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1. Electromotive force (emf) is the potential difference between the poles of a battery when it is not draining current in an open circuit. 2. When the switch is closed, current flows in the circuit and the lights turn on. 3. There are two main types of voltage sources: direct current (DC) sources like batteries; and alternating current (AC) sources like generators.
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- 1. Oleh Fajar Kurnia Priandiny 5C_09330100
- 2. Electromotive force (emf) is the potential difference between the poles of the battery(element) when the battery does not drain current at open circuit. If the switch is open, then no current flows so that the lights are switched off.
- 3. a. Series Arrangement r r r ∑E=nxE E E E ∑r= nxr b. Parallel Arrangement ∑E = E r ∑r = r n E
- 4. Voltage clamp is the potential difference between the poles of the battery (element) when the battery drain current (on a closed circuit). When the switch is closed, the current flowing in the circuit and the lights turned on. Voltage Source Type Voltage source type can be divided into two, namely: a. Source Voltage (DC) example: Volta element, dry element (battery), the accumulator b. Source of Alternating Voltage (AC) example : dynamo or generator
- 5. Element is a voltage source that come from chemical reactions that produce direct current(DC). There are two kinds of elements : 1. The Primary Element The primary element is an element that can not be updated again when the electrical energy has been exhausted. Examples of primary element is an element of Volta, Daniel element, dry element (battery )
- 6. Bagian Utama Carbon ( C ) • Carbon ( C ) sebagai Kutub positif Mangan dioksida • Seng ( Zn ) ( Mn O2) sebagai kutub negatif Amoniun Clorida • Amonium Clorida ( NH4Cℓ) ( NH4 Cl ) sebagai zat elektrolit yang berbentuk pasta ( kering ) Seng ( Zn ) • Mangan dioksida ( Mn O2 ) sebagai zat depolarisator • Beda potensial carbon dan seng adalah 1,5 Volt
- 7. Secondary elements are the elements (current source) which can be renewed or refilled when electrical energy is up. Examples of secondary elements is accumulator
- 8. arah arus Bagian Utama Timbal dioksida Pb O2 sebagai kutub positif Pb O2 Pb Timbal ( Pb ) sebagai kutub negatif Asam sulfat ( H2SO4 ) Reaksi kimia H2SO4 PbO2 + 2 H+ +2e PbO + H2O Pb + SO4 + H2O PbO + H2SO4 + 2 e Ion-ion H+ menuju PbO2 dan ion-ion SO4 menuju Pb. Hingga kedua kutubnya membentuk PbO. Ketika ke dua kutubnya membentuk PbO maka tidak ada beda potensial antara kedua kutub dan akumulator dikatakan habis