SUBSTATION MONITORING AND CONTROLLING BASED ON MICROCONTROLLER BY USING IOT
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This document describes a project to monitor and control a substation using a microcontroller and IoT. Sensors are used to measure current, voltage, temperature and frequency. The microcontroller collects and stores the readings in a MySQL database. A WiFi module is used to transmit the data remotely so it can be accessed anywhere. Relays and buzzers are used to provide alerts in case of abnormal readings to ensure safety of the system. The goal is to allow real-time remote monitoring without human dependence to prevent failures in the distribution grid.
![International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 09 Issue: 05 | May 2022 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
© 2022, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.529 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 3653
The Internet of Things (IoT) is a network of interconnected,
internet-connected gadgets that can gather and transmit
data without human intervention across a wireless network.
The possibilities for personal or professional development
are limitless. A linked medical device, a biochip transponder
(think livestock), a solar panel, a connected automobilewith
sensors that warn the driver to a variety of potential
concerns (fuel, tyre pressure, needed maintenance, and
more), or any object equipped with sensors that has the
ability to acquire and send data via a network can all be
considered a 'thing.'
4. CONCLUSION
It outlined how all of the hardware components were to be
integrated. Each module's existence was reasoned out and
properly positioned, resulting in the unit's greatest
performance. Second, with the support of developing
technology, the project was successfully completed
employing extremely advanced ICs. As a result, the project
was successfully planned and tested.
5. REFRENCES
[1]. Jyotishman Pathak, Yuan Li, Vasant Honavar and James
D. McCalley, "A Service-Oriented Architecture for Electric
Power Transmission System Asset Management", In ICSOC
Workshops, pp: 26-37, 2006
[2]. Xiaomeng Li and Ganesh K. Venayagamoorthy,"ANeural
Network Based Wide Area Monitor for a Power System",
IEEE Power Engineering Society General Meeting, Vol. 2, pp:
1455-1460, 2005.
[3] R.R. Negenborn, A.G. Beccuti, T. Demiray, S. Leirens, G.
Damm, B. De Schutter and M. Morari, "Supervisory hybrid
model predictive control for voltage stability of power
networks", Proceedings of the 2007 American Control
Conference, New York
[4] Alessandro Ferrero, "Measuring electric power quality:
Problems and perspectives", Measurement, Vol.41, No.2,
pp.121-129, February 2008
[5] Zhi-Hua Zhou, Yuan Jiang, Xu-Ri Yin, and Shi-FuChen,
"The Application of Visualization and Neural Network
Techniques in a Power Transformer Condition Monitoring
System", In: T. Hendtlass and M. Ali eds. Lecture Notein
Artificial Intelligence 2358,Berlin:Springer-Verlag,pp:325-
334, 2002.[9]. Over bye and Weber, "Visualization of power
system data", in proceedings of 33rd Annual Hawaii
International Conference on System Sciences, January 2000.](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/irjet-v9i5751-221006072510-3486ccdd/85/SUBSTATION-MONITORING-AND-CONTROLLING-BASED-ON-MICROCONTROLLER-BY-USING-IOT-3-320.jpg)
SUBSTATION MONITORING AND CONTROLLING BASED ON MICROCONTROLLER BY USING IOT
- 1. International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 09 Issue: 05 | May 2022 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 © 2022, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.529 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 3651 SUBSTATION MONITORING AND CONTROLLING BASED ON MICROCONTROLLER BY USING IOT ARUN.J, SATHIYAN.P, MANIKANDAN.N 1 final year student, department of electrical & electronics engineering, k.c.t Coimbatore, tamilnadu 2final year student, department of electrical & electronics engineering, k.c.t Coimbatore, tamilnadu 3final year student, department of electrical & electronics engineering, k.c.t Coimbatore, tamilnadu 1. INTRODUCTION The aim of project is to acquire electrical readings like current, voltage. to send and receive real time readings everywhere around the world through Wi-FimodemorGSM module along with the temperature with it. another motive of this project is to provide safety for the circuitbyoperating an electromagnetic relay. The relay will be releases when there is a misreading in the above-mentioned parameters. the system is designed in a way to send an alert message to users whenever the circuit breaks. the components used are current sensor, voltage sensor, temperature sensor for storing the reading MySQL server is used andthecontrollers are coded using embedded c 2. Block diagram 2.1 abbreviation for the block diagram 1. crnt- current 2. tem- temperature 3. frq cnter – frequency counter 3. HARDWARE IMPLEMENTATION 3.1 CURRENT SENSOR Fig 1.2 current sensor microcont roller L.C.D. Ac input Volt sensor Crnt sensor load Tem sensor Frq cnter wifi relay buzzer ---------------------------------------------------------------------***--------------------------------------------------------------------- Abstract - Substations are the main structure block in a power system. Any damages in Substation negatively affect the balance of a power system. The damages are substantially being due to overfillingandhamstrungcooling. downsides of the conventional monitoring system and the biggest problem in the electricity distribution grid are utmost of the distribution are ever located ina pastoral area, where regular monitoring by mortal observation is delicate to perform due to inadequate force. Being monitoring systems aren't supported for real time operations.Thereare too numerous failure cases are detected every day. Not allowed for planning operation time-out. The main ideal of the real time monitoring of the health conditions of the distribution motor using IOT technology. The parameters similar as oil position, temperature, voltage and current of a transformer are covered, reused and recorded in waiters. For this purpose, we use four detectors connived with Arduino. The recorded data can be shoot using Wi- Fi module and penetrated from anywhere around the world using IOT technology using HTTP protocol. This helps in relating without mortal reliance. This helps in relating and working a problem before a failure without mortal reliance.
- 2. International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 09 Issue: 05 | May 2022 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 © 2022, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.529 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 3652 A current sensor is a device which is capable Of detecting the current flowing in a circuit and generates a signal parallelly to that current. the output of signal may be analog or digital 3.2 VOLTAGE SENSOR Fig 1.3 voltage sensor A voltage sensor is a device that measures and monitors system voltage. Voltage sensors will be used to Determine either the ac voltage or the degree of dc voltage. 3.3 RELAY Fig 1.4 Relay Relays are circuit-closing and circuit-opening switches that operate both electrically and electromechanically. It is in charge of controlling the opening and closing of electrical circuit contacts. When the relay link is open (NO), the relay does not energise. 3.4 BUZZER Fig 1.5 buzzer A buzzer, often known as a beeper, is an auditory signalling device that is either mechanical, electromechanical, or piezoelectric (piezo for short). Warningsystems,timers,and user input validation, such as a mouse click or keystroke,are examples of common buzzer and beeper applications. 3.5 LCD Fig 1.6 L.C.D A liquid-crystal display (LCD) is a flat-panel display or other electronically controlled optical device that use the light-modulating characteristics of liquid crystals in conjunction with polarizers. Liquid crystals do not directly emit light; instead, they use a backlight or reflector to create colour or monochrome images. 3.6 INTERNET OF THINGS Fig 1.7 architecture of IOT
- 3. International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 09 Issue: 05 | May 2022 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 © 2022, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.529 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 3653 The Internet of Things (IoT) is a network of interconnected, internet-connected gadgets that can gather and transmit data without human intervention across a wireless network. The possibilities for personal or professional development are limitless. A linked medical device, a biochip transponder (think livestock), a solar panel, a connected automobilewith sensors that warn the driver to a variety of potential concerns (fuel, tyre pressure, needed maintenance, and more), or any object equipped with sensors that has the ability to acquire and send data via a network can all be considered a 'thing.' 4. CONCLUSION It outlined how all of the hardware components were to be integrated. Each module's existence was reasoned out and properly positioned, resulting in the unit's greatest performance. Second, with the support of developing technology, the project was successfully completed employing extremely advanced ICs. As a result, the project was successfully planned and tested. 5. REFRENCES [1]. Jyotishman Pathak, Yuan Li, Vasant Honavar and James D. McCalley, "A Service-Oriented Architecture for Electric Power Transmission System Asset Management", In ICSOC Workshops, pp: 26-37, 2006 [2]. Xiaomeng Li and Ganesh K. Venayagamoorthy,"ANeural Network Based Wide Area Monitor for a Power System", IEEE Power Engineering Society General Meeting, Vol. 2, pp: 1455-1460, 2005. [3] R.R. Negenborn, A.G. Beccuti, T. Demiray, S. Leirens, G. Damm, B. De Schutter and M. Morari, "Supervisory hybrid model predictive control for voltage stability of power networks", Proceedings of the 2007 American Control Conference, New York [4] Alessandro Ferrero, "Measuring electric power quality: Problems and perspectives", Measurement, Vol.41, No.2, pp.121-129, February 2008 [5] Zhi-Hua Zhou, Yuan Jiang, Xu-Ri Yin, and Shi-FuChen, "The Application of Visualization and Neural Network Techniques in a Power Transformer Condition Monitoring System", In: T. Hendtlass and M. Ali eds. Lecture Notein Artificial Intelligence 2358,Berlin:Springer-Verlag,pp:325- 334, 2002.[9]. Over bye and Weber, "Visualization of power system data", in proceedings of 33rd Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, January 2000.