Tawkon IEEE Presentation
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The document discusses mobile phone radiation and provides information on: - How mobile phones transmit signals and the factors affecting radiation exposure levels - Regulation of mobile phone radiation in various countries requiring disclosure of radiation absorption rates (SAR levels) - Research studies finding increased brain cancer risks for heavy mobile phone users over 10 years - Precautionary measures to reduce radiation exposure such as using hands-free options or texting instead of calling - The tawkon solution which aims to reduce radiation exposure without limiting mobile phone usage through features that provide radiation level visibility and encourage safer usage behaviors over time.
Tawkon IEEE Presentation
- 1. Mobile Phone Radiation – Feb 21st “Green Communications” Now keep talking… Amit Lubovsky Co-Founder tawkon tawkon proprietary and confidential
- 2. Mobile Phone Radiation tawkon proprietary and confidential
- 3. Agenda Overview mobile communication cellular radiation regulation research precautionary measures tawkon solution tawkon proprietary and confidential
- 4. MobileBasic Facts – Basic Facts Mobile Phones – Phones • Allow communication from any location via a network of base stations • Information is transmitted from the mobile phone to the base station and vice versa via high-frequency electromagnetic fields • Radiation intensity is greatest close to its source, i.e. a mobile phone's antenna • Radiation is only strong while the phone is transmitting, not while idle state • Radiation decreases sharply with distance to the phone • Radiation exposure during a call depends on: – mobile phone emits less when connection quality is good – better outdoors than in a building – improves with proximity to a base station – When connecting to the network and switching from one cell to another, mobile phones briefly transmit at maximum output power and this is only slowly reduced tawkon proprietary and confidential
- 5. Phones – Basic Facts MobileRadiation Electromagnetic tawkon proprietary and confidential
- 6. Typical Transmission Power Values Typical Transmission Power Values dBm Power Notes level 60 dBm 1 kW = 1000 W Typical RF power of microwave oven elements Maximum output from a UMTS/3G mobile phone 33 dBm 2W Maximum output from a GSM850/900 mobile phone 30 dBm 1 W = 1000 mW Maximum output from a GSM1800/1900 mobile phone 15 dBm 32 mW Typical WiFi transmission power in laptops. 0 dBm 1.0 mW Bluetooth standard radio, 1 m range Typical maximum received signal power (−10 to −30 dBm) of −10 dBm 100 µW wireless network tawkon proprietary and confidential
- 7. SAR Exposure measurements • SAR - Specific Absorption Rate • Electromagnetic radiation (W) that is absorbed by the human body (kg) • Determined using a human head "phantom" • Published on the internet and in the instruction manuals • SAR is measured in a "worst-case" scenario • 1.6 W/kg exposure limit according to the International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP, adopted 1996) • The lower SAR of the device, the lower the radiation that is absorbed by the body tawkon proprietary and confidential
- 8. SAR Cont. Cellular: 1.19 Wi-Fi: 0.52 1.19 1.39 Cellular: 1.39 0.58 Wi-Fi: 0.12 0.52 0.12 Cellular: 0.58 Wi-Fi: 0.08 0.08 tawkon proprietary and confidential
- 9. Regulation UK : When buying a mobile phone, Russia: one must insist on low SAR Establishment of institutions levels to asses the affects of Department of Health 2005 mobile radiation Russia Senate & Ministry of Health 2009; USA: San Francisco is first in the US to adopt regulations which obligate full Finland: disclosure of SAR levels at every Parents are requested to mobile phone sales point (June recommend their children to 2010) use text messages rather Senate & Ministry of Health 2009 than calls Finnish Radiation and Nuclear Safety Authority France: Legislative initiative to ban mobile Israel: sales without speaker and to ban Switzerland: When buying a mobile Children and teens mobile advertising to teenagers should use mobile Senate & Ministry of Health 2009 phone, one must insist on low SAR levels phones only in cases of Federal Office of Public Health emergency 2009 Ministry of Health 2008 tawkon proprietary and confidential
- 10. Research • Around 35 studies till today (starting 1996), all on adults Interphone • Published June 2010 - 13 countries, 10 years • overseen by the World Health Organization (WHO ) • compared cell phone usage for more than 5,000 people with brain tumors (glioma and meningioma) and a similar number of healthy controls. • People who use their mobile phones for at least 30 minutes a day for 10 years (“heavy users”) have a greater risk of developing brain cancer (30%- 40%). tawkon proprietary and confidential
- 11. Research Cont. Cosmos • World Health Organization (WHO) and the UK Health Protection Agency (HPA). • Long term health monitoring of a large group of people to determine if there are any health issues linked to long term exposure to radio frequency energy from cell phone use. • Started in 2010, COSMOS study will follow approximately 300,000 adult cell phone users in Europe for 20 to 30 years Mobi-Kids • International multi-center study involving 14 European and non-European countries • Investigating the relationship between exposure to radio frequency energy from communication technologies including cell phones and brain cancer in young people • Started in 2010, nearly 2000 young people between 10 to 24 years tawkon proprietary and confidential
- 12. Exposure measurements Precautionary Measures Source: EWG (Environmental Working Group) tawkon proprietary and confidential
- 13. Exposure measurements Precautionary Measures Cont. tawkon proprietary and confidential
- 14. Exposure Measurement tawkon proprietary and confidential
- 15. About us tawkon proprietary and confidential
- 16. tawkon is a unique approach to handling public concerns of mobile radiation reduce exposure… without reducing usage Drive Safely Eat Wisely Talk Responsibly tawkon proprietary and confidential
- 17. tawkon proprietary and confidential
- 18. How it all started… tawkon proprietary and confidential
- 19. Let People See Radiation 5 tawkon proprietary and confidential | Now keep talking...
- 20. Take Action 6 tawkon proprietary and confidential | Now keep talking...
- 21. Know It Worked 7 tawkon proprietary and confidential | Now keep talking...
- 22. Avoid Cumulative Exposure 8 tawkon proprietary and confidential | Now keep talking...
- 23. Help Others 9 tawkon proprietary and confidential | Now keep talking...
- 24. During a Call 10 tawkon proprietary and confidential | Now keep talking...
- 25. Over Time 11 tawkon proprietary and confidential | Now keep talking...
- 26. It takes leadership to innovate Now keep talking... tawkon proprietary and confidential