![CompuwareCorporation Page 21
OMG Metamodel Architecture
XML/Java TermsSample ObjectsOMG Terms
MOF DTD/Schema
Schema of Schema!!
CWM, EAI, IDL, UML,
DTD/Schema
Middleware Schema
Business Models,
DTDs, Java Classes
App Schemas
User Objects
XML Docs/Java
Objects
Business data
User Objects
Layer (M0)
Model
Layer(M1)
Metamodel
Layer(M2)
Meta-
Metamodel
Layer (M3)
<Acme_Software_Share_9
8789>, 654.56,sell_limit_
order, <Stock_Quote_Svr
32123>
<Acme_Software_Share_9
8789>, 654.56,sell_limit_
order, <Stock_Quote_Svr
32123>
StockShare, askPrice,
sellLimitOrder, StockQuote
Server [Models, Interfaces,
BODs]
StockShare, askPrice,
sellLimitOrder, StockQuote
Server [Models, Interfaces,
BODs]
UML::Class, Attribute,
CWM::Table,
CWM::Cube
[UML, CWM, EAI, IDL…]
UML::Class, Attribute,
CWM::Table,
CWM::Cube
[UML, CWM, EAI, IDL…]
MOF::Class,
MOF::Attribute,
MOF::Operation
[MOF]
MOF::Class,
MOF::Attribute,
MOF::Operation
[MOF]
Applic-
ation
Applic-
ation
Middle-
ware
Middle-
ware](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/001whathappenedtoapplicationlongevity20061127-140819150200-phpapp01/85/Something-super-epic-21-320.jpg)
Something super epic...
- 1. CompuwareCorporation Page 1 What happened to application longevity? Pasi Karjanmaa Application Delivery Management Compuware Asia-Pacific
- 2. CompuwareCorporation Page 2 Application lifecycle • Applications built today will run and serve the Business for..... • 50 years? • 30 years? • 20 years? • 10 years? • 5 years? • 3 years?
- 3. CompuwareCorporation Page 3 What makes a good application! • Good development team • Methodology • Platform • Architecture • Technology choice • Requirements management • Met business requirements • Understood and well Managed budget • Timely delivery • Traceability • Etc.....
- 4. CompuwareCorporation Page 4 About myself • App. Dev. since 1986 • KOP Bank • WM-data • EMC • Compuware Finland • Sales support • Compuware Europe • Product Management • Compuware Asia- Pacific • Software Architecture • Model-Driven Architecture • Requirements • Subject Matter Expert
- 5. CompuwareCorporation Page 5 Applications from the past • Applications built and serving the business for tens of years • Seen major technology changes • Technology downwards compatible • Seen major architecture changes • C/S, Web, Mobile • Seen major business changes • KOP -> SYP merger -> Merita -> Nordea • 6 applications built 1986-1989 still running
- 7. CompuwareCorporation Page 7 CompuwareCorporation Page 7 Source: Gartner The Challenges of Driving Value
- 8. CompuwareCorporation Page 8 Is IT Spending Its Time Creating or Maintaining Business Value? Activity survey of 1,500 IT professionals • Improving business processes • Optimizing existing IT infrastructure • Evaluating emerging technologies • Building a business case for technology budget • Identifying new revenue streams (creating new business value) Source: InformationWeek, 2004
- 9. CompuwareCorporation Page 9 CompuwareCorporation Page 9 Source: Gartner NEW BUSINESS VALUE The Opportunity to Drive Value
- 10. CompuwareCorporation Page 10 IT Project Success Rates 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 2002 2004 Succeeded Challenged Failed IT Project Failure is Business Problem #1 Reason for Failed Projects is Poor, Missed or Changing Requirements Source: 2004 CHAOS Report, Standish Group
- 11. CompuwareCorporation Page 11 A Visible Approach to Requirements Capture 1. A pragmatic, structured approach to the capture, definition and management of requirements across the life cycle 2. Concurrent visibility to all stakeholders of requirements in output relevant to them
- 12. CompuwareCorporation Page 12 Best Practices for Application Development • Take a proactive approach to development – build with confidence • Leverage unique competitive advantages in each application • Build application performance by design, not chance • Automate best practices to yield repeatable successes • Reduce risk throughout the life cycle
- 13. CompuwareCorporation Page 13 The IT Business Value Curve Typical application life cycle today Goals: • Deliver high-quality, lasting IT solutions • Develop cost- effectively • Deploy quickly— only applications in production generate business value • Minimize risk Time Risk Business Benefit Business Benefit Less Cost More Cost
- 14. CompuwareCorporation Page 14 Cost Time Risk Business Benefit Business Benefit The IT Business Value Curve Speed development to capture business value Lower costs and reduce development and maintenance Build flexibility into applications Improve application quality in development
- 15. CompuwareCorporation Page 15 Best Practices in Action EDS evaluates MDA development approach • EDS • Independent MDA analysis by Sun-certified J2EE architect and developer • Results • Typical technology upgrade reduced from “several months to 30 minutes” Cost Time Risk Business Benefit Business Benefit – Reduced development time and cost – Improved application quality – Increased IT ROI – New technology quickly integrated into existing systems Conclusions
- 16. CompuwareCorporation Page 16 Visualization i.e. Modeling improves communication within a project team 69%
- 17. CompuwareCorporation Page 17 OMG’s Model Driven Architecture Qualities • Portability • Cross-platform Interoperability • Platform Independence • Domain Specificity • Productivity Finance E-Commerce Telecommunication More... Transportation Space Manufacturing Health Care
- 18. CompuwareCorporation Page 18 OMG’s Model Driven Architecture Benefits • Reduced cost • Reduced development time • Improved application quality • Increased return on IT investments • Rapid inclusion of emerging technologies Finance E-Commerce Telecommunication More... Transportation Space Manufacturing Health Care
- 19. CompuwareCorporation Page 19 Code CIM > > PIM Mapping PIM > > PSM Mapping PSM > > Code Mapping Computation- Independent Model (CIM) Created by Business Analysts to Describe Business Platform- Specific Model (PSM) Created by Developer or Tester to Implement Solution Platform- Independent Model (PIM) Created by Architect/ Designer to describe Architecture Levels of MDA Models
- 20. CompuwareCorporation Page 20 Model Driven Architecture Code Model Platform Specific Model Platform Independent Model
- 21. CompuwareCorporation Page 21 OMG Metamodel Architecture XML/Java TermsSample ObjectsOMG Terms MOF DTD/Schema Schema of Schema!! CWM, EAI, IDL, UML, DTD/Schema Middleware Schema Business Models, DTDs, Java Classes App Schemas User Objects XML Docs/Java Objects Business data User Objects Layer (M0) Model Layer(M1) Metamodel Layer(M2) Meta- Metamodel Layer (M3) <Acme_Software_Share_9 8789>, 654.56,sell_limit_ order, <Stock_Quote_Svr 32123> <Acme_Software_Share_9 8789>, 654.56,sell_limit_ order, <Stock_Quote_Svr 32123> StockShare, askPrice, sellLimitOrder, StockQuote Server [Models, Interfaces, BODs] StockShare, askPrice, sellLimitOrder, StockQuote Server [Models, Interfaces, BODs] UML::Class, Attribute, CWM::Table, CWM::Cube [UML, CWM, EAI, IDL…] UML::Class, Attribute, CWM::Table, CWM::Cube [UML, CWM, EAI, IDL…] MOF::Class, MOF::Attribute, MOF::Operation [MOF] MOF::Class, MOF::Attribute, MOF::Operation [MOF] Applic- ation Applic- ation Middle- ware Middle- ware
- 22. CompuwareCorporation Page 22 Relationship between MDA core and PIM/PSM PIM Mapping Techniques UML MOF Other languages Metamodel PIM PSM Infrastructure PSM Mapping Techniques <<are described with>> <<expressed with>> <<expressed with>> <<based on>> 1..n 1..n 1..n 1..n <<based on>> <<are described with>> <<depend on>> <<independent of>> 1..n Mapping from PSM to PSM Mapping from PIM to PIM Mapping from PSM to PIM Mapping from PIM to PSM <<expressed with>> 1..n 1..n
- 23. CompuwareCorporation Page 23 Complex technology platform Complex business process Business–ITgap Business Model (PIM) Architectural Design (PSM) Source Code Executable Code Requirements (CIM) User Interviews From requirements to code Automating translation steps Tasks Compiler IDE Modeling tool Requirement Management tool MS-Word Modeling tool Tools 2. Translate requirements into business model 2. Translate requirements into business model 3. Translate business model into architectural design 3. Translate business model into architectural design 4. Translate architectural design into source code 4. Translate architectural design into source code 5. Translate source code into executable code 5. Translate source code into executable code 1. Translate user interviews into requirements 1. Translate user interviews into requirements Transformations Manual Manual Automated Manual Manual Type Automated Automated Automated Increase level of automation
- 24. CompuwareCorporation Page 24 Func Requirements PSM -> Realisation Architectural Decisions PIM PIM Design Architectural Decisions PSM CIM
- 25. CompuwareCorporation Page 25 Software factories A software factory is an environment that offers all the tooling that is required to build software. The factory supports all the phases of the software production process: requirements definition, analysis, design, construction, testing and production. The activities in the factory are executed according to a defined process. Together this offers an environment to effectively build applications. That’s a lot........
- 26. CompuwareCorporation Page 26 Software Factories and MDA Software factories automate the development of software by coordinating a set of models and transformations to build applications which conform to a particular software architecture.
- 27. CompuwareCorporation Page 27 • A software factory defines one or more application architectures • An application architecture is a coordinated set of models and transformations that conforms to a particular software architecture • Software factories control the following aspects of software development: • They define a set of application architectures that can be constructed given the types of models and transformations provided by the software factory • They define a set of models to describe the domain (PIM) and application (PSM) • They link the models by means of a defined set of Model-to-Model Transformations • They generate a particular kind of application using a defined set of Model-to-Text Transformations Software factories and application architectures
- 28. CompuwareCorporation Page 28 •EA Framework •Reference Models •EA Taxonomy Governance & Metrics Approach plan for Modernization Business Strategy Trends Business Drivers Goals Critical success factors Enterprise Architecture (As it is) IT Architecture Business Architecture Gap Analysis Project 1 Project 2 Project 1 Implementation Plan Enterprise Architecture (Target) Technology Architecture Data Architecture Application Architecture Business Architecture 12 3 4 5 6 7
- 29. CompuwareCorporation Page 29 e.g. DATA ENTERPRISE ARCHITECTURE - A FRAMEWORK Builder SCOPE (CONTEXTUAL) MODEL (CONCEPTUAL) ENTERPRISE Designer SYSTEM MODEL (LOGICAL) TECHNOLOGY MODEL (PHYSICAL) DETAILED REPRESEN- TATIONS (OUT-OF- CONTEXT) Sub- Contractor FUNCTIONING ENTERPRISE DATA FUNCTION NETWORK e.g. Data Definition Ent = Field Reln = Address e.g. Physical Data Model Ent = Segment/Table/etc. Reln = Pointer/Key/etc. e.g. Logical Data Model Ent = Data Entity Reln = Data Relationship e.g. Semantic Model Ent = Business Entity Reln = Business Relationship List of Things Important to the Business ENTITY = Class of Business Thing List of Processes the Business Performs Function = Class of Business Process e.g. Application Architecture I/O = User Views Proc .= Application Function e.g. System Design I/O = Data Elements/Sets Proc.= Computer Function e.g. Program I/O = Control Block Proc.= Language Stmt e.g. FUNCTION e.g. Business Process Model Proc. = Business Process I/O = Business Resources List of Locations in which the Business Operates Node = Major Business Location e.g. Business Logistics System Node = Business Location Link = Business Linkage e.g. Distributed System Node = I/S Function (Processor, Storage, etc) Link = Line Characteristics e.g. Technology Architecture Node = Hardware/System Software Link = Line Specifications e.g. Network Architecture Node = Addresses Link = Protocols e.g. NETWORK Architecture Planner Owner Builder ENTERPRISE MODEL (CONCEPTUAL) Designer SYSTEM MODEL (LOGICAL) TECHNOLOGY MODEL (PHYSICAL) DETAILED REPRESEN- TATIONS (OUT-OF CONTEXT) Sub- Contractor FUNCTIONING MOTIVATIONTIMEPEOPLE e.g. Rule Specification End = Sub-condition Means = Step e.g. Rule Design End = Condition Means = Action e.g., Business Rule Model End = Structural Assertion Means =Action Assertion End = Business Objective Means = Business Strategy List of Business Goals/Strat Ends/Means=Major Bus. Goal/ Critical Success Factor List of Events Significant Time = Major Business Event e.g. Processing Structure Cycle = Processing Cycle Time = System Event e.g. Control Structure Cycle = Component Cycle Time = Execute e.g. Timing Definition Cycle = Machine Cycle Time = Interrupt e.g. SCHEDULE e.g. Master Schedule Time = Business Event Cycle = Business Cycle List of Organizations People = Major Organizations e.g. Work Flow Model People = Organization Unit Work = Work Product e.g. Human Interface People = Role Work = Deliverable e.g. Presentation Architecture People = User Work = Screen Format e.g. Security Architecture People = Identity Work = Job e.g. ORGANIZATION Planner Owner to the BusinessImportant to the Business What How Where Who When Why John A. Zachman, Zachman International (810) 231-0531 SCOPE (CONTEXTUAL) Architecture e.g. STRATEGY ENTERPRISE e.g. Business Plan TM CODE Platform Specific Model - PSM Platform Independent Model - PIM Computation Independent Model - CIM Model Driven Architecture versus Zachman Zachman is the universal frameworks, useful for comparison purposes Tom Mowbray, PhD Courtesy of iCMG, Copyright 2006 iCMG Private Limited
- 30. CompuwareCorporation Page 30 e.g. DATA ENTERPRISE ARCHITECTURE - A FRAMEWORK Builder SCOPE (CONTEXTUAL) MODEL (CONCEPTUAL) ENTERPRISE Designer SYSTEM MODEL (LOGICAL) TECHNOLOGY MODEL (PHYSICAL) DETAILED REPRESEN- TATIONS (OUT-OF- CONTEXT) Sub- Contractor FUNCTIONING ENTERPRISE DATA FUNCTION NETWORK e.g. Data Definition Ent = Field Reln = Address e.g. Physical Data Model Ent = Segment/Table/etc. Reln = Pointer/Key/etc. e.g. Logical Data Model Ent = Data Entity Reln = Data Relationship e.g. Semantic Model Ent = Business Entity Reln = Business Relationship List of Things Important to the Business ENTITY = Class of Business Thing List of Processes the Business Performs Function = Class of Business Process e.g. Application Architecture I/O = User Views Proc .= Application Function e.g. System Design I/O = Data Elements/Sets Proc.= Computer Function e.g. Program I/O = Control Block Proc.= Language Stmt e.g. FUNCTION e.g. Business Process Model Proc. = Business Process I/O = Business Resources List of Locations in which the Business Operates Node = Major Business Location e.g. Business Logistics System Node = Business Location Link = Business Linkage e.g. Distributed System Node = I/S Function (Processor, Storage, etc) Link = Line Characteristics e.g. Technology Architecture Node = Hardware/System Software Link = Line Specifications e.g. Network Architecture Node = Addresses Link = Protocols e.g. NETWORK Architecture Planner Owner Builder ENTERPRISE MODEL (CONCEPTUAL) Designer SYSTEM MODEL (LOGICAL) TECHNOLOGY MODEL (PHYSICAL) DETAILED REPRESEN- TATIONS (OUT-OF CONTEXT) Sub- Contractor FUNCTIONING MOTIVATIONTIMEPEOPLE e.g. Rule Specification End = Sub-condition Means = Step e.g. Rule Design End = Condition Means = Action e.g., Business Rule Model End = Structural Assertion Means =Action Assertion End = Business Objective Means = Business Strategy List of Business Goals/Strat Ends/Means=Major Bus. Goal/ Critical Success Factor List of Events Significant Time = Major Business Event e.g. Processing Structure Cycle = Processing Cycle Time = System Event e.g. Control Structure Cycle = Component Cycle Time = Execute e.g. Timing Definition Cycle = Machine Cycle Time = Interrupt e.g. SCHEDULE e.g. Master Schedule Time = Business Event Cycle = Business Cycle List of Organizations People = Major Organizations e.g. Work Flow Model People = Organization Unit Work = Work Product e.g. Human Interface People = Role Work = Deliverable e.g. Presentation Architecture People = User Work = Screen Format e.g. Security Architecture People = Identity Work = Job e.g. ORGANIZATION Planner Owner to the BusinessImportant to the Business What How Where Who When Why John A. Zachman, Zachman International (810) 231-0531 SCOPE (CONTEXTUAL) Architecture e.g. STRATEGY ENTERPRISE e.g. Business Plan TM Solution Architect Enterprise Architect Enterprise vs. Solution Architecture Overlapping disciplines of architecture analysis, planning, and design Tom Mowbray, PhD Courtesy of iCMG, Copyright 2006 iCMG Private Limited Programmer
- 31. CompuwareCorporation Page 31 e.g. DATA ENTERPRISE ARCHITECTURE - A FRAMEWORK Builder SCOPE (CONTEXTUAL) MODEL (CONCEPTUAL) ENTERPRISE Designer SYSTEM MODEL (LOGICAL) TECHNOLOGY MODEL (PHYSICAL) DETAILED REPRESEN- TATIONS (OUT-OF- CONTEXT) Sub- Contractor FUNCTIONING ENTERPRISE DATA FUNCTION NETWORK e.g. Data Definition Ent = Field Reln = Address e.g. Physical Data Model Ent = Segment/Table/etc. Reln = Pointer/Key/etc. e.g. Logical Data Model Ent = Data Entity Reln = Data Relationship e.g. Semantic Model Ent = Business Entity Reln = Business Relationship List of Things Important to the Business ENTITY = Class of Business Thing List of Processes the Business Performs Function = Class of Business Process e.g. Application Architecture I/O = User Views Proc .= Application Function e.g. System Design I/O = Data Elements/Sets Proc.= Computer Function e.g. Program I/O = Control Block Proc.= Language Stmt e.g. FUNCTION e.g. Business Process Model Proc. = Business Process I/O = Business Resources List of Locations in which the Business Operates Node = Major Business Location e.g. Business Logistics System Node = Business Location Link = Business Linkage e.g. Distributed System Node = I/S Function (Processor, Storage, etc) Link = Line Characteristics e.g. Technology Architecture Node = Hardware/System Software Link = Line Specifications e.g. Network Architecture Node = Addresses Link = Protocols e.g. NETWORK Architecture Planner Owner Builder ENTERPRISE MODEL (CONCEPTUAL) Designer SYSTEM MODEL (LOGICAL) TECHNOLOGY MODEL (PHYSICAL) DETAILED REPRESEN- TATIONS (OUT-OF CONTEXT) Sub- Contractor FUNCTIONING MOTIVATIONTIMEPEOPLE e.g. Rule Specification End = Sub-condition Means = Step e.g. Rule Design End = Condition Means = Action e.g., Business Rule Model End = Structural Assertion Means =Action Assertion End = Business Objective Means = Business Strategy List of Business Goals/Strat Ends/Means=Major Bus. Goal/ Critical Success Factor List of Events Significant Time = Major Business Event e.g. Processing Structure Cycle = Processing Cycle Time = System Event e.g. Control Structure Cycle = Component Cycle Time = Execute e.g. Timing Definition Cycle = Machine Cycle Time = Interrupt e.g. SCHEDULE e.g. Master Schedule Time = Business Event Cycle = Business Cycle List of Organizations People = Major Organizations e.g. Work Flow Model People = Organization Unit Work = Work Product e.g. Human Interface People = Role Work = Deliverable e.g. Presentation Architecture People = User Work = Screen Format e.g. Security Architecture People = Identity Work = Job e.g. ORGANIZATION Planner Owner to the BusinessImportant to the Business What How Where Who When Why John A. Zachman, Zachman International (810) 231-0531 SCOPE (CONTEXTUAL) Architecture e.g. STRATEGY ENTERPRISE e.g. Business Plan TM Application Architecture Data Architecture Business Architecture Zachman versus Federal Enteprise Architecture Framework FEAF is a highly flexible framework for government enterprises Tom Mowbray, PhD Courtesy of iCMG, Copyright 2006 iCMG Private Limited Technology Architecture
- 32. CompuwareCorporation Page 32 Architecture Framework & Architecture Styles to be used Enterprise Architecture Product Line Architecture Object Oriented Architecture Component Oriented Architecture Service Oriented Architecture Model Driven Architecture Architecture Styles Architecture Frameworks
- 33. CompuwareCorporation Page 33 <<Factory>> AccountFactory Get( ) FindForCustomer( ) Open( ) <<BusinessObject>> Account number : string rtn : string balance : fixed Debit( ) Credit( ) Refresh( ) Close( ) <<BusinessObject>> Customer <<Type>> AccountAccess UML Model A Portion of Wells Fargo’s Frame MDA Tool Web Application Server Windows Application Interactive Voice Response Unit Business Service Interface CORBA Proxy SOAP Proxy DCOM Proxy RMI Proxy Network CORBA Bridge SOAP Bridge DCOM Bridge RMI Bridge Business Service Interface COBOL HOGAN XML LDAP SQL Business Logic System of Record Interface Network RDBMS Mainframe Systems of Record Mainframe Unix Host BusinessObjectServices ServantClient BSI Generation (C++ and Java) BSI Generation (C++ and Java) Proxy Generation (C++ and Java) Proxy Generation (C++ and Java) IDL GenerationIDL Generation Bridge GenerationBridge Generation Servant GenerationServant Generation “Legacy” Object Generation “Legacy” Object Generation Example – Wells Fargo Code is generated from the UML framework +titleHolder 0…n
- 34. CompuwareCorporation Page 34 Classic Modeling and Development Applications Users Designers & Developers Classic Tools Domain Knowledge Platform Knowledge Domain X Technology
- 35. CompuwareCorporation Page 35 MDA Goal Applications Users Domain Models Domain Experts Technology Solutions Platform Experts MDA Tools Application Developers Technology Selection and Tuning
- 36. CompuwareCorporation Page 36 Summary • Build application to today's business needs • Make sure applications run on tomorrows platform and technology • Elevate Application Delivery Process to new levels • Model-Driven Architecture – future of UML • Model as much as you can • Enrich with constraints • Traceability throughout • Productivity • Consistency • Quality • Application Longevity
- 37. CompuwareCorporation Page 37 Enterprise Architecture Planning