Stack_and_Queue_Presentation_Final (1).pptx

Stack and Queue
• Introduction, Representation, Operations &
Applications
• Presented by [Your Name]

Stack - Introduction
• A stack is a linear data structure that follows
the LIFO (Last In First Out) principle.
• Real-life Example: Stack of plates
•
A stack is a collection of elements with two principal operations: push and pop. It follows the LIFO
principle, where the last element added is the first to be removed.

Stack - Representation
• Can be represented using:
• - Arrays
• - Linked List
• Top of stack points to the most recently added
element.
•
Stacks can be implemented using arrays or linked lists. The 'top' pointer keeps track of the last inserted
element.

Stack - Operations
• 1. push(element): Add element to top
• 2. pop(): Remove top element
• 3. peek(): View top element
• 4. isEmpty(): Check if stack is empty

Applications of Stack
• - Expression Evaluation (Postfix/Infix)
• - Undo operations in text editors
• - Recursive Function Calls
• - Backtracking Algorithms
•
Used in expression parsing, recursive function calls, undo mechanisms, and backtracking algorithms.

Queue - Introduction
• A queue is a linear data structure that follows
the FIFO (First In First Out) principle.
• Real-life Example: Queue at a ticket counter

Queue - Representation
• Can be represented using:
• - Arrays
• - Linked Lists
• Maintains front and rear pointers
•
Queues use two pointers: 'front' and 'rear' for tracking the first and last elements. Implemented using
arrays or linked lists.

Queue - Operations
• 1. enqueue(element): Add to rear
• 2. dequeue(): Remove from front
• 3. peek(): View front element
• 4. isEmpty(): Check if queue is empty

Types of Queue
• - Simple Queue
• - Circular Queue
• - Priority Queue
• - Double-Ended Queue (Deque)
•
1. Simple Queue: FIFO structure
2. Circular Queue: Efficient space usage
3. Priority Queue: Based on priority
4. Deque: Insert/delete from both ends.

Applications of Queue
• - CPU & Disk Scheduling
• - Print Spooling
• - Handling Asynchronous Data
• - Call Center Systems
•
Used in scheduling (CPU, disk), print jobs, asynchronous data, and systems like call centers.

Stack - Java Pseudocode
• class Stack {
• int[] stack = new int[100];
• int top = -1;
• void push(int x) {
• stack[++top] = x;
• }
• int pop() {
• return stack[top--];
• }
• int peek() {
• return stack[top];
• }

Queue - Java Pseudocode
• class Queue {
• int[] queue = new int[100];
• int front = 0, rear = -1;
• void enqueue(int x) {
• queue[++rear] = x;
• }
• int dequeue() {
• return queue[front++];
• }
• int peek() {
• return queue[front];
• }

Stack - Explanation
• A stack is a collection of elements with two
principal operations: push (to insert an
element) and pop (to remove the top
element). It operates on the LIFO principle,
meaning the last element added is the first to
be removed.

Stack - Representation Explanation
• Stacks can be implemented using arrays or
linked lists. In an array-based implementation,
a single variable 'top' is used to track the last
inserted element. In a linked list, each node
points to the next, and the top points to the
last inserted node.

Stack - Applications Explanation
• Stacks are used in many areas like expression
parsing, function call management in
recursion, undo features in applications, and
backtracking algorithms such as maze solving.

Queue - Representation
Explanation
• Queues are implemented using arrays or
linked lists. It uses two pointers: front (points
to the first element) and rear (points to the
last element). This setup helps manage
insertion and deletion from opposite ends
efficiently.

Types of Queue - Explanation
• 1. Simple Queue: FIFO structure.
• 2. Circular Queue: Connects end to front for
efficient space use.
• 3. Priority Queue: Elements are processed
based on priority.
• 4. Deque: Double-ended queue allowing
insertion/deletion from both ends.

Queue - Applications Explanation
• Queues are used in scheduling algorithms
(CPU, disk), managing print jobs,
asynchronous data transfer, and in real-world
scenarios like call centers or waiting lines
where order must be preserved.

Stack_and_Queue_Presentation_Final (1).pptx

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