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Spring 3.1

Ch'ti JUG, profile picture
Ch'ti JUG

This document provides a summary of the key topics covered in a presentation on Spring 3.1 including: 1) The presentation covers the history of Spring, the new Environment abstraction in Spring 3.1 including property sources and profiles, Java-based configuration as an alternative to XML, improvements to Spring JPA, and cache support. 2) Spring 3.1 introduces a unified way to manage properties through the new Environment abstraction which includes property sources and profiles to support different environments and configurations. 3) Other features covered include Java-based configuration alternatives to common XML configuration, built-in support for JPA repositories including custom queries and pagination, and a cache abstraction that can be used to cache method calls.

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Spring 3.1 © Zenika 2011 Spring 3.1 1
Speaker's qualifications • Arnaud Cogoluègnes • Consultant with Zenika • Has been using Spring since 2005 • SpringSource certified trainer • Co-author: • Spring par la pratique, 2nd edition • Spring Dynamic Modules in Action • Spring Batch in Action © Zenika 2011 Spring 3.1 2
Agenda • History • Environment • Java configuration • Spring JPA • Cache abstraction • Spring MVC improvements © Zenika 2011 Spring 3.1 3
History • v. 0.9 : june 2003 (foundations) • v. 1.0 : march 2004 • v. 1.1 : september 2004 • v. 1.2 : may 2005 • v. 2.0 : october 2006 (XML namespaces) • v. 2.5 : november 2007 (annotations) • v. 3.0 : décember 2009 (Java config, SpEL, REST) © Zenika 2011 Spring 3.1 4
Environment • Inside the application context Environment Property Source Profile Property Source Profile © Zenika 2011 Spring 3.1 5
Environment / Property Source • Do you know this? <context:property-placeholder location="database.properties"/> <bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource"> <property name="driverClassName" value="${db.driver}" /> <property name="url" value="jdbc:${db.url}" /> <property name="username" value="${db.user}" /> <property name="password" value="${db.password}" /> </bean> database.properties db.driver=org.h2.driver db.url=jdbc:h2:mem:db1 db.user=sa db.password= © Zenika 2011 Spring 3.1 6
Environment / Property Source • Spring 3.1 introduces an abstraction for property sources • But what is a PropertySource anyway? db.driver=org.h2.driver db.url=jdbc:h2:mem:db1 Property Source = db.user=sa db.password= © Zenika 2011 Spring 3.1 7
Environment / PropertySource • Where do PropertySources come from? System and environment variables Properties files Properties PropertySource Resource PropertySource Servlet context and config JNDI ServletContext/Config PropertySource Jndi PropertySource © Zenika 2011 Spring 3.1 8
Environment / Property Source • How to refer to PropertySource? <bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource" destroy-method="close"> <property name="driverClass" value="${db.driver}"/> <property name="jdbcUrl" value="${db.url}"/> <property name="username" value="${db.user}"/> <property name="password" value="${db.password}"/> </bean> © Zenika 2011 Spring 3.1 9
Environment / Property Source • How to refer to PropertySource? @Configuration public class DatabaseConfiguration { @Value("${db.driver}") private String driver; @Value("${db.url}") private String url; @Value("${db.user}") private String user; @Value("${db.password}") private String password; @Bean public DataSource dataSource() { // creates DataSource return dataSource; } } © Zenika 2011 Spring 3.1 10
Environment / PropertySource • How to define a PropertySource ? <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:application.properties" /> © Zenika 2011 Spring 3.1 11
Environment / PropertySource • How to define a PropertySource ? <context:property-placeholder properties-ref="applicationProperties" /> <util:properties id="applicationProperties"> <prop key="db.driver">org.h2.Driver</prop> <prop key="db.url">jdbc:h2:mem:db1</prop> <prop key="db.user">sa</prop> <prop key="db.password"></prop> </util:properties> © Zenika 2011 Spring 3.1 12
Environment / PropertySource • How to define a PropertySource ? <context-param> <param-name>contextInitializerClasses</param-name> <param-value>com.zenika.SomeInitializer</param-value> </context-param> public class SomeInitializer implements ApplicationContextInitializer <ConfigurableApplicationContext> { public void initialize( ConfigurableApplicationContext ctx) { PropertySource ps = ... ctx.getEnvironment().getPropertySources().addFirst(ps); } } © Zenika 2011 Spring 3.1 13
Environment / PropertySource • Unified way to deal with properties • More flexible than simple property placeholder • Configurable programmatically, useful for test configs • Part of the new Environment abstraction © Zenika 2011 Spring 3.1 14
Environment / Profile Environment Property Source Profile Property Source Profile © Zenika 2011 Spring 3.1 15
Environment / Profile Application Context Service Repository "dev" profile "prod" profile Datasource Datasource © Zenika 2011 Spring 3.1 16
Environment / Profile • Different beans for different environments <bean class="com.zenika.ContactDao"> <constructor-arg ref="dataSource" /> </bean> <beans profile="test"> <jdbc:embedded-database id="dataSource" type="H2" /> </beans> <beans profile="prod"> <jee:jndi-lookup id="ds" jndi-name="java:comp/env/jdbc/ds" /> </beans> © Zenika 2011 Spring 3.1 17
Environment / Profile • Let's reach the clouds! <bean class="com.zenika.ContactDao"> <constructor-arg ref="dataSource" /> </bean> <beans profile="dev"> <jdbc:embedded-database id="dataSource" type="H2" /> </beans> <beans profile="cloud"> <cloud:data-source id="dataSource" service-name="contactDs"/> </beans> © Zenika 2011 Spring 3.1 18
Environment / Profile • Creating the application context for the test profile GenericXmlApplicationContext ctx = new GenericXmlApplicationContext(); ctx.getEnvironment().setActiveProfiles("test"); ctx.load("classpath:/application-context.xml"); ctx.refresh(); © Zenika 2011 Spring 3.1 19
Environment / Profile • Activating a profile declaratively -Dspring.profiles.active="prod" © Zenika 2011 Spring 3.1 20
Environment / Profile • Bootstrapping with the TestContext framework @RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class) @ContextConfiguration("classpath:/application-context.xml") @ActiveProfiles("test") public class ProfileTest { @Autowired private ContactDao contactDao; @Test public void getContact() throws Exception { ... } } © Zenika 2011 Spring 3.1 21
Environment / Profile • Just « prod » profile <bean class="com.zenika.spring31.ContactDao"> <constructor-arg ref="dataSource" /> </bean> <beans profile="prod"> <jee:jndi-lookup id="ds" jndi-name="java:comp/env/jdbc/ds" /> </beans> © Zenika 2011 Spring 3.1 22
Environment / Profile • Override what you need in the test @RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class) @ContextConfiguration( loader=AnnotationConfigContextLoader.class ) public class SpecialProfileTest { @Autowired private ContactDao contactDao; @Test public void getContact() throws Exception { ... } @Configuration @ImportResource("classpath:/application-context.xml") static class ContextConfiguration { @Bean public DataSource dataSource() { return new EmbeddedDatabaseBuilder().build(); } } } © Zenika 2011 Spring 3.1 23
Java configuration • Nothing equivalent to XML namespaces so far... @Transactional @Repository public class HibernateContactRepo { ... } <context:component-scan base-package="com.zenika" /> <tx:annotation-driven /> © Zenika 2011 Spring 3.1 24
Java configuration • Annotations equivalent to common XML shortcuts @Transactional @Repository public class HibernateContactRepo { ... } @Configuration @EnableTransactionManagement @ComponentScan(basePackageClasses=HibernateContactRepo.class) public class ContextConfiguration { ... } © Zenika 2011 Spring 3.1 25
Java configuration • Annotations equivalent to common XML shortcuts @Configuration @EnableTransactionManagement @ComponentScan(basePackageClasses=HibernateContactRepo.class) public class ContextConfiguration { @Bean public SessionFactory sf() throws Exception { return new AnnotationSessionFactoryBuilder() .setDataSource(dataSource()) .setPackagesToScan(Contact.class.getPackage().getName()) .buildSessionFactory(); } @Bean public PlatformTransactionManager tm() throws Exception { return new HibernateTransactionManager(sf()); } @Bean public DataSource dataSource() { return new EmbeddedDatabaseBuilder() .setType(EmbeddedDatabaseType.H2).build(); } } © Zenika 2011 Spring 3.1 26
Spring JPA • More support for persistence in Spring JPA public interface ContactRepository extends JpaRepository<Contact, Long> { } <jpa:repositories base-package="com.zenika.jpa" /> long initialCount = contactRepo.count(); Contact contact = new Contact(); contact.setFirstname("Arnaud"); contact.setLastname("Cogoluègnes"); contactRepo.save(contact); Assert.assertEquals(initialCount+1, contactRepo.count()); © Zenika 2011 Spring 3.1 27
Spring JPA • Define your own method, following conventions public interface ContactRepository extends JpaRepository<Contact, Long> { List<Contact> findByFirstname(String firstname); } List<Contact> contacts = contactRepo.findByFirstname("Arnaud"); © Zenika 2011 Spring 3.1 28
Spring JPA • Define JPQL queries for methods public interface ContactRepository extends JpaRepository<Contact, Long> { @Query("from Contact c where lower(c.firstname) = lower(?1)") List<Contact> find(String search); } List<Contact> contacts = contactRepo.find("arnaud"); © Zenika 2011 Spring 3.1 29
Spring JPA • Built-in support for pagination Pageable request = new PageRequest(1,2,new Sort("lastname")); Page<Contact> page = contactRepo.findAll(request); List<Contact> contacts = page.getContent(); long total = page.getTotalElements(); long number = page.getNumberOfElements(); © Zenika 2011 Spring 3.1 30
Quick note on Spring Data • Spring JPA is part of the Spring Data project • Spring Data is an umbrella project • Spring Data provides Spring support for « new » data access technologies • MongoDB, Neo4j, Riak, Redis, Hadoop • Support planned for additional NoSQL technologies • HBase, Cassandra, CouchDB • Don't hesitate to check out Spring Data! • http://www.springsource.org/spring-data © Zenika 2011 Spring 3.1 31
Cache support in Spring 3.1 • What about some transparent cache on method calls? public interface ContactRepository extends JpaRepository<Contact, Long> { Contact findOne(Long id); } Contact contact = contactRepo.findOne(contact.getId()); contact = contactRepo.findOne(contact.getId()); Hibernate: select contact0_.id as id0_0_, ... Hibernate: select contact0_.id as id0_0_, ... © Zenika 2011 Spring 3.1 32
Cache support in Spring 3.1 • Let's combine Spring JPA and Spring 3.1's cache support ! • NB: the cache support works on any kinds of beans public interface ContactRepository extends JpaRepository<Contact, Long> { @Cacheable("contacts") Contact findOne(Long id); } Contact contact = contactRepo.findOne(contact.getId()); contact = contactRepo.findOne(contact.getId()); Hibernate: select contact0_.id as id0_0_, ... © Zenika 2011 Spring 3.1 33
Cache support in Spring 3.1 • This is how to configure the cache <cache:annotation-driven /> <bean id="cacheManager" class="o.s.cache.support.SimpleCacheManager"> <property name="caches"> <set> <bean class="o.s.cache.concurrent.ConcurrentMapCache" c:name="contacts" /> </set> </property> </bean> © Zenika 2011 Spring 3.1 34
Cache support in Spring 3.1 • The cache support is an abstraction • The Spring Framework provides implementations • SimpleCacheManager • Uses collections of caches • Useful for testing or small, non-distributed environments • EhCacheCacheManager • Backed up by Ehcache • The Spring Gemfire project ships with an implementation © Zenika 2011 Spring 3.1 35
Cache support in Spring 3.1 • Can use expression for keys public interface ContactRepository extends JpaRepository<Contact, Long> { @Cacheable(value="contacts",key="#p0+'.'+#p1") Contact findByLastnameAndFirstname(String lastname, String firstname); } Contact contact = contactRepo.findByLastnameAndFirstname( "Cogoluègnes", "Arnaud"); contact = contactRepo.findByLastnameAndFirstname( "Cogoluègnes", "Arnaud"); Hibernate: select contact0_.id as id0_, ... © Zenika 2011 Spring 3.1 36
Cache support in Spring 3.1 • Method can do some housekeeping with @CacheEvict @Transactional public interface ContactRepository extends JpaRepository<Contact, Long> { @Cacheable("contacts") Contact findOne(Long id); @CacheEvict(value="contacts",key="#p0.id") Contact save(Contact contact); } © Zenika 2011 Spring 3.1 37
Cache support in Spring 3.1 • Spring's cache support can be used • on the data access layer • replaces 2nd level cache or provides cache for a JDBC-based layer • at the web tier level • caches business services calls or web services calls © Zenika 2011 Spring 3.1 38
Spring MVC enhancements • Easier registration of HttpMessageConverters • But what is a HttpMessageConverter anyway? • HttpMessageConverters are used in Spring's REST support • Java object to HTTP response conversion • From Java to XML, JSON, etc. • HTTP request to Java object conversion • From XML, JSON to Java • On the server but on the client side as well... © Zenika 2011 Spring 3.1 39
Spring MVC enhancements • Easier registration with a dedicated XML tag • Used to be directly at the HandlerAdapter level <mvc:annotation-driven> <mvc:message-converters register-defaults="false"> <bean class="com.zenika.web.ContactHttpMessageConverter" /> </mvc:message-converters> </mvc:annotation-driven> © Zenika 2011 Spring 3.1 40
Spring MVC enhancements • Java-based configuration • Same as <mvc:annotation-driven /> @Configuration @EnableWebMvc public class WebConfig extends WebMvcConfigurerAdapter { @Override public void configureMessageConverters( List<HttpMessageConverter<?>> converters) { converters.add(new ContactHttpMessageConverter()); } } © Zenika 2011 Spring 3.1 41
Spring MVC enhancements • Big refactoring on the way to process annotations @Controller public class ContactController { @Autowired private ContactRepository repo; @RequestMapping(value="/contacts/{id}", method=RequestMethod.GET ) @ResponseBody public Contact get(@PathVariable Long id) { return repo.findOne(id); } } © Zenika 2011 Spring 3.1 42
Spring MVC enhancements • Who used to process annotations like @RequestMapping, @RequestParam, etc? • Answer: the AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter. • Processing was hard-coded in the class • Spring 3.1 introduced the HandlerMethod abstraction • RequestMappingHandlerMapping • RequestMappingHandlerAdapter © Zenika 2011 Spring 3.1 43
Spring MVC enhancements • Consequences of the HandlerMethod abstraction • Backward compatible (@RequestMapping, @RequestParam & co). • More fine-grained control over controller method execution • Possible interception around the invocation of the controller • Pluggable mechanism on method argument • You can create your own @RequestParam-like annotations! • Check the HandlerMethodArgumentResolver and HandlerMethodReturnValueHandler interfaces © Zenika 2011 Spring 3.1 44
Support for Servlet 3.0 • Servlet 3.0 allows for programmatic registration • ServletContext.addServlet(String, Servlet) • ServletContext.addFilter(String, Filter) • Hook for frameworks • ServletContainerInitializer • Implementations listed in META-INF/services • In Spring: SpringServletContainerInitializer © Zenika 2011 Spring 3.1 45
Support for Servlet 3.0 • SpringServletContainerInitializer triggers WebApplicationInitializers • WebApplicationInitializer • The API to use • Detected and called by Spring (through the web container) • Used for initialization • Registering a DispatcherServlet • Bootstrapping the Spring ApplicationContext © Zenika 2011 Spring 3.1 46
Support for Servlet 3.0 • No need of web.xml anymore public class ZenContactInitializer implements WebApplicationInitializer { @Override public void onStartup(ServletContext sc) throws ServletException { AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext rootContext = new AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext(); rootContext.register(WebConfig.class); sc.addListener(new ContextLoaderListener(rootContext)); AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext dispatcherContext = new AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext(); dispatcherContext.register(DispatcherConfig.class); ServletRegistration.Dynamic dispatcher = sc.addServlet( "dispatcher", new DispatcherServlet(dispatcherContext)); dispatcher.setLoadOnStartup(1); dispatcher.addMapping("/main"); } } © Zenika 2011 Spring 3.1 47
Resources • Summary • http://blog.springsource.com/2011/02/11/spring-framework-3-1-m1-released/ • http://blog.springsource.com/2011/06/09/spring-framework-3-1-m2-released/ • Environment • http://blog.springsource.com/2011/02/14/spring-3-1-m1-introducing-profile/ • http://blog.springsource.com/2011/06/21/spring-3-1-m2-testing-with-configuration- classes-and-profiles/ • http://blog.springsource.com/2011/02/15/spring-3-1-m1-unified-property-management/ • Cache abstraction • http://blog.springsource.com/2011/02/23/spring-3-1-m1-caching/ • Spring JPA • http://blog.springsource.com/2011/02/10/getting-started-with-spring-data-jpa/ • http://blog.springsource.com/2011/07/27/fine-tuning-spring-data-repositories/ • Spring MVC • http://blog.springsource.com/2011/02/21/spring-3-1-m1-mvc-namespace- enhancements-and-configuration/ • http://blog.springsource.com/2011/06/13/spring-3-1-m2-spring-mvc-enhancements-2/ © Zenika 2011 Spring 3.1 48
Questions ? © Zenika 2011 Spring 3.1 49

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Spring 3.1

  • 1. Spring 3.1 © Zenika 2011 Spring 3.1 1
  • 2. Speaker's qualifications • Arnaud Cogoluègnes • Consultant with Zenika • Has been using Spring since 2005 • SpringSource certified trainer • Co-author: • Spring par la pratique, 2nd edition • Spring Dynamic Modules in Action • Spring Batch in Action © Zenika 2011 Spring 3.1 2
  • 3. Agenda • History • Environment • Java configuration • Spring JPA • Cache abstraction • Spring MVC improvements © Zenika 2011 Spring 3.1 3
  • 4. History • v. 0.9 : june 2003 (foundations) • v. 1.0 : march 2004 • v. 1.1 : september 2004 • v. 1.2 : may 2005 • v. 2.0 : october 2006 (XML namespaces) • v. 2.5 : november 2007 (annotations) • v. 3.0 : décember 2009 (Java config, SpEL, REST) © Zenika 2011 Spring 3.1 4
  • 5. Environment • Inside the application context Environment Property Source Profile Property Source Profile © Zenika 2011 Spring 3.1 5
  • 6. Environment / Property Source • Do you know this? <context:property-placeholder location="database.properties"/> <bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource"> <property name="driverClassName" value="${db.driver}" /> <property name="url" value="jdbc:${db.url}" /> <property name="username" value="${db.user}" /> <property name="password" value="${db.password}" /> </bean> database.properties db.driver=org.h2.driver db.url=jdbc:h2:mem:db1 db.user=sa db.password= © Zenika 2011 Spring 3.1 6
  • 7. Environment / Property Source • Spring 3.1 introduces an abstraction for property sources • But what is a PropertySource anyway? db.driver=org.h2.driver db.url=jdbc:h2:mem:db1 Property Source = db.user=sa db.password= © Zenika 2011 Spring 3.1 7
  • 8. Environment / PropertySource • Where do PropertySources come from? System and environment variables Properties files Properties PropertySource Resource PropertySource Servlet context and config JNDI ServletContext/Config PropertySource Jndi PropertySource © Zenika 2011 Spring 3.1 8
  • 9. Environment / Property Source • How to refer to PropertySource? <bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource" destroy-method="close"> <property name="driverClass" value="${db.driver}"/> <property name="jdbcUrl" value="${db.url}"/> <property name="username" value="${db.user}"/> <property name="password" value="${db.password}"/> </bean> © Zenika 2011 Spring 3.1 9
  • 10. Environment / Property Source • How to refer to PropertySource? @Configuration public class DatabaseConfiguration { @Value("${db.driver}") private String driver; @Value("${db.url}") private String url; @Value("${db.user}") private String user; @Value("${db.password}") private String password; @Bean public DataSource dataSource() { // creates DataSource return dataSource; } } © Zenika 2011 Spring 3.1 10
  • 11. Environment / PropertySource • How to define a PropertySource ? <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:application.properties" /> © Zenika 2011 Spring 3.1 11
  • 12. Environment / PropertySource • How to define a PropertySource ? <context:property-placeholder properties-ref="applicationProperties" /> <util:properties id="applicationProperties"> <prop key="db.driver">org.h2.Driver</prop> <prop key="db.url">jdbc:h2:mem:db1</prop> <prop key="db.user">sa</prop> <prop key="db.password"></prop> </util:properties> © Zenika 2011 Spring 3.1 12
  • 13. Environment / PropertySource • How to define a PropertySource ? <context-param> <param-name>contextInitializerClasses</param-name> <param-value>com.zenika.SomeInitializer</param-value> </context-param> public class SomeInitializer implements ApplicationContextInitializer <ConfigurableApplicationContext> { public void initialize( ConfigurableApplicationContext ctx) { PropertySource ps = ... ctx.getEnvironment().getPropertySources().addFirst(ps); } } © Zenika 2011 Spring 3.1 13
  • 14. Environment / PropertySource • Unified way to deal with properties • More flexible than simple property placeholder • Configurable programmatically, useful for test configs • Part of the new Environment abstraction © Zenika 2011 Spring 3.1 14
  • 15. Environment / Profile Environment Property Source Profile Property Source Profile © Zenika 2011 Spring 3.1 15
  • 16. Environment / Profile Application Context Service Repository "dev" profile "prod" profile Datasource Datasource © Zenika 2011 Spring 3.1 16
  • 17. Environment / Profile • Different beans for different environments <bean class="com.zenika.ContactDao"> <constructor-arg ref="dataSource" /> </bean> <beans profile="test"> <jdbc:embedded-database id="dataSource" type="H2" /> </beans> <beans profile="prod"> <jee:jndi-lookup id="ds" jndi-name="java:comp/env/jdbc/ds" /> </beans> © Zenika 2011 Spring 3.1 17
  • 18. Environment / Profile • Let's reach the clouds! <bean class="com.zenika.ContactDao"> <constructor-arg ref="dataSource" /> </bean> <beans profile="dev"> <jdbc:embedded-database id="dataSource" type="H2" /> </beans> <beans profile="cloud"> <cloud:data-source id="dataSource" service-name="contactDs"/> </beans> © Zenika 2011 Spring 3.1 18
  • 19. Environment / Profile • Creating the application context for the test profile GenericXmlApplicationContext ctx = new GenericXmlApplicationContext(); ctx.getEnvironment().setActiveProfiles("test"); ctx.load("classpath:/application-context.xml"); ctx.refresh(); © Zenika 2011 Spring 3.1 19
  • 20. Environment / Profile • Activating a profile declaratively -Dspring.profiles.active="prod" © Zenika 2011 Spring 3.1 20
  • 21. Environment / Profile • Bootstrapping with the TestContext framework @RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class) @ContextConfiguration("classpath:/application-context.xml") @ActiveProfiles("test") public class ProfileTest { @Autowired private ContactDao contactDao; @Test public void getContact() throws Exception { ... } } © Zenika 2011 Spring 3.1 21
  • 22. Environment / Profile • Just « prod » profile <bean class="com.zenika.spring31.ContactDao"> <constructor-arg ref="dataSource" /> </bean> <beans profile="prod"> <jee:jndi-lookup id="ds" jndi-name="java:comp/env/jdbc/ds" /> </beans> © Zenika 2011 Spring 3.1 22
  • 23. Environment / Profile • Override what you need in the test @RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class) @ContextConfiguration( loader=AnnotationConfigContextLoader.class ) public class SpecialProfileTest { @Autowired private ContactDao contactDao; @Test public void getContact() throws Exception { ... } @Configuration @ImportResource("classpath:/application-context.xml") static class ContextConfiguration { @Bean public DataSource dataSource() { return new EmbeddedDatabaseBuilder().build(); } } } © Zenika 2011 Spring 3.1 23
  • 24. Java configuration • Nothing equivalent to XML namespaces so far... @Transactional @Repository public class HibernateContactRepo { ... } <context:component-scan base-package="com.zenika" /> <tx:annotation-driven /> © Zenika 2011 Spring 3.1 24
  • 25. Java configuration • Annotations equivalent to common XML shortcuts @Transactional @Repository public class HibernateContactRepo { ... } @Configuration @EnableTransactionManagement @ComponentScan(basePackageClasses=HibernateContactRepo.class) public class ContextConfiguration { ... } © Zenika 2011 Spring 3.1 25
  • 26. Java configuration • Annotations equivalent to common XML shortcuts @Configuration @EnableTransactionManagement @ComponentScan(basePackageClasses=HibernateContactRepo.class) public class ContextConfiguration { @Bean public SessionFactory sf() throws Exception { return new AnnotationSessionFactoryBuilder() .setDataSource(dataSource()) .setPackagesToScan(Contact.class.getPackage().getName()) .buildSessionFactory(); } @Bean public PlatformTransactionManager tm() throws Exception { return new HibernateTransactionManager(sf()); } @Bean public DataSource dataSource() { return new EmbeddedDatabaseBuilder() .setType(EmbeddedDatabaseType.H2).build(); } } © Zenika 2011 Spring 3.1 26
  • 27. Spring JPA • More support for persistence in Spring JPA public interface ContactRepository extends JpaRepository<Contact, Long> { } <jpa:repositories base-package="com.zenika.jpa" /> long initialCount = contactRepo.count(); Contact contact = new Contact(); contact.setFirstname("Arnaud"); contact.setLastname("Cogoluègnes"); contactRepo.save(contact); Assert.assertEquals(initialCount+1, contactRepo.count()); © Zenika 2011 Spring 3.1 27
  • 28. Spring JPA • Define your own method, following conventions public interface ContactRepository extends JpaRepository<Contact, Long> { List<Contact> findByFirstname(String firstname); } List<Contact> contacts = contactRepo.findByFirstname("Arnaud"); © Zenika 2011 Spring 3.1 28
  • 29. Spring JPA • Define JPQL queries for methods public interface ContactRepository extends JpaRepository<Contact, Long> { @Query("from Contact c where lower(c.firstname) = lower(?1)") List<Contact> find(String search); } List<Contact> contacts = contactRepo.find("arnaud"); © Zenika 2011 Spring 3.1 29
  • 30. Spring JPA • Built-in support for pagination Pageable request = new PageRequest(1,2,new Sort("lastname")); Page<Contact> page = contactRepo.findAll(request); List<Contact> contacts = page.getContent(); long total = page.getTotalElements(); long number = page.getNumberOfElements(); © Zenika 2011 Spring 3.1 30
  • 31. Quick note on Spring Data • Spring JPA is part of the Spring Data project • Spring Data is an umbrella project • Spring Data provides Spring support for « new » data access technologies • MongoDB, Neo4j, Riak, Redis, Hadoop • Support planned for additional NoSQL technologies • HBase, Cassandra, CouchDB • Don't hesitate to check out Spring Data! • http://www.springsource.org/spring-data © Zenika 2011 Spring 3.1 31
  • 32. Cache support in Spring 3.1 • What about some transparent cache on method calls? public interface ContactRepository extends JpaRepository<Contact, Long> { Contact findOne(Long id); } Contact contact = contactRepo.findOne(contact.getId()); contact = contactRepo.findOne(contact.getId()); Hibernate: select contact0_.id as id0_0_, ... Hibernate: select contact0_.id as id0_0_, ... © Zenika 2011 Spring 3.1 32
  • 33. Cache support in Spring 3.1 • Let's combine Spring JPA and Spring 3.1's cache support ! • NB: the cache support works on any kinds of beans public interface ContactRepository extends JpaRepository<Contact, Long> { @Cacheable("contacts") Contact findOne(Long id); } Contact contact = contactRepo.findOne(contact.getId()); contact = contactRepo.findOne(contact.getId()); Hibernate: select contact0_.id as id0_0_, ... © Zenika 2011 Spring 3.1 33
  • 34. Cache support in Spring 3.1 • This is how to configure the cache <cache:annotation-driven /> <bean id="cacheManager" class="o.s.cache.support.SimpleCacheManager"> <property name="caches"> <set> <bean class="o.s.cache.concurrent.ConcurrentMapCache" c:name="contacts" /> </set> </property> </bean> © Zenika 2011 Spring 3.1 34
  • 35. Cache support in Spring 3.1 • The cache support is an abstraction • The Spring Framework provides implementations • SimpleCacheManager • Uses collections of caches • Useful for testing or small, non-distributed environments • EhCacheCacheManager • Backed up by Ehcache • The Spring Gemfire project ships with an implementation © Zenika 2011 Spring 3.1 35
  • 36. Cache support in Spring 3.1 • Can use expression for keys public interface ContactRepository extends JpaRepository<Contact, Long> { @Cacheable(value="contacts",key="#p0+'.'+#p1") Contact findByLastnameAndFirstname(String lastname, String firstname); } Contact contact = contactRepo.findByLastnameAndFirstname( "Cogoluègnes", "Arnaud"); contact = contactRepo.findByLastnameAndFirstname( "Cogoluègnes", "Arnaud"); Hibernate: select contact0_.id as id0_, ... © Zenika 2011 Spring 3.1 36
  • 37. Cache support in Spring 3.1 • Method can do some housekeeping with @CacheEvict @Transactional public interface ContactRepository extends JpaRepository<Contact, Long> { @Cacheable("contacts") Contact findOne(Long id); @CacheEvict(value="contacts",key="#p0.id") Contact save(Contact contact); } © Zenika 2011 Spring 3.1 37
  • 38. Cache support in Spring 3.1 • Spring's cache support can be used • on the data access layer • replaces 2nd level cache or provides cache for a JDBC-based layer • at the web tier level • caches business services calls or web services calls © Zenika 2011 Spring 3.1 38
  • 39. Spring MVC enhancements • Easier registration of HttpMessageConverters • But what is a HttpMessageConverter anyway? • HttpMessageConverters are used in Spring's REST support • Java object to HTTP response conversion • From Java to XML, JSON, etc. • HTTP request to Java object conversion • From XML, JSON to Java • On the server but on the client side as well... © Zenika 2011 Spring 3.1 39
  • 40. Spring MVC enhancements • Easier registration with a dedicated XML tag • Used to be directly at the HandlerAdapter level <mvc:annotation-driven> <mvc:message-converters register-defaults="false"> <bean class="com.zenika.web.ContactHttpMessageConverter" /> </mvc:message-converters> </mvc:annotation-driven> © Zenika 2011 Spring 3.1 40
  • 41. Spring MVC enhancements • Java-based configuration • Same as <mvc:annotation-driven /> @Configuration @EnableWebMvc public class WebConfig extends WebMvcConfigurerAdapter { @Override public void configureMessageConverters( List<HttpMessageConverter<?>> converters) { converters.add(new ContactHttpMessageConverter()); } } © Zenika 2011 Spring 3.1 41
  • 42. Spring MVC enhancements • Big refactoring on the way to process annotations @Controller public class ContactController { @Autowired private ContactRepository repo; @RequestMapping(value="/contacts/{id}", method=RequestMethod.GET ) @ResponseBody public Contact get(@PathVariable Long id) { return repo.findOne(id); } } © Zenika 2011 Spring 3.1 42
  • 43. Spring MVC enhancements • Who used to process annotations like @RequestMapping, @RequestParam, etc? • Answer: the AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter. • Processing was hard-coded in the class • Spring 3.1 introduced the HandlerMethod abstraction • RequestMappingHandlerMapping • RequestMappingHandlerAdapter © Zenika 2011 Spring 3.1 43
  • 44. Spring MVC enhancements • Consequences of the HandlerMethod abstraction • Backward compatible (@RequestMapping, @RequestParam & co). • More fine-grained control over controller method execution • Possible interception around the invocation of the controller • Pluggable mechanism on method argument • You can create your own @RequestParam-like annotations! • Check the HandlerMethodArgumentResolver and HandlerMethodReturnValueHandler interfaces © Zenika 2011 Spring 3.1 44
  • 45. Support for Servlet 3.0 • Servlet 3.0 allows for programmatic registration • ServletContext.addServlet(String, Servlet) • ServletContext.addFilter(String, Filter) • Hook for frameworks • ServletContainerInitializer • Implementations listed in META-INF/services • In Spring: SpringServletContainerInitializer © Zenika 2011 Spring 3.1 45
  • 46. Support for Servlet 3.0 • SpringServletContainerInitializer triggers WebApplicationInitializers • WebApplicationInitializer • The API to use • Detected and called by Spring (through the web container) • Used for initialization • Registering a DispatcherServlet • Bootstrapping the Spring ApplicationContext © Zenika 2011 Spring 3.1 46
  • 47. Support for Servlet 3.0 • No need of web.xml anymore public class ZenContactInitializer implements WebApplicationInitializer { @Override public void onStartup(ServletContext sc) throws ServletException { AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext rootContext = new AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext(); rootContext.register(WebConfig.class); sc.addListener(new ContextLoaderListener(rootContext)); AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext dispatcherContext = new AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext(); dispatcherContext.register(DispatcherConfig.class); ServletRegistration.Dynamic dispatcher = sc.addServlet( "dispatcher", new DispatcherServlet(dispatcherContext)); dispatcher.setLoadOnStartup(1); dispatcher.addMapping("/main"); } } © Zenika 2011 Spring 3.1 47
  • 48. Resources • Summary • http://blog.springsource.com/2011/02/11/spring-framework-3-1-m1-released/ • http://blog.springsource.com/2011/06/09/spring-framework-3-1-m2-released/ • Environment • http://blog.springsource.com/2011/02/14/spring-3-1-m1-introducing-profile/ • http://blog.springsource.com/2011/06/21/spring-3-1-m2-testing-with-configuration- classes-and-profiles/ • http://blog.springsource.com/2011/02/15/spring-3-1-m1-unified-property-management/ • Cache abstraction • http://blog.springsource.com/2011/02/23/spring-3-1-m1-caching/ • Spring JPA • http://blog.springsource.com/2011/02/10/getting-started-with-spring-data-jpa/ • http://blog.springsource.com/2011/07/27/fine-tuning-spring-data-repositories/ • Spring MVC • http://blog.springsource.com/2011/02/21/spring-3-1-m1-mvc-namespace- enhancements-and-configuration/ • http://blog.springsource.com/2011/06/13/spring-3-1-m2-spring-mvc-enhancements-2/ © Zenika 2011 Spring 3.1 48
  • 49. Questions ? © Zenika 2011 Spring 3.1 49