Summaries

Summary - Review
brief main
A summary is a ________composition that states the _______ idea of a
larger piece of work.
1/3
A summary should be no longer than ______ the length of the original

Summary – Why?
You already have the ability
Daily Life
- “How did your day go?”
- “What was the movie about?”
School
- Book reports
- Note taking (for quizzes and tests)
- Writing papers
After School
- People do it every day (writing reports)

Summary – Writing a Summary
A. Read the selection
• __________ the selection rapidly
Skim
• What do I look for?
• Main ideas
• Divisions
• Bold or italicized terms
• ___R_e_a_d____ the selection carefully

B. Go through the selection, looking for the __m_a_in__ ideas and important
__________.
details
• Which sentences will give me the main ideas in each paragraph?
• First and last
• Which paragraph will summarize the entire writing piece?
• Last
• Look for key words like “first, second, last” or “the main reason.”
• Omit all examples, illustrations, and minor details
• Make sure your ideas are in the same order and that you have not
added your own ideas
• Remember: you are summarizing their writing, not yours

C. Write the summary in ___y_o_u_r____ own words.
• Put the selection out of sight
• Refer to your list of ideas or what you highlighted/underlined
• Ways to not begin a summary
• “I would like to tell you about …”
• “This summary is about …”
• “Let me tell you about a story …”
• “My book is about …”
• Ways to not end a summary
• “Thanks for reading my summary.”
• “I ran out of stuff to say.”
• “The article talked about a lot more things …”
• “The end.”

D. ______P_r_o_o_fre_a_d____ your summary.
• Did you include all main ideas?
• Did you omit everything unnecessary?
• Are your ideas in the same order?
• Did you write it in your own words?
• Did you check for grammar and spelling errors?

Practice
Why do we sleep? That's a good question, but we don't have a good answer. We know
that sleep is important. Without it, we get tired and irritable. We get headaches and suffer
from lack of concentration. Our immune system suffers. After a number of days without
sleep, we can hallucinate or even become psychotic.
But we're not the only ones who need sleep. As far as we know, all animals sleep or
have sleep-like behaviors. There’s a wide range. Elephants sleep about three hours;
platypuses, about fourteen hours. Marine mammals have even evolved the ability to sleep
with only one side of their brain at a time. This way they can still go to the surface to
breathe.
redundant
So sleep is really important. But why is it essential? There are several theories. Number
one, the efficiency theory. Sleeping keeps us from wasting energy, so we're only active
when we need to eat, that sort of thing. Number two, the tune up theory. When we're
asleep, our bodies repair damage, eliminate toxins, produce hormones and all kinds of
other maintenance activities. Number three: the brain theory. While asleep, our bodies
may be at rest, but our brains are busy processing new information and organizing
memories.
So which one is right? Maybe all of them. Or none of them. Scientists are making a lot
of progress in sleep studies. But for the moment, they'll have to sleep on it.
300 words – taken from http://tweentribune.com/tween56/why-do-we-sleep
Pun??

Summary
Sleeping is important although scientists do not exactly understand why. Both humans
and animals need sleep in order to survive, and scientists have three theories. One is that
sleep limits man’s need to expend energy all day. Second, the body needs time to rest in
order to heal injuries, purge impurities, and manufacture energy for the following day.
Finally, the mind needs time to process information from the previous day. Though
science has not concluded a specific answer, people do not get tired of hearing about it.
87 words

Summaries

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