files can be compressed to take
little storage area. They can be extracted
afterwards when they are needed. Some
compression tools are WinRAR, 7-Zip etc.
Disk Management Tools:-
These tools are used for efficiently managing
data on disks so as to increase performance of
the system. For example:- Disk Defragmenter,
Backup Utility etc.Software Concepts Purnaabh 12
Device Drivers

Application Software

Office Tools
Domain SpecificApplicationSoftware
Application
Software

This type of software pertains to one
specific application. These are the
programs written by programmers to
enable computer to perform a specific
task such as processing words, handling
calculations and figures, medical
accounting, billing etc.
Some types of Application Software are:-
1. Office Tools
2. Domain Specific Application Software
Office Tools

The application software belonging to this category are used
in office for documentation and recording purposes. Some
commonly used such software are word processing software,
spreadsheets, presentation, software, database systems etc.
Domain Specific
Application Software

Application
Software

Software concepts

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