Spring Boot 3 And Beyond
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Dan Vega discussed new features and capabilities in Spring Boot 3 and beyond, including support for JDK 17, Jakarta EE 9, ahead-of-time compilation, observability with Micrometer, Docker Compose integration, and initial support for Project Loom's virtual threads in Spring Boot 3.2 to improve scalability. He provided an overview of each new feature and explained how they can help Spring applications.
Spring Boot 3 And Beyond
- 1. Dan Vega Spring Developer Advocate Spring Boot 3 & Beyond © 2020 Spring. A VMware-backed project.
- 2. Cover w/ Image About Me ● Husband & Father ● Cleveland, OH ● Software Developer 22+ Years ● Spring Developer Advocate ● Content Creator www.danvega.dev ● Writing - Blog & Newsletter ● YouTuber ● @therealdanvega
- 4. Cover w/ Image A new generation of Spring for 2023 and beyond ● Spring Boot 3 ● JDK 17+ ● Jakarta EE 9 / 10 (Jakarta namespace) ● AOT (Ahead-Of-Time) Compilation ● Observability (Micrometer) ● But wait, there's more! ● Spring Boot 3.1 ● Docker Compose Module ● Spring Boot 3.2 ● Virtual Threads (“Project Loom”)
- 8. Baseline: JDK 17 LTS Language: text blocks, switch expressions Core libraries: collection factory methods, etc Type system: records, sealed classes Module system: module introspection, module path scanning Performance Improvements Security Updates Empowering the framework as well as applications
- 9. JDK 17 / 20 / 21 Spring generally embraces the latest JDK/JVM versions JDK 17 baseline retained for long-term support purposes E.g. in JDK 20: virtual threads, record patterns (preview) JDK 21 on the horizon as next long-term support release Consider upgrading your JDK along with Spring Framework 6.x
- 10. Baseline: Jakarta EE 9 A new namespace: Java EE 8 → Jakarta EE 9 Servlet API 5.0 : javax.servlet → jakarta.servlet JPA 3.0 : javax.persistence → jakarta.persistence Bean Validation 3.0 : javax.validation → jakarta.validation Dependency Injection 2.0 : javax.inject → jakarta.inject All further API evolution to happen in jakarta namespace
- 11. Migrating with the help of IDEs & Tools
- 12. Jakarta EE 9 / 10 Tomcat 10.0 / 10.1 – Servlet API 5.0 / 6.0 Jetty 11 / 12 – Servlet API 5.0 / 6.0 Undertow 2.3 – Servlet API 6.0 Hibernate ORM 6.1 – JPA 3.0 / 3.1 Hibernate Validator 7.0 / 8.0 – Bean Validation 3.0 Note: API upgrades not coupled to major provider versions anymore!
- 13. Ahead-of-Time
- 14. What is it? ● What is Ahead of Time Compilation? ● Java is a dynamic language ● Runtime hints for reflection, resources, serialization, proxies ● Precondition for GraalVM native executables ● Reducing startup time and memory footprint in production ● AOT is a tradeoff; extra build setup and less flexibility at runtime
- 15. Why Compile to Native?
- 16. Use Cases for Native Images
- 17. Observability
- 18. Observability Observability is the ability to observe the internal state of a running system from the outside. It consists of the three pillars logging, metrics and traces. Direct Observability instrumentation with Micrometer Observation in several parts of the Spring Framework. RestTemplate and WebClient are instrumented to produce HTTP client request observations. Spring Cloud Sleuth no longer needed for Distributed Tracing
- 19. Observation API
- 20. Spring Boot 3 - But wait there’s more! HTTP Interface Client RFC 7807 Problem Details Spring Data 2022 Spring Security 6 Spring Authorization Server 1.0 Spring for GraphQL 1.1 More
- 21. Spring Boot 3.1
- 22. Spring Boot 3.1 Using Testcontainers at Development Time Docker Compose spring-boot-docker-compose module Auto-Configuration for Spring Authorization Server Building Docker Images with Maven or Gradle Spring for GraphQL 1.2 Dependency Upgrades https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-boot/wiki/Spring-Boot-3.1-Release-Notes
- 26. Demo
- 27. Spring Boot 3.2
- 28. Project Loom / Virtual Threads
- 29. What is a Thread in Java ● Java is Multithreaded by default ● java.lang.Thread ● Abstraction over operating system threads ● Every thread is essentially a wrapper over an OS thread ● OS/JVM thread = platform thread ● Platform threads are expensive ● Take a lot of memory / take time to create & destroy ● Traditional threads are stored on the JVM stack
- 30. Project Loom is to intended to explore, incubate and deliver Java VM features and APIs built on top of them for the purpose of supporting easy-to-use, high-throughput lightweight concurrency and new programming models on the Java platform.
- 31. Project Loom Project Loom includes the following JEPs. ● JEP 425: Virtual Threads (Preview) was integrated in JDK 19 ● JEP 428: Structured Concurrency (Incubator) was integrated in JDK 19. ● JEP 429: Scoped Values (Incubator) has been integrated for JDK 20.
- 32. “Project Loom” Virtual Threads Virtual Threads ● JDK 19 includes Virtual Threads as a Preview Feature ● Targeted for JDK 21 ● Not Linked to an OS thread ● Use the heap for the stack (potential implications for GC) ● Have their own scheduler ● Created for a task and then allowed to terminate ● Do not pool virtual threads
- 39. Virtual Threads & Spring Applications
- 40. Embracing Virtual Threads in Spring Applications Web Applications. ● Servlet callback based on Input / Output Stream ● Tomcat / Jetty Executor setup for dispatching to request handlers ● “Loom-ready” database drivers, scalable connection pool setup ● Ideally no code changes in the main application codebase ● Virtual threads supported in GraalVM Native Image as well ● Significant scalability benefits for database driven web applications
- 41. Embracing Virtual Threads in Spring Applications Messaging / Scheduling ● Spring managed task executors with virtual thread options ● JMS Message Listener containers ● @Scheduled handler methods ● Many of those listeners and handlers methods trigger I/O operations
- 42. Embracing Virtual Threads in Spring Applications Where it doesn’t make sense ● Purely CPU bound handler methods ● Reactive based web applications
- 43. Virtual Threads Loom vs Reactive Programming ● Virtual Threads provide a different scalability mechanism ● Traditional imperative programming style ● Empowering Spring MVC to reach maximum scalability ● Spring Webflux as an architecture for stream based processing ● Reactive: Stream based processing not primarily for scalability (anymore)
- 44. Demo
- 45. Spring Framework 6.0 – available now Foundation for Spring Boot 3.0 & 3.1 Production-ready on JDK 17 LTS Regular stream of 6.0.x releases in 2023
- 46. Spring Framework 6.1 – November 2023 Foundation for Spring Boot 3.2 & 3.3 Production-ready on JDK 17 & 21 LTS Release candidate expected in October 2023
- 47. Thank you Contact me at dvega@vmware.com @therealdanvega Copyright © 2020 VMware, Inc. or its affiliates.