Storage system || storage & it's types.

Sahiwal campus
Topic : Storage system
Presented by : Mohsin Haider
Roll No : SP22-BCS-136
Date : 09-03-2022

Storage System Chracteristics
All storage systems have speciﬁc chracteristics,
such as having both a storage medium and a
storage devices, how portable and volatile the
system is, how data is accessed and represented,
and the type of storage technology used. These
chracteristics are discussed in next few sections.

Storage Media and Storage Devices
Characteristics
Volatility
 Random vs Sequential access
Logical vs Physical Representation
 Types of Storage Technology Used

Storage Media and Storage Devices
Storage media:



The part of storage system where data is stored
Medium is inserted into device to be used
Example DVD disc,flash memory card etc
Storage devices:



A piece of hardwere into which a storage
medium is inserted to be read from or written
to.
Storage devices are typically identified by letter
Example DVD drive,flash memory card reader

Random vs sequential access
Random
access:


The data can be retrieved directly from one location to
another on the storage medium
A DVD player used to play music or movies so it can jump
directly to a particular locations on the medium when
data located at that location is needed
Sequential
access:


In sequential,the data can only be reyrieved in the order
in which it is physically stored on the medium
Magnetic tape drive is type of storage devices that is
used with computers for backup purpose

Logical vs physical
representations
Logical representations:




The user’s view of the way data is stored
Anything stored on storage medium is reffered as a file
When document was created is stored as a new file on
the storage designated by the user during storage
process,the user is required to give the file a name
called a filename
To keep file organized,related document are often
stored in folders located on the storage medium
Physical representations:
The actual physical way the data is stored on the
storage media as viewed by the computer

Hard Drives
A hard disk drive (sometimes abbreviated as a hard drive, HD,
or HDD) is a non-volatile data storage device. It is usually
installed internally in a computer, attached directly to the disk
controller of the computer's motherboard.

Types and Chracteristics
 Magnetic Hard Drives
 Solid State Drives(SSDs)
 Solid State Hybrid Drives(SSHDs)
 Internal vs External Hard Drives
 Hard Drive Speed and Disk Caching
 Hard Drive Partitioning and File System
 Hard Drive Interface Standards

Optical Disk And Drives
Optical Disk;
A type of storage
medium that use laser
beam to read and write
data. Data in optical disk
read and write optically.



Types of optical disk
CDs
DVDs
Blu-ray discs

DIFFERENCE BETWEEN CD AND DVD
CD DVD



“CDs” stands for compact disk.
CDs can store up to 7oo MB
of data.
A CDs can store audio,
videos, music and document
under the size of 700 MB.



“DVDs’’ stands for digital video disk.
DVDs can store up to 8.4 GB of
data.
A DVDs can also store all type of
data in including text, graphic,
audio data but its storage capacity
is higher then of “CDs”

Optical Drives.
The drives that
use to read and
write data on a
optical disc like
CDs and DVDs
called a optical
drives.

Optical disc shapes, sizes, and capacities



Size;
Standard sized optical discs are 120mm (approximately 4.7
inch).
Shape;
Shape of a optical discs can be a heart, a triangle, an irregular
shape.
Capacity;
capacity of the disc depends on the type of optical discs like a
CDs has a capacity of 700 MB and DVDs has capacity of storing
data.




Read-only Optical Discs;
CD-ROM (compact disk read only memory)
DVD-ROM (digital versatile discs read-only memory)
BD-ROM (blu-ray discs read-only memory)



Rewritable Optical Discs;
CD-RW (compact disk rewritable)
DVD-RW (digital versatile discs rewritable)
BD-RE (blu-ray discs rewritable)

Optical Discs and Drives
An optical disc drive (ODD) in a computer system allows you to
use CDs, DVDs, and Blu-ray discs to listen to music or watch a
movie. Most drives also allow you to write data to a disc, so
you can create your own music CDs, video DVDs or even create
of back-up copy of your important data ﬁles.

Optical Discs Characteristics
 Read-Only Optical Discs(CD-ROM,DVD-ROM and BD-ROM)
 Recordable Optical Discs(CD-R,DVD-R,DVD+R and BD-R)
 Rewritable Optical Discs(CD-RW,DVD-RW,DVD+RW and
BD-RW)

Flash Memory Storage Systems
Flash memory is a non-volatile
memory chip used for storage and
for transferring data between a
personal computer (PC) and digital
devices. It is often found in USB
ﬂash drives, MP3 players, digital
cameras and solid-state drives.
Deﬁnition:

Types OF FLASH MOMARY
 Embedded Flash Memory
 Flash Memory Cards and Readers
 USB Flash Drives

Embedded Flash Memory



Embedded Flash Memory refers to
ﬂash memory chips embedded into
product.
It is used in smartphones, tablets,
smart watches etc.
it is primary storage which provide
built-in storage such as SSDs.

Flash Memory Cards and
Readers




Small cards contain many flash
chips. Use to store data.
It available in capacities up to 512
GB.
Card readers use to reading flash
memory cards
Micro SD , HDSC, SD are Some
example of flash memory card.

USB Flash Drives



A small storage device that plugs
into a USB port and contain ﬂash
memory media.
It is very small in size and very
portable.
It can be store data up to 1TB.

Advantages of ﬂash
memory
•
•
•
•
•
Portable.
High capacity.
Excellent transferring
speed.
Low power consumption.
No sound as compare to
physical Hard Disk

Disadvantages of ﬂash memory


High price
Easy to lost because of small
size.

Other Types of Storage Systems
Network
Storage
System
Cloud
Storage
System
Smart
Cards

Network Storage Systems
 A NAS system is a storage
device connected to a
network that allows storage
and retrieval of data from a
centralized location for
authorized network users
and heterogeneous clients

Network Attached
Storage
Storage Area Network
Direct Attached Storage

Network Attached Storage (NAS)
o Network-attached storage (NAS) is
a ﬁle-level computer data
storage server connected to
a computer network providing data
access to a heterogeneous group
of clients.

Storage Area Network (SAN)


A storage area network
(SAN) is a dedicated,
independent high-speed
network that
interconnects and
delivers shared pools of
storage devices to
multiple servers.
SANs are primarily used
to access data storage
devices, such as disk
arrays and tape libraries
from servers.

Direct Attached Storage (DAS)
 Direct-attached storage, or DAS,
is a digital storage system that
connects directly to a personal
computer, workstation, or server,
but is not attached to a network

Cloud Storage Network
 Cloud storage is a service model in
which data is transmitted and
stored on remote storage systems,
where it is maintained, managed,
backed up and made available to
users over a network typically, the
internet

Smart Cards
o A smart card is a device that includes
an embedded integrated circuit chip
(ICC) that can be either a secure
microcontroller or equivalent
intelligence with internal memory or a
memory chip alone

ID
Veriﬁcatio
n
Uses of Smart Cards
Bankin
g &
Retail
HealthCare
ATM
Cards
Comput
er &
Network
Security
Mobile
Communicatio
ns

RAID Storage
• RAID (redundant array of
independent disks) is a way of
storing the same data in different
places on multiple hard disks or
solid-state drives (SSDs) to protect
data in the case of a drive failure.

Archival Storage System


Data archiving is the process of identifying
and moving data that is no longer actively
being used from regular storage systems
long-term archival system.
Data achieving is important because that is a
great deal of data that needs to be retained
for future reference.

May Allah bless you and
give you a lot of
happiness.(AMEEN)

thanks
Remember me in your prays.
Thanks
Remember me in your prays.

Storage system || storage & it's types.

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