Steel Structures and its applications in engineering
- 2. OUTLINES • HISTORICAL INTRODUCTION • ADVANTAGES &DISADVANTAGES • TYPES OF STEEL STRUCTURES • TYPES OF SECTIONS • STRUCTURAL DESIGN • CONSTRUCTION TECHNIQUES • CONCLUSION
- 4. H HISTORICAL ISTORICAL I INTRODUCTION NTRODUCTION • Sir Henry Bessemer, first to invent Sir Henry Bessemer, first to invent mass production process mass production process of steel sections of steel sections • Steel structures first gained Steel structures first gained popularity in the early 20th century popularity in the early 20th century WHICH MAKES THE ADVANTURE BEGINS… WHICH MAKES THE ADVANTURE BEGINS…
- 7. Walt Disney Concert Hall Walt Disney Concert Hall
- 9. Bird's Nest Stadium Bird's Nest Stadium
- 10. Off Shore Platform Structures
- 11. A ADVANTAGES DVANTAGES • Larger Clear Spans Larger Clear Spans • Smaller Column Smaller Column • Economical Design Flexibility Economical Design Flexibility • Reduced Construction Time Reduced Construction Time • Reduced Foundation Costs Reduced Foundation Costs • Reduced Construction Financing Costs Reduced Construction Financing Costs • Superior Seismic Performance Superior Seismic Performance • Complete Recyclability Complete Recyclability
- 12. D DISADVANTAGES ISADVANTAGES • Corrosion Corrosion • Fireproof Treatment Fireproof Treatment • Fatigue and Fracture Fatigue and Fracture
- 14. T TYPES YPES O OF F S STEEL TEEL S STRUCTURES TRUCTURES • Quonset Hut Steel Buildings
- 15. • Steel Bridges T TYPES YPES O OF F S STEEL TEEL S STRUCTURES TRUCTURES
- 16. • Steel Towers T TYPES YPES O OF F S STEEL TEEL S STRUCTURES TRUCTURES
- 18. • Residential Buildings T TYPES YPES O OF F S STEEL TEEL S STRUCTURES TRUCTURES
- 20. S STEEL TEEL C CROSS ROSS S SECTION ECTION • Hot rolled sections: Hot rolled sections: I-Sections (IPN, IPE, HEA, HEB) I-Sections (IPN, IPE, HEA, HEB)
- 21. S STEEL TEEL C CROSS ROSS S SECTION ECTION • Hot rolled sections: Hot rolled sections: 2-Channel Sections (UPN) 2-Channel Sections (UPN)
- 22. S STEEL TEEL C CROSS ROSS S SECTION ECTION Hot rolled sections: Hot rolled sections: 3-Angles sections 3-Angles sections
- 23. S STEEL TEEL C CROSS ROSS S SECTION ECTION Hot rolled sections: Hot rolled sections: 4-Tubes (pipes) and Hollow sections 4-Tubes (pipes) and Hollow sections
- 24. S STEEL TEEL C CROSS ROSS S SECTION ECTION • Hot rolled sections: Hot rolled sections: 5-Plates 5-Plates
- 25. S STEEL TEEL C CROSS ROSS S SECTION ECTION • Cold formed section Cold formed section
- 26. S STEEL TEEL C CROSS ROSS S SECTION ECTION • Built up section Built up section
- 27. S STRUCTURAL TRUCTURAL D DESIGN ESIGN Mechanical Properties of Steel Mechanical Properties of Steel
- 31. S STRUCTURAL TRUCTURAL D DESIGN ESIGN 2) Covering materials 2) Covering materials
- 32. S STRUCTURAL TRUCTURAL D DESIGN ESIGN 2) Bracing Systems 2) Bracing Systems
- 33. S STRUCTURAL TRUCTURAL D DESIGN ESIGN 2) Bracing Systems 2) Bracing Systems
- 35. S STRUCTURAL TRUCTURAL D DESIGN ESIGN 1) 1) Bolted Connections Bolted Connections
- 36. S STRUCTURAL TRUCTURAL D DESIGN ESIGN • Welded connections Welded connections
- 37. C CONSTRUCTION ONSTRUCTION T TECHNIQUE ECHNIQUE • Steel construction is a process of Steel construction is a process of connecting steel members connecting steel members
- 39. Bolted Connections Bolted Connections A) A)Holes: Holes: Holes larger than usual Holes larger than usual can be provided to ease can be provided to ease erection and take care of lack-of-fit erection and take care of lack-of-fit C CONSTRUCTION ONSTRUCTION T TECHNIQUE ECHNIQUE
- 40. B) Tightening methods B) Tightening methods • Turn-of-nut tightening method Turn-of-nut tightening method • Calibrated wrench tightening method Calibrated wrench tightening method • Alternate design bolt installation Alternate design bolt installation • Direct tension indicator Direct tension indicator method method C CONSTRUCTION ONSTRUCTION T TECHNIQUE ECHNIQUE
- 41. C) Safety Precautions C) Safety Precautions • Bolt connections cleaned and visually Bolt connections cleaned and visually examined examined • Correct sequence, location, and Correct sequence, location, and orientation orientation • Bolted connections are tightened as Bolted connections are tightened as designed designed • Protection against corrosion Protection against corrosion • Human safety Human safety C CONSTRUCTION ONSTRUCTION T TECHNIQUE ECHNIQUE
- 42. Welded Connections Welded Connections A) A)Welding technique Welding technique • Manual technique: Manual technique: 1. 1. Electrode welding Electrode welding 2. 2. Oxy acetylene welding Oxy acetylene welding C CONSTRUCTION ONSTRUCTION T TECHNIQUE ECHNIQUE
- 43. C CONSTRUCTION ONSTRUCTION T TECHNIQUE ECHNIQUE • Semi-Automatic technique: Semi-Automatic technique: 1. 1. MIG: Metal Inert Gas or MAG: Metal Active MIG: Metal Inert Gas or MAG: Metal Active Gas Gas
- 44. • Automatic technique: Automatic technique: 1. 1. Plasma brazing Plasma brazing 2. 2. Laser brazing Laser brazing C CONSTRUCTION ONSTRUCTION T TECHNIQUE ECHNIQUE
- 45. B) Safety Precautions B) Safety Precautions • Unauthorized persons don’t use welding Unauthorized persons don’t use welding equipments equipments • Remove all flammable material Remove all flammable material • Wear gloves, goggle, helmet and proper Wear gloves, goggle, helmet and proper cloths cloths C CONSTRUCTION ONSTRUCTION T TECHNIQUE ECHNIQUE
- 46. • Mass production of steel Mass production of steel • Main advantages & Disadvantages Main advantages & Disadvantages • Types of steel structure Types of steel structure • Structural Design Structural Design • Construction technique Construction technique C CONCLUSION ONCLUSION
- 47. Any questions Thank you… Thank you…