Super class 12 to 15
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This document provides information on English grammar topics such as the use of will vs be going to, modals, regular past tense verb forms, and used to. It includes examples and explanations of these grammar structures. Key points covered include how will expresses future events based on present decisions or predictions, while be going to expresses intentions or predictions based on present evidence. Modal verbs like can, may, should are also defined. Rules for forming the regular past tense with 'ed' are outlined, noting the different pronunciations of 'ed' as /ɪd/, /t/ or /d/. The document concludes with examples of how used to is used to talk about past habits or actions.
Super class 12 to 15
- 2. (Will) vs (be Going to) Will + infinitive Be going to + infinitive A decision at the moment of speaking: Julie: There's no milk. John: Really? In that case, I'll go and get some. A decision before the moment of speaking: Julie: There's no milk. John: I know. I'm going to go and get some when this TV programme finishes.
- 3. (Will) vs (be Going to) Will + infinitive Be going to + infinitive A prediction based on opinion: I think the Conservatives will win the next election. A prediction based on something we can see (or hear) now: The Conservatives are going to win the election. They already have most of the votes.
- 4. (Will) vs (be Going to) Will + infinitive Be going to + infinitive A future fact: The sun will rise tomorrow. For promises / requests / refusals / offers: I'll help you tomorrow, if you like.
- 5. Modals Possibility CAN I can meet with you on Friday. Ability CAN / BE ABLE TO I can play the piano. I am able to speak English. Permission CAN I can have a dog in my apartment. Past Ability COULD When I was a kid, I could run for hours.
- 6. Modals Permission MAY / CAN / COULD May I borrow your pen? To express what you want WOULD LIKE I would like to learn English for free. Preference WOULD RATHER I would rather walk than drive.
- 7. Modals Advice SHOULD You should call your mother on her birthday. Warning HAD BETTER You'd better study before the test. Not required DON'T HAVE TO I don't have to wear a suit to work. Possibility / Uncertainty about the future *adverb MAYBE MAY / MIGHT It might / may rain this evening. Maybe it will rain this evening.
- 8. Modals Legal Obligation / Official MUST Police officer: 'You must wear a seatbelt.' Logical Conclusion MUST The teacher's absent. She must be sick. Expectation BE SUPPOSED TO We are supposed turn our cell phones off in movie theaters.
- 9. ‘ed’ Rules
- 10. ‘ed’ Rules Arrive + d = Play + ed = Study – y + ied = Stop + p + ed =
- 11. ‘ed’ Rules Arrive + d = Arrived Play + ed = Study – y + ied = Stop + p + ed =
- 12. ‘ed’ Rules Arrive + d = Arrived Play + ed = Played Study – y + ied = Stop + p + ed =
- 13. ‘ed’ Rules Arrive + d = Arrived Play + ed = Played Study – y + ied = Studied Stop + p + ed =
- 14. ‘ed’ Rules Arrive + d = Arrived Play + ed = Played Study – y + ied = Studied Stop + p + ed = Stopped
- 15. Pronunciation of past regular verbs
- 16. Pronunciation of past regular verbs ed can be pronounced in three diferente forms As /ɪd/ As /t/ As /d/
- 17. As /ɪd/ All verbs ending in /t/ and /d/ want - /wɑnt/ hate - /heɪt/ need - /ni:d/ decide - /dɪsaid/
- 18. As /ɪd/ All verbs ending in /t/ and /d/ wanted - /wɑntɪd/ hated - /heɪtɪd/ needed - /ni:dɪd / decided - /dɪsaidɪd/
- 19. As /ɪd/ All verbs ending in /t/ and /d/ You wanted that cake. My friend hated the movie ‘Justice league’. admit you needed my help. I decided to buy an ‘airfryer’.
- 20. As /t/ • All verbs ending in /f/ • sniff • laugh • cough • All verbs ending in /v/ • live • love • save As /d/ ed ed ed ed ed ed Comparisson I
- 21. As /t/ • All verbs ending in /s/ • miss • kiss • pass • All verbs ending in /z/ • please • cause • sneeze As /d/ ed ed ed ed ed ed Comparisson II
- 22. As /t/ • All verbs ending in /p/ • stop • help • type • All verbs ending in /b/ • rob • grab • rub As /d/ ed ed ed bed bed bed Comparisson III
- 23. As /t/ • All verbs ending in /k/ • walk • hack • fake • All verbs ending in /g/ • hug • drag • log As /d/ ed ed ed ged ged ged Comparisson IV
- 24. As /t/ All verbs ending in /ʃ/ washed - /wɑʃt/ smashed - /smæʃt/ fished - /fɪʃt/ pushed - /pʊʃt/
- 25. As /t/ • All verbs ending in /tʃ/ • watch • hatch • stretch • All verbs ending in /dʒ/ • damage • cage • change As /d/ ed ed ed ed ed ed Comparisson V
- 26. As /t/ All verbs ending in /θ/ breathed - /bri:θt/ loathed - /loʊθt/
- 27. As /d/ All verbs ending in /m/, /n/, /r/, /l/ and vowel diphthongs slamed - /slæmd/ tanned - /tænd/ preferred - /pri:fərd/ smiled - /smaɪld/
- 28. What happened in the 19th century?
- 29. What happened in the 20th century?
- 30. What happened in the 20th century?
- 31. What happened in the 20th century?
- 32. Used to I used to eat canned ham I used to study at ‘Gurilândia’ I used to play Mortal Kombat I used to listen to Linkin Park
- 33. Used to I didn’t use to eat lettuce I didn’t use to work at British and American I didn’t use to play the ukelele I didn’t use to listen to The Kooks d d d d
- 34. Programs you used to watch
- 35. Programs you used to watch
- 36. Programs you used to watch
- 37. Programs you used to watch
- 38. Programs you used to watch
- 39. Cartoons you used to watch
- 40. Cartoons you used to watch
- 41. Cartoons you used to watch
- 42. Cartoons you used to watch
- 43. Cartoons you used to watch
- 44. Cartoons you used to watch
- 45. Cartoons you used to watch
- 46. Cartoons you used to watch
- 47. Cartoons you used to watch
- 48. Cartoons you used to watch
- 49. Cartoons you used to watch
- 50. Cartoons you used to watch
- 51. Food you used to eat
- 52. The place you used to study
- 53. Games you used to do
- 54. Songs you used to listen
- 55. Things you used to do