Stella software WORD
- 1. (Craig,1996) Name & matric number Marini binti Mohd Isa (D20151070952) Nor Afifah binti Saaidi (D20151070993) Ramizah binti Abdull Rahman (D20151070992) Title Simulation (Stella Software) Group A Lecturer’s name Encik Azmi bin Ibrahim FACULTY OF SCIENCE AND MATHEMATICS UNIVERSITI PENDIDIKAN SULTAN IDRIS SSI 3013 INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY IN SCIENCE
- 2. INTRODUCTION No Title Pages 1. Introduction 3 2. Advantages of simulation 4 3. Disadvatages of simulation 5 4. What is STELLA? 5-6 5. Discussion 6-8 6. How Stella can help students 9-11 7. Conclusion 11 8. References 11
- 3. Simulation by computer is the way of creating a model of an actual or theoretical physical system by carrying out the model on a digital computer thus analyze. The output in computer simulation, we can divide it into three sub-fields which are model design, model execution and model analysis. If we want to learn more about system, we need to build and operate the model first. This simulation can be equivalent with the ‘role play’ which is we simulate people, animals or objects with toys and figurines to understand the progress or process. As for us, the artificial objects are built to act out roles with them in order to understand some reality and complexity. Hence, computer simulation acts as the electronic equivalence to role play to drive synthetic environments and virtual world. By using simulation, we also can simulate a physical thing such as mathematical model. Firstly, we need to create a model to represent the physical object. There are many forms of models such as declarative, functional, constraint, spatial or multi-model. Multi- model is a model that consists of many integrated models. When the model has been developed, the model is executed on the computer. This means that a computer program must be created which steps through time and at the same time updating the state and event variables in the mathematical model. Modeling uses software or and hardware to represent a real world system. If the software components are driven by mathematical relationships, the model can be simulated in various scenarios to verify that the system is correctly represented and input signals are properly responded. ADVANTAGES OF SIMULATION
- 4. 1. Safety. By using simulation, it can avoid any danger and can reduce any accident during the process. For example, the air-flight simulator gives opportunity to the inexperienced flight attendants. How to fly air plane like in a real-life situation but in a safer mode. 2. Practical feedback. Simulators are able to give practical feedback about the real world system to users. It can help the designer to save construction cost by allowing them to explore better design alternatives thus make the best decision before physically build the systems. 3. Easy to perform. The results are mostly accurate compared to analytical model. Users also can have trial and can identify the errors as many times as desired. It is also can help us to find an unexpected phenomenon. Besides that, simulation can be speed up so that behavior can be studied easily over a long period of time. Other than that, the simulation can be slow down to study the behavior more closely. The conditions can be varied based on what we put and the outcomes can be investigated easily. 4. Effective way. It is an effective way to teach certain concepts to student by demonstrating instead of just study about the theory in text books. Computer can represent information by graphics, videos, sounds and animations which are can attract student attention and enhance student to understanding the process effectively. DISADVANTAGES OF SIMULATION
- 5. There is also some disadvantages of using simulation. Some of the disadvantages are as below: 1. Costly. A simulation model is a bit costly to build and expensive to conduct the process. It is costly when we were trying to build the model such as aerodynamic wind tunnels. 2. Needed of expertise. To run this simulation, a person must be expert in the computing skills and programming as they need to understand well how the software is functioning. 3. Well manage system. It is requires uses of computer system with a fast processor and large memory. 4. Poor understanding and insufficient data. For this reason it has not been possible to create simulations that can accurately predict the occurrence and effects of earthquakes and tsunami. The formula and functions that are used may not provide an accurate description of the system resulting in inaccurate output from the simulation. What is STELLA? STELLA is computer simulation software that provides a practical way to visualize and communicate how complex the system really works in the real world. A lot of people can use this simulation as it can give teachers, students, and researchers to utilize the software and explore more to an endless questions and experiments. The model itself provides a lot of opportunities for the students to explore by questioning what is happening in reality. It also can make the learning process more exciting and effective. STELLA is being used widely by many researchers and educators to study various fields such as physics, calculus, economics, literature, chemistry, medicine and so on. It recognized for its ability to stimulate learning in users.
- 6. In this assignment, we used STELLA software on prey-predator relationship between owls and mice in palm oil tree farm and through this experiment we can predict the effect of mice and owls population to the palm oil tree. Thus, instead of carrying out the experiments in a real laboratory, STELLA enables us to save time and cost and also helps to predict outcomes almost immediately. DISCUSSION Graph 1 In the graph we can see that the number of owl decreased at the beginning of the experiment Due to insufficient number of mice Then, the number of owl and the number of mice have a directly proportional relationship So, increasing number of mice will increase the number of owl Thus, the production of palm fruit increased steadily through the year
- 8. • In the graph, we can analysed that the number of owl is increased from 13 to 16 due to the number of mice decreased • After a long time, the number of mice start to increase steadily because the number of owl remain constant • But the number of palm fruit production still increasing • After a few years later, there is a declination in number of palm fruit production due increasing of the number of mice • The number of mice is increasing throughout the experiment HOW STELLA CAN HELP STUDENT
- 9. 1) INCREASE STUDENTS MOTIVATION One of the purpose of educational simulation (Stella) is to motivate the learners or students to engage problem solving, hypothesis testing, experimental learning, scheme construction and development of mental models. Using this technique in teaching in learning is really an effective method to motivate students to increase their interest towards learning. Simulation can motivate student in many ways includes ability of this Stella software to create a risk free environment and allow students to explore the simulation. 2) ALLOW EXPERIMENT EXPLORATION Simulation can enhance students motivation and interest to learn since they are very familiar with the computers and digital games. They love environment of learning that requires them to explore which suit their curiosity and high-tech mind. Stella software allow students to interact with the simulations and mostly, simulation are designed with flexible architecture that allow their variables to be altered. So, students can change the parameter in the variables and observe how the simulated outcomes changes. By directly modifying a model, students can experience with the behavior of the models in a number of different scenarios. By doing a simulation using Stella too, students can relate it with the content knowledge and with the real life. The main purpose of simulation is to allow the motivated students to have a deeper understanding of the experiment or model they simulate. With the animated outcomes such as graph plotting, charts, relations, and diagrams, students will have a better picture of the process. Other than that, of course animated and interesting interface of the simulations from the Stella can attract the students’ interest to learn. 3) STUDENT CAN PRACTICE PROBLEM SOLVING SKILL
- 10. Meaningful learning are when students can relate what they study with the real world situation. It is a good alternative to consider transforming every classroom setting into a situated learning environment. It is possible to bring some of the benefits of situated learning into the conventional classroom setting by using Stella. Stella facilitates situated learning by providing interactive practice of real-world skills, focusing on the essential elements of a real problem or system. Problem solving skill is one of the important skill that everyone needs. Student can develop skills through real life situation and experience. One of the other way to develop this skills is through learning with the assistance of simulation. The simulation presents the environment, authentic information sources and the tools to let the student solve the problem and test their knowledge. As mentioned before, Stella provides risk free environment, student or teacher does not have to worry about any risky outcome may be happened. 4) HELPS STUDENT VISUALIZE ‘INVISIBLE’ SCIENCE PROCESS Students are hard to understand science concept that cannot be seen through their eyes. Therefore, they need some visualization to help them see and understand the process or phenomena of the science concept. This is why Stella can be integrated in teaching and learning science to help students visualize and get real picture of what they learn. Simulation are needed to visualize process that is too small to review such as reproduction of bacteria. 5) ALLOW STUDENT TO ANALYZE DATA AND PREDICT FUTURE OUTCOME Simulation can be useful in predicting the future outcome with all the necessary study data. In real life, no one can predict future accurately but we can study the pattern for the highest probability that will occur. By using Stella, student are able to study the trend of the outcome whenever they manipulate the variable because student can see the trend of the
- 11. experiment when they run the experiment. Take the graph from the pendulum experiment, it can be seen that the graph have certain pattern and the next graph can be predicted Analysing and predicting data by using Stella can enhance student’s thinking skill and problem solving skill. This process also can give student the introduction on how to do on a research, which they will do in their higher level of education later. CONCLUSION This simulation is a combination of biology and chemistry, which is called biochemistry. This simulation provides a platform for students in research and for further understanding in enzymatic pathways and kinetics. Students learned by analyzing and synthesizing graphs, which is against the norms in traditional teaching. This simulation can increase student knowledge and assists them to doing the research by their own more easily and practically. In conclusion, simulation contributes in teaching as it enhances understanding and promotes higher order thinking skills. Moreover, the result that was obtained by using this simulation also more accurate rather than doing the graph manually. REFERENCES Craig,D. (1996, July8). Disadvantagesof Simulation.RetrievedfromDisadvantagesof Simulation STELLA (SystemsThinking forEducation and Research).(n.d.).RetrievedfromDataObservation NetwokforEarth: https://www.dataone.org/software-tools/stella-systems-thinking- education-and-research