Software Freedom in a Post Open Source World
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The document outlines the history and evolution of software sharing and open source initiatives from the late 1940s to recent years, highlighting key events and milestones such as the establishment of various conferences, the launch of significant software programs, and legal battles surrounding software bundling. It discusses the concept of open source defined through four essential freedoms that allow users to run, study, modify, and share software. Additionally, it reflects on the economic aspects of collaboratively-developed software and mentions the rapid increase in open source repositories over recent years.
Software Freedom in a Post Open Source World
- 3. 1950 1960 1970 200019901980 2010 Code sharing At Princeton IAS in late 1940s IBM “SHARE” Conf & Library Begins 1953 DECUS Conf & Library Begins 1962 MIT Project Athena Begins 1983 1BSD Released 1977 AT&T Shares First UNIX tapes early-70s Free Software Foundation Launches 1985 DoJ vs IBM begins “Software Bundling is Anti-competitive” 1969 IBM response is to unbundle HW, SW, & services pricing 1st DoJ vs IBM Consent Decree “Hardware Bundling is Anti-competitive” 1956 Open Source Definition 1998 USENIX Begins 1975 Linus Releases Linux 1991 Apache httpd Released 1995 Apache Software Foundation 1999 OSDL Forms 2000 OSDL Re-forms as Linux Foundation 2007 U.S. Congress Adds Computer Software to Copyright Law 1980 GCC 1987 emacs 1975 We’ve collaborated on software since we’ve written software Writing good software is hard work
- 4. Collaboratively-Developed Software is about Engineering Economics
- 5. Collaboratively-Developed Liberally-Licensed Software is about Engineering Economics
- 6. Collaboratively-Developed Liberally-Licensed Software is about Engineering Economics (after 1980) Engineering Economics The Open Source Definition
- 7. Software Freedom • The freedom to run the program as you wish, for any purpose (freedom 0). • The freedom to study how the program works, and change it so it does your computing as you wish (freedom 1). Access to the source code is a precondition for this. • The freedom to redistribute copies so you can help others (freedom 2). • The freedom to distribute copies of your modified versions to others (freedom 3). By doing this you can give the whole community a chance to benefit from your changes. Access to the source code is a precondition for this.
- 8. Outbound – never inbound We the participants in this project community share our work under copyright with you in this way.
- 10. MIT Athena
- 12. The Difference
- 13. Freedom Zero
- 15. 2012 Octoverse 4.6M+ repositories 2016 Octoverse 19.4M+ repositories 2018 Octoverse 96M+ repositories
- 16. 2012 Octoverse 4.6M+ repositories 2016 Octoverse 19.4M+ repositories 2018 Octoverse 96M+ repositories 2019 Octoverse 140M+ repositories
- 21. OSD
- 22. OSD Dated
- 23. OSD Dated Old
- 26. Interix (A Complete UNIX Environment on NT) • 250 Buckets of Technology • 25-30 Licenses
- 28. Open Source Won … • Linux Foundation claims $5B of software value co-creation • ASF claims $20B of software value co-creation • Eclipse Foundation, Drupal, Perl+CPAN, Python, Ruby …
- 29. Copyleft was a leap of faith …
- 31. The Ethical Software Definition Ethical Software Foundation Free Data Foundation Data Freedom
- 32. The Business Software Definition Software Business Association