Solving Visibility and Streaming in the The Witcher 3: Wild Hunt with Umbra 3
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The document discusses the integration of Umbra 3, an occlusion culling middleware, into CD Projekt Red's Redengine 3 for the development of The Witcher 3: Wild Hunt. It highlights the benefits of using middleware, such as saving artist and engineer time, and addresses specific challenges related to visibility, data streaming, and level of detail management. Additionally, it outlines the technical aspects and the advantages gained from employing Umbra 3 in creating a vast open-world game environment.
Solving Visibility and Streaming in the The Witcher 3: Wild Hunt with Umbra 3
- 1. Solving Visibility and Streaming in The Witcher 3: Wild Hunt with Umbra 3 Jasin Bushnaief, Umbra Software Przemysław Czatrowski, CD Projekt RED
- 2. Agenda INTRODUCTION UMBRA 3 OVERVIEW THE WITCHER 3 REQUIREMENTS MIDDLEWARE AND THE REDEngine 3 UMBRA 3 IN REDEngine 3
- 3. 3 UMBRA SOFTWARE OCCLUSION CULLING MIDDLEWARE FOR 3D GAMES FOUNDED IN 2007 14 EMPLOYEES BASED IN HELSINKI, FINLAND SUPPORT OFFICE IN SEATTLE, WA “Level artists are there to fill the world with content. Integrating Umbra saved us not only artist time but the time to create and maintain an efficient visibility culling solution. Umbra’s support provides us with the solutions and features that we need.” “Umbra’s technology is playing an important role in the creation of our next universe, by freeing our artists from the burden of manual markups typically associated with polygon soup.”
- 4. Video games powered by Umbra 3
- 12. WHY LICENSE? + SAVE ENGINEERS’ TIME + SAVE ARTISTS’ TIME + IT’S EASY + PORTABLE + PROVEN + SUPPORT - ENGINEERS DON’T GET TO ROLL THEIR OWN
- 13. The Witcher 3 Requirements HOW TO SATISFY IN UMBRA 3?
- 15. THE WITCHER 3 REQUIREMENTS • LARGE, OPEN WORLD →PVS, MANUAL STUFF OUT OF QUESTION • UMBRA IS AUTOMATIC • STREAMING • LODs
- 18. STREAMING IN UMBRA 3
- 19. STREAMING IN UMBRA 3
- 20. STREAMING IN UMBRA 3
- 21. STREAMING IN UMBRA 3 VISIBLE OBJECTS COMBINED DATA
- 22. STREAMING CHALLENGES • INDEPENDENT BLOCKS • MATCH ON BORDERS • DO IT QUICKLY!
- 23. LODs IN UMBRA 3 • PREVIOUSLY: SCENE CONSISTS OF SINGLE OBJECT INSTANCES • PROBLEMS: – NEED MULTIPLE LOD LEVELS – SELF-OCCLUSION BETWEEN LEVELS – LOD HIERARCHIES?
- 24. LODs SOLVED DISTANCE RANGE LOD 0 LOD 1 LOD 2 LOD 3 Z = 0 Z = LIKE, A LOT (OCCLUDER)
- 25. LOD CHALLENGES • DISTANCE REFERENCE POINT • OTHER CRITERIA FOR LOD SELECTION • SMARTER LOD OCCLUDERS
- 26. SOLVING VISIBILITY in REDengine 3 with UMBRA 3 ABOUT CD PROJEKT RED • Located in Warsaw and Cracow, Poland • Established in 2002 • Focused on RPGs
- 27. ABOUT CD PROJEKT RED • The Witcher (2007) • PC, heavily modified Aurora Engine • The Witcher 2: Assasins of Kings (2011) • PC, heavily modified Aurora Engine • The Witcher 2: Assasins of Kings Enhanced Edition (2012) • PC/X360, REDengine 2 • metacritics score: 88 SOLVING VISIBILITY in REDengine 3 with UMBRA 3
- 28. ABOUT CD PROJEKT RED • The Witcher 3: Wild Hunt • REDengine 3 • Releasing in February 2015 • PC/XBOX / PS4 • Cyberpunk 2077 • REDengine 3 • Release date TBD SOLVING VISIBILITY in REDengine 3 with UMBRA 3
- 29. THE WITCHER 3: WILD HUNT 35x bigger than The Witcher 2 • open world • complex streaming • a lot of tools refactoring • different approaches Engine team: • 16 people SOLVING VISIBILITY in REDengine 3 with UMBRA 3
- 30. AGENDA • Why middleware? • Things we consider • Umbra 3 as middleware for REDengine 3 • Integration process • Editor features • Cooker / data generation • Game features • Summary SOLVING VISIBILITY in REDengine 3 with UMBRA 3
- 31. WHY MIDDLEWARE? • Pros • Too much time to provide own solutions • Documentation • Customer support • Often access to source code • Specific solutions for specific game • Cons • Evaluation time • Pipeline modifications • Code integrations • Code not written by us SOLVING VISIBILITY in REDengine 3 with UMBRA 3
- 32. WHY MIDDLEWARE? • “Business” aspects • Documentation – quality • Customer support • Changes to our pipeline • Source / libs • Technical aspects • Changes to our pipeline • Memory management • Multithreading • Amount of data to provide • How it “fits” the engine SOLVING VISIBILITY in REDengine 3 with UMBRA 3
- 33. WHY MIDDLEWARE? • Middlewares that we use in the game • Umbra 3 • PhysX • APEX • SpeedTree • Wwise • Scaleform SOLVING VISIBILITY in REDengine 3 with UMBRA 3
- 34. UMBRA 3 AS A MIDDLEWARE FOR REDengine 3 • Documentation • Escription of the classes, methods and concepts behind solutions • basic tutorials • Access to source code / libraries • Both • Customer support • Great • Really short response time • Precise answers and solution suggestions • Changes in our pipeline • From the artists’ point of view - none SOLVING VISIBILITY in REDengine 3 with UMBRA 3
- 35. UMBRA 3 AS A MIDDLEWARE FOR REDengine 3 • Memory management • Ability to plug in your own allocator • Multithreading • Multithreaded building and querues • Amount of data to provide • Triangle soup • No additional data created by artists • Additional work • Coming up with ID scheme • Including occlusion culling in the renderingpart • Tools for building occlusion data SOLVING VISIBILITY in REDengine 3 with UMBRA 3
- 36. Editor features UMBRA 3 IN REDengine 3
- 37. UMBRA 3 IN REDengine 3 OCCLUSION DATA STREAMING
- 38. UMBRA 3 IN REDengine 3 OCCLUSION DATA STREAMING 1. From certain camera position required set of Tiles is determined 2. If the newly determined set differs from the currently used one, asynchronous computation starts 3. Precooked buffers are streamed in (only for Tiles, that had no data streamed in yet) 4. Tome objects are created (only for Tiles that haven’t had this object created yet) 5. Once all the Tomes exist, the TomeCollection object is created from them 6. Newly created TomeCollection is sent to renderer to replace the currently used one 7. Tiles that are no longer necessary destroy their Tome object and unstream the precooked data buffers. Previous TomeCollection object is destroyed.
- 39. UMBRA 3 IN REDengine 3 OCCLUSION DATA STREAMING
- 40. UMBRA 3 IN REDengine 3 OCCLUSION DATA STREAMING
- 41. UMBRA 3 IN REDengine 3
- 42. DEBUG TOOLS • Quite a few in-engine tools • Detachable camera • Streaming visualizations • Memory statistics • Geometry statistics • All visualizations that Umbra library gives us
- 43. SAMPLE SCENES
- 44. SAMPLE SCENES
- 45. SAMPLE SCENES
- 46. SAMPLE SCENES
- 47. SAMPLE SCENES
- 48. SAMPLE SCENES
- 49. SAMPLE SCENES
- 50. SAMPLE SCENES
- 51. SAMPLE SCENE • 43 Tomes loaded • 61 MB of Tome data loaded • Additional 15 MB of inter-Tome data generated on the fly • Over 62000 static mesh chunks on scene • Less than 500 visible (~0.76%) • Query time: ~1.8 ms • Dynamic objects occlusion: • Particles • Skinned meshes • Simulated meshes • Decals
- 52. DEBUG OVERLAY / STATISTICS
- 53. STATISTICS
- 54. STATISTICS • Skellige • Area size: 8km x 8km • Amount of geometry: 45000-50000 chunks loaded • Average amount of visible geometry: ~1-5% • City of Novigrad • Area size: 8.5km x 8.5km • Amount of geometry: over 100k chunks loaded • Average amount of visible geometry: ~2-5%
- 55. STATISTICS • Size of Umbra data (cooked data + object IDs) • Skellige: ~300 MB • Novigrad: ~250 MB • Size of data loaded during runtime • Skellige: 40-80 MB • Novigrad: 45-80 MB
- 56. COOKER / DATA GENERATION
- 57. COOKER / DATA GENERATION • Offline process • Data built more than once per day • Dedicated machines (server farm)
- 58. COOKER / DATA GENERATION • Ability to build data in the editor
- 59. COOKER / DATA GENERATION Chunks – parts of the same mesh
- 60. COOKER / DATA GENERATION • LOD levels • Each has drawing distance • Set up by artists Data Generation: • Gather mesh • Gather LOD level • Gather chunks • Assign LOD distances • Assign unique ID
- 61. COOKER / DATA GENERATION Retrieving data during runtime: • Query Umbra for IDs • Find chunk • Push chunk for drawing • Only visible ones • Proper LOD level
- 62. GAME FEATURES
- 63. GAME FEATURES
- 64. WE ARE HIRING! Play your role in CD Projekt RED: • An international team of talented developers and avid gamers. • Creating complex, non-linear AAA RPGs. • Developers of the award-winning Witcher franchise, with over 5million copies sold. • Currently working on The Witcher 3: Wild Hunt and Cyberpunk 2077. APPLY NOW: www.cdpred.com
- 65. Thank you for attending. For more on Umbra 3, go to umbra3.com Follow us on Twitter @jbushnaief, @cz0per, @umbrasoftware WE ARE HIRING!