Some Hydrophytes
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The document outlines various types of hydrophytes, describing their adaptations to aquatic environments such as large airspaces, absence of stomata and cuticles, and modifications in their stem and leaves. Specific plants like Hydrilla verticillata, Vellisneria spiralis, Pistia, Eichhornia, and Salvinia are detailed, highlighting their structural characteristics and reproductive methods. Each plant's unique features, including leaf shapes, growth forms, and mechanisms for flotation and propagation, are also emphasized.
Some Hydrophytes
- 1. Hydrophyte • A plant which grows only in or on water. Adaptation:- ->Tends to have larger airspaces around the cells. -> having no stomata or waxy cuticle. -> Reduced or No xylem cell found.
- 2. Submerged anchored or suspended hydrophyte Stem is attached to substratum with help of adventious root Stem Is Delicate ,Flexible & Freely branched Leaf are sessile,small,opposite in basal node found in whorl of 3 to 8 Leaf having no stomata, no cuticle & any sclerenchymatous tissue Hydrilla verticillata
- 3. Stem is whitish green with lots of aerenchymatous cortex Xylem Is replaced by central cavity Whole plant is covered by mucilage Plant is dull green in colour Hydrilla verticillata
- 4. Stem is reduced to root spot It bears stolons for vegetative propagation It has ribbon shaped leaves Leaf are pale green in color Leaf Contains spongy parenchyma with large air cavity devoid to cuticle Vellisneria Spiralis
- 5. It is an anchored Submerged plant In these Plant Mechanical tissue are not present Plant is diocious & covered with mucilage Vellisneria Spiralis
- 6. Free floating aquatic plant Leaf are found in rosette manner It form cup like structure in nodal portion Cluster of adventious root arise from nodal portion Pistia (Water cabbage)
- 7. Pistia (Water cabbage) Root have root pocket Stem is modified spongy offset In leaf lots of aerenchyma present Vegetative Reproduction take place by fragmentation of offset.
- 8. Eichhornea (Water Hycianth) Free floating plant Plant is get rooted in mud when water level low Stem is horizontal spongy offset Somewhat pinkish root Fibrous root with root pocket
- 10. Eichhornea (Water Hycianth) Leaf are retiolated, store air help plant to float Hypodermis found with no vascular bundle Root are covered with waxy coating
- 11. Salvinia It is not a angiosperm plant , Actuallly it is fern aquatic pterdophyte Compactelly arranged dissected leaf In leaf white hair are found
- 12. Salvinia On leaf white hair lead to buoyancy for entangled air & preventing wetting