In a Java implementation of a doubly-linked list, certain operations can be performed in O(1) time due to the presence of both forward and backward references. Specifically, the insertion of an item immediately before the cursor position can be efficiently executed in O(1) time in a doubly-linked list, but in a singly-linked list, this same operation cannot be better than O(n) due to the need to traverse the list. Other operations mentioned may have different time complexities depending on the structure of the list.