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TENSOR ANALYSIS
FOR ENGINEERS
Transformations and Applications
Mehrzad Tabatabaian, PhD, PEng
MERCURY LEARNING AND INFORMATION
Dulles, Virginia
Boston, Massachusetts
New Delhi

Copyright ©2019 by MERCURY LEARNING AND INFORMATION LLC. All rights reserved.
This publication, portions of it, or any accompanying software may not be reproduced in any way,
stored in a retrieval system of any type, or transmitted by any means, media, electronic display or
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without prior permission in writing from the publisher.
Publisher: David Pallai
MERCURY LEARNING AND INFORMATION
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info@merclearning.com
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M. Tabatabaian. Tensor Analysis for Engineers: Transformations and Applications.
ISBN: 978-1-68392-237-7
The publisher recognizes and respects all marks used by companies, manufacturers, and developers as a
means to distinguish their products. All brand names and product names mentioned in this book are
trademarks or service marks of their respective companies. Any omission or misuse (of any kind) of
service marks or trademarks, etc. is not an attempt to infringe on the property of others.
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the purchaser is to replace the disc, based on defective materials or faulty workmanship, but not based
on the operation or functionality of the product.

To my teachers and mentors
for their invaluable transfer of knowledge and direction.

Chapter 1:
1.1
Chapter 2:
Chapter 3:
Chapter 4:
Chapter 5:
Chapter 6:
Chapter 7:
Chapter 8:
8.1
8.2
Chapter 9:
9.1
Chapter 10:
10.1
10.2
CONTENTS
Preface
About the Author
Introduction
Index notation—The Einstein summation convention
Coordinate Systems Definition
Basis Vectors and Scale Factors
Contravariant Components and Transformations
Covariant Components and Transformations
Physical Components and Transformations
Tensors—Mixed and Metric
Metric Tensor Operation on Tensor Indices
Example: Cylindrical coordinate systems
Example: Spherical coordinate systems
Dot and Cross Products of Tensors
Determinant of an N × N matrix using permutation
symbols
Gradient Vector Operator—Christoffel Symbols
Covariant derivatives of vectors—Christoffel symbols of
the 2nd kind
Contravariant derivatives of vectors

10.3
10.4
Chapter 11:
11.1
11.2
11.3
11.4
11.5
11.6
Chapter 12:
12.1
12.2
Chapter 13:
13.1
13.2
13.3
13.4
13.5
Chapter 14:
14.1
14.2
14.3
14.4
14.5
Chapter 15:
15.1
Covariant derivatives of a mixed tensor
Christoffel symbol relations and properties—1st and 2nd
kinds
Derivative Forms—Curl, Divergence, Laplacian
Curl operations on tensors
Physical components of the curl of tensors—3D
orthogonal systems
Divergence operation on tensors
Laplacian operations on tensors
Biharmonic operations on tensors
Physical components of the Laplacian of a vector—3D
orthogonal systems
Cartesian Tensor Transformation—Rotations
Rotation matrix
Equivalent single rotation: eigenvalues and eigenvectors
Coordinate Independent Governing Equations
The acceleration vector—contravariant components
The acceleration vector—physical components
The acceleration vector in orthogonal systems—physical
components
Substantial time derivatives of tensors
Conservation equations—coordinate independent forms
Collection of Relations for Selected Coordinate Systems
Cartesian coordinate system
Cylindrical coordinate systems
Spherical coordinate systems
Parabolic coordinate systems
Orthogonal curvilinear coordinate systems
Worked-out Examples
Example: Einstein summation convention

15.2
15.3
15.4
15.5
15.6
15.7
15.8
15.9
15.10
15.11
15.12
15.13
15.14
15.15
15.16
15.17
Chapter 16:
Example: Conversion from vector to index notations
Example: Oblique rectilinear coordinate systems
Example: Quantities related to parabolic coordinate
system
Example: Quantities related to bi-polar coordinate
systems
Example: Application of contravariant metric tensors
Example: Dot and cross products in cylindrical and
spherical coordinates
Example: Relation between Jacobian and metric tensor
determinants
Example: Determinant of metric tensors using
displacement vectors
Example: Determinant of a 4 × 4 matrix using
permutation symbols
Example: Time derivatives of the Jacobian
Example: Covariant derivatives of a constant vector
Example: Covariant derivatives of physical components
of a vector
Example: Continuity equations in several coordinate
systems
Example: 4D spherical coordinate systems
Example: Complex double dot-cross product expressions
Example: Covariant derivatives of metric tensors
Exercises
References
Index

PREFACE
In engineering and science, physical quantities are often represented by
mathematical functions, namely tensors. Examples include temperature,
pressure, force, mechanical stress, electric/magnetic fields, velocity, enthalpy,
entropy, etc. In turn, tensors are categorized based on their rank, i.e. rank
zero, one, and so forth. The so-called scalar quantities (e.g. temperature) are
tensors of rank zero. Likewise, velocity and force are tensors of rank one, and
mechanical stress and gradient of velocity are tensors of rank two. In
Euclidean space, which could be of dimension N = 3, 4, …, we can define
several coordinate systems for our calculation and measurement of physical
quantities. For example, in a 3D space, we can define Cartesian, cylindrical,
and spherical coordinate systems. In general, we prefer defining a coordinate
system whose coordinate surfaces (where one of the coordinate variables is
invariant or remains constant) match the physical problem geometry at hand.
This enables us to easily define the boundary conditions of the physical
problem to the related governing equations, written in terms of the selected
coordinate system. This action requires transformation of the tensor
quantities and their related derivatives (e.g., gradient, curl, divergence) from
Cartesian to the selected coordinate system or vice versa. The topic of tensor
analysis (also referred to as “tensor calculus,” or “Ricci’s calculus,” since
originally developed by Ricci (1835–1925), [1], [2]), is mainly engaged with
the definition of tensor-like quantities and their transformation among
coordinate systems and others. The topic provides a set of mathematical tools
which enables users to perform transformation and calculations of tensors for
any well-defined coordinate systems in a systematic way—it is a
“machinery.” The merit of tensor analysis is to provide a systematic
mathematical formulation to derive the general form of the governing
equations for arbitrary coordinate systems.

In this book, we aim to provide engineers and applied scientists the tools and
techniques of tensor analysis for applications in practical problem solving
and analysis activities. The geometry is limited to the Euclidean
space/geometry, where the Pythagorean Theorem applies, with well-defined
Cartesian coordinate systems as the reference. We discuss quantities defined
in curvilinear coordinate systems, like cylindrical, spherical, parabolic, etc.
and present several examples and coordinates sketches (some equipped with
augmented reality technology) with related calculations. The book is divided
into sections and sub-sections with topics presented in a consistent manner,
as given in the table of contents. In addition, we listed several worked-out
examples for helping the readers with mastering the topics provided in the
prior sections. A list of exercises is provided for further practice for readers.
Mehrzad Tabatabaian, PhD, PEng
Vancouver, BC
July 23, 2018

ABOUT THE AUTHOR
Dr. Mehrzad Tabatabaian is a faculty member with several years of teaching
experience in the Mechanical Engineering Department, School of Energy at
the British Columbia Institute of Technology (BCIT). In addition to teaching
courses in the mechanical engineering curriculum, including
thermodynamics, energy systems management modeling, and strength of
materials, he also does research on renewable energy systems. Dr.
Tabatabaian is the School of Energy Research Committee Chair and actively
involved in their energy-initiative activities. He has authored several
textbooks and published papers in various scientific journals and conferences.
He holds several patents in the energy field. Dr. Tabatabaian’s recent focus is
on wind and solar power which has resulted in registered patents.
Recently, he volunteered to aid in establishing a new division at APEGBC,
Division for Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (DEERE). He offers
several PD seminars for the APEGBC members on the subjects of wind
power, solar power, renewable energy, and the finite element modeling
method.
Mehrzad Tabatabaian received his BEng from Sharif University of
Technology and advanced degrees from McGill University (MEng and PhD).
He has been an active academic, professor, and engineer in leading
alternative energy, oil, and gas industries. He has also a Leadership
Certificate from the University of Alberta, and holds an APEGBC P.Eng
license, and is active member of ASME.

CHAPTER
1
INTRODUCTION
Physical quantities can be represented mathematically by tensors. In further
sections of this book we will define tensors more rigorously; however, for the
introduction we will use this definition. An example of a tensor-like quantity
is the temperature in a room (which could be a function of space and time)
expressed as a scalar, a tensor of rank zero. Wind velocity is another
example, which can be defined when we know both its magnitude or speed—
a scalar quantity—and its direction. We define velocity as a vector or a tensor
of rank one. Scalars and vectors are familiar quantities to us and we
encounter them in our daily life. However, there are quantities, or tensors of
rank two, three, or higher that are normally dealt with in technical
engineering computations. Examples include mechanical stress in a
continuum, like the wall of a pressure vessel—a tensor of rank two—the
modulus of elasticity or viscosity in a fluid—tensors of rank four—and so on.
Engineers and scientists calculate and analyze tensor quantities, including
their derivatives, using the laws of physics, mostly in the form of governing
equations related to the phenomena. These laws must be expressed in an
objective form as governing equations, and not subjected to the coordinate
system considered. For example, the amount of internal stress in a continuum
should not depend on what coordinate system is used for calculations.
Sometimes tensors and their involved derivatives in a study must be
transformed from one coordinate system to another. Therefore, to satisfy
these technical/engineering needs, a mathematical “machinery” is required to
perform these operations accurately and systematically between arbitrary
coordinate systems. Furthermore, the communication of technical
computations requires precise definitions for tensors to guarantee a reliable
level of standardization, i.e. identifying true tensor quantities from apparently
tensor-like or non-tensor ones. This machinery is called tensor analysis [2],

1.1
[3], [4], [5], [6], [7].
The subject of tensor analysis has two major parts: a) definitions and
properties of tensors including their calculus, and b) rules of transformation
of tensor quantities among different coordinate systems. For example,
consider again the wind velocity vector. By using tensor analysis, we can
show that this quantity is a true tensor and transform it from a Cartesian
coordinate system to a spherical one, for example. A major outcome of tensor
analysis is having general relations for gradient-like operations in arbitrary
coordinate systems, including gradient, curl, divergence, Laplacian, etc.
which appear in many governing equations in engineering and science. Using
tensor notation and definitions, we can write theses governing equations in
explicit coordinate-independent forms.
INDEX NOTATION—THE EINSTEIN SUMMATION
CONVENTION
Writing expressions containing tensors could become cumbersome,
especially when higher ranked tensors and higher dimensional space are
involved. For example, we usually use hatted arrow symbol for vectors (like
) and bold-font symbols for second rank tensors (like ). But this approach
is very limited for expressing, for example, the modulus of elasticity, a 4th
ranked tensor. Another limitation shows up when writing the components of
a tensor in -dimension space. For example, in 3D we write vector in a
Cartesian coordinate system as , where is the
component and the unit vector. Taking this approach for -dimension
space and carrying the summation symbol (i.e. ) is cumbersome and seems
unnecessary.
The Einstein summation convention allows us to get rid of the summation
symbol, if we carry summation operation for repeated indices in product-type
expressions (unless otherwise specified). Using this approach, we can write
and a tensor of rank 4, for example, as , with all
indices range for 1 to . In practice, however, we even ignore writing the unit
vectors and just use the component representing the original tensor; hence
this method is also referred to as component or index notation, or and

. In addition, we represent a tensor’s rank by the number of free (i.e.
not repeated) indices. We use these definitions and conventions throughout
this book.

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a voice carries up better than it carries down. Anyway, I knew he
was up there on account of the light.
I started stumbling over rocks to get to the place where that shaft of
light ended. It made one of those big rocks awful bright, but I
couldn’t see the other rock, because it was behind it. And I couldn’t
see the space between; I was kind of glad I couldn’t. But I knew I
had to come to it.
All the while, I could sort of hear Pee-wee, the way he talked to Mrs.
West, and I remembered how we always laughed at him. I guessed
we’d go right back and I wondered how we’d fix—I mean what we’d
do with him—anyway, we’d have to carry the body to a town and
then telegraph. I said I wouldn’t want to be Harry to have to do
that.
By now it was raining and blowing pretty hard. Two or three times I
called up, but only once I could hear an answer, and even then I
couldn’t make out what he said. I had to climb over rocks and big
trunks and roots of trees that must have fallen down from above
some time or other. It was pretty hard. All of a sudden, that shaft of
light that I was following was gone and I stood there in the rain and
it was pitch dark all around.
I shouted up to Harry at the top of my voice, and there was some
kind of an answer, but I couldn’t make it out.
“What’s the matter?” I yelled. “Throw the light down. I can’t see.”
I heard a voice that seemed kind of as if it was far, far off
somewhere, and I listened, trying to make it out. I wasn’t sure
whether it was a voice or just the wind.
I called out, “What?” Gee, my head just throbbed from shouting so
loud.
“K-i-i-l-ld, k-i-i-l-d.” That’s just what the voice seemed to say.
All of a sudden I stumbled over a rock and fell down in the pitch
dark and knocked my head. For a second it made me see a bright
light, but I knew it wasn’t real. I could feel my forehead was

bleeding. My leg was hurt too, so I couldn’t get up. And my head
just throbbed and throbbed and throbbed.
I called as loud as I could and it just made my head pound all the
more.
I shouted, “Throw the light down here; I’m hurt!”
But the only answer I could hear was that voice saying “K-i-i-ild, k-i-
i-ild——”

CHAPTER XXI—I’M LEFT IN DARKNESS
I didn’t know why Harry should be calling to me that Pee-wee was
killed, because we knew that. And it seemed awful spooky for him to
be saying that one word; anyway, the word made it seem kind of
ghostly-like. Especially, because it was against the wind and that
makes a voice sound kind of not human.
As soon as I could, I got up, but I could hardly stand, I was so dizzy.
I tied my scout scarf around my head, but the blood dripped down
only not so bad. It made my head ache terrible to look up the cliff. I
couldn’t see any light up there at all.
I guess if it hadn’t been for Pee-wee, I would have just lain down
and stayed that way, because I was so weak and dizzy. I couldn’t
shout for the light, because that made me weaker and it made my
head swim. I just went stumbling over rocks and old roots and a
couple of times I had to sit down. My hands were cold just like ice.
Pretty soon I didn’t know where I was at all. It was so dark that I
couldn’t even see the things near me. The rain was blowing in my
face, too. Anyway, I knew one thing, and that was that if I lay down
I would never be able to get up again. I didn’t care so much only I
wanted to see him first. Then if I was going to die, I would stay right
there and die. Anyway, I didn’t care much, because the troop would
never be the same without Pee-wee. That was just the way it was,
we were always kidding him, but when it came to doing something,
he was the one to jump out of that car. While I was sitting on a rock,
I kind of thought how it would be at Temple Camp without him; he
was always getting into some scrape or other in the cooking shack. I
never knew how much I cared about Pee-wee, until that night.
One thing, I don’t get rattled in the dark; and I don’t get lost easily
either. If that shaft of light had never been there and if I had started
down there in the dark, I guess I could have found the place where

Pee-wee’s body was. But when the light disappeared, all of a
sudden, I didn’t know where I was at. And when I fell and hurt
myself, that made it worse.
Besides, the wind and rain made it worse, too. I guess the rain must
have been pouring down off that cliff like a water-fall. Anyway, I
could hear the sound of water splashing.
I just groped about, pressing the scarf tight against my forehead to
keep the cut from bleeding. I didn’t know which way I was going, I
bunked into rocks and trees, and sometimes I was up to my ankles
in water. If I had come to the place where Pee-wee was, it would
just have been luck. I wondered why some one else didn’t come
down, but I guessed they couldn’t manage it, maybe because the
rain was pouring over the edge.
Pretty soon I knew I couldn’t go any more; I tried, but I just
couldn’t. I had to sit down on a rock, I was so dizzy. I held my head
in my two hands. Pretty soon I lay down on the rock and all the
while I could hear the wind and the swishing of water and I wished
they would stop. It was dark so I couldn’t see anything. I guess I
didn’t know anything either, after that.

CHAPTER XXII—WE MEET
Then something awful queer happened. Maybe it was a half an hour
afterward, or maybe not so much—I don’t know. But anyway, I saw
a light. And I felt warm, sort of. And I guess I must have been
asleep, because I didn’t know what it was on my forehead, and I
pulled the end of it and I could see it plain. It wasn’t my scarf,
because mine is gray, on account of my patrol being the Silver
Foxes. But it was black with stripes across, and I knew it was the
scarf of the Raven Patrol.
Then I saw there was a fire very near me—not so very near on
account of the wind—but pretty near. And I thought Grove Bronson
must be there, because he’s a Raven. Then I guess I must have
gone to sleep again, anyway, everything seemed kind of funny and I
thought about how Grove Bronson couldn’t get a fire started in the
rain, because that’s hard and only a few scouts can do that. Then I
sort of could see my mother and she was saying how I must stay
home from school, only I knew I was out there in the rain and that it
was summer and there wasn’t any school.
Then all of a sudden, I could see a face and it scared me. It was all
white and the hair was streaky from the rain. It was Pee-wee’s face.
There didn’t seem to be anybody to it, only just a face. Pretty soon,
it moved.
I said, “Don’t come near me! Stay away! I’m sick and I’m hurt. You
make me scared; don’t come near me! If you’re dead——”
“I just want to put the dry coat over you,” he said; “so I can dry the
other one. Don’t you know me—Roy?”

I JUST WANT TO PUT THE DRY
COAT OVER YOU.
“Pee-wee!” I just kind of gasped.
He said, “Lie still, don’t sit up. They can see the fire; they’re coming
down. It’s holding up now.”
Then I could see the rest of him as he got up from behind the fire.
And he came over with another coat that was dry and warm and laid
it over me, and took the other one.
“I had a dandy idea,” he said, and oh, gee, then I knew it was Pee-
wee; “I fixed a rock so it would get all warm underneath and the
coats would keep dry while I heated them. I invented it; it’s dandy.”

I guess I must have been going all to pieces, anyway, I didn’t know
what I was doing, but I just put my arms around him and I said, “I
don’t care anything about the coats, Pee-wee, as long as you’re alive
—I don’t. Honest, I don’t. I don’t care if I get wet——”
“You told me I couldn’t start a fire in the rain,” he said; “I’ve got a
special way I do it——”
“Don’t go away; stay right here,” I told him. And I just held onto
him.
“They’re coming down, they can see the fire,” he said. “Lie right still.
Anyway, I’d like to tell you, because now we’re alone here, and so
I’d like to tell you that I’m not really mad when you think——”
All I could say was just, “Don’t, kid; don’t talk like that.” And I held
onto him tighter.
And all the while I could see the blaze and I could hear the wet
wood on the fire crackling, and the flame made the whole cliff plain.
And I could see how quick the rock was drying on account of the
heat, and how fire is stronger than water after all, because if you
can only start it right it just laughs at rain. And anyway, a scout like
Pee-wee is better than both, that’s one sure thing.
Then pretty soon I could hear voices, not up on the cliff, but coming
along down below and I could hear Skinny saying, “Will they be
dead?”
And I could hear Harry say, “Yes, one of them, I’m afraid, Alf.”
“That’s where they all get left isn’t it?” Pee-wee said. “I’m glad I’m
alive just so as to fool them.”
That was Pee-wee all over.

CHAPTER XXIII—WE BEGIN OUR SEARCH
Harry and Grove and Skinny came plodding through the mud; they
had come down the same way I had come down. And oh, boy, you
should have seen the way they stared when they saw Pee-wee.
“You alive?” Harry said.
“I can prove it,” Pee-wee shouted.
Harry just stood looking at him and scowling and whistling to
himself, as if he couldn’t believe his senses.
“If you don’t believe I’m alive ask Roy,” the kid blurted out.
“Any injuries? Anything the matter?” Harry asked him, and began to
feel of him all over.
“Only I’m hungry,” the kid said.
Harry just whistled for about half a minute and then he said, “Well, I
suppose that a fall of two or three hundred feet is enough to give
one an appetite—if nothing else. How about you, Roy?”
I told them the best that I could about my adventures, and I asked
him what had happened to the light.
“I stumbled over the storage battery and spilled the chemicals,” he
said.
“Was it you calling killed?” I asked him.
“It was I calling spitted,” he said.
“Good night!” Grove blurted out.
“It shows how much you all know,” Pee-wee piped up. It was the
same old Pee-wee. “I wasn’t anywhere near those two rocks and I—
I wouldn’t know them if I met them in the street. I was sub-
conscious in a tree—I mean unconscious. When I slipped up there, I
went kerflop off the precipice—just like in the movies. There was a

tree sticking out and I caught it and I was kind of stunned. But
anyway, I stuck there in the branches, because I’m lucky. When I
got all right again I managed to crawl along a little ways and then I
slipped down and landed behind a rock or something, and below
that it wasn’t so steep. I went down, because I couldn’t get up and I
wandered around down there, until I heard somebody groaning.
That was Roy.”
“Why didn’t you answer when I called?” Harry asked him.
“I guess I must have been unconscious then,” the kid said. “How
could I answer you if I was unconscious? I guess you were never
unconscious.”
Harry said, “Well, if I’ve never been unconscious, at least I’m
stupefied. Pee-wee, I think you have nine lives like a cat. I’ll never
worry about you again. Go where thou wilt. You were born under a
lucky star. But tell me this, do either one of you nightly wanderers
know who it is who lies wedged between those two rocks
somewhere down here?”
“He’s surely dead,” little Skinny piped up; “isn’t he?”
Harry said, “Yes, Alf, I don’t believe we’ll have to disappoint you
again. He’s very dead.”
“Let’s go and find him,” Pee-wee shouted.
“Do you think you’re able to move about, Roy?” Harry asked me.
“I started to find those two rocks and I’m going to find them,” I told
him.
“I’ll help you along,” Grove said.
We made torches and lighted them at the fire. The way you do that
is, to get a good stick and split it a little way and then split it
crossways to that and keep on splitting it this way and that until the
split parts are so thin that they just curl out and make a kind of a
fuzzy topknot on the end of the stick. If you do it right, the stick will
burn, for about half an hour. When we each had one, we started out

to find the two rocks we had seen from up on the cliff and the body
that we had seen between them.
“If it isn’t a scout then it must be a soldier,” Harry said, “because I’m
sure about the khaki uniform.”
Skinny kept right close to Harry; I guess he was kind of scared
thinking about what we were going to find. I couldn’t blame him,
because it was kind of spooky, seeing those torches moving in the
dark.

CHAPTER XXIV—WE BEHOLD A GHASTLY SIGHT
Grove said it was pretty risky leaving the auto, with no lights on it up
there in the road, but Harry said it was worse to leave some one
dying maybe, but more likely dead, between two rocks down there
in that jungle.
But anyway, this is what we decided to do. Grove said he’d go up
with a torch and keep a fire burning near the machine, while the rest
of us hunted around below. He went along under the cliff to where it
wasn’t so high and steep, and pretty soon we could see his torch
bobbing along the road high up. Then pretty soon we could see a
pretty good blaze up there and something black near it.
But down below we just couldn’t find those rocks. We each went
separately (except Skinny who stayed by Harry) but the more we
hunted the more mixed up we got. Oh, boy, but that was some
jungle! From up on the cliff those two rocks had been good and
plain, but now that we were down below, all the rocks looked alike.
That’s the way it is with rocks; they look different in a bird’s-eye
view.
After a while, Pee-wee shouted, “I’ve got a trail! I’ve got a trail!
Come here, quick!”
Harry and I were pretty far apart, but we both heard him and
followed the light of his torch until we got to the place where he was
standing. Sure enough, there was a trail winding all in and out
among the rocks.
“It’s a sure enough trail all right,” Harry said; “Pee-wee, you’re a
winner. I dare say this starts away up there along the road; it will
show us the easiest way back, if it doesn’t show us anything else.”
“Will it show us that man that’s dead?” little Skinny piped up.

Harry said, “I dare say, Alf; we’ll soon see. If he wasn’t thrown off
the cliff he probably came by the trail.”
“When I saw those rocks from above,” I put in, “they looked too far
out from the cliff for anybody to be thrown there, or to fall there.”
Harry said, “Well, I dare say you’re right. As long as we thought it
was our young hero that was wedged in there, and as long as we
knew that the only way he could have got there was by falling, it
didn’t occur to me that it was pretty far out from the cliff.”
“Then there’s a mystery!” Pee-wee shouted.
“Yes?” Harry said. “Break it to us gently.”
The kid said, “Well, if that man wasn’t thrown down and didn’t fall
down, then how did he get down? He couldn’t have come across far
over toward the east there, because when I had the fire going, I
could see it was all marshy.”
“Well then, he came down by the trail,” Harry said.
“All right, show me a footprint in this trail,” Pee-wee shot right back
at him.
Harry looked and I looked, and even little Skinny got down on his
knees and looked, and there wasn’t the sign of a footprint in that
trail. It was soft there, too, and if there had been any footprints they
would have shown good and clear.
“Maybe he came in an airplane,” Skinny piped up.
“I guess if there was an airplane anywhere around here, we’d have
found it before this,” I said.
Harry said, “Well, I suppose it’s possible that somebody picked his
way down the same as Roy did and then maybe stumbled. None of
us know where those rocks are, but they did look pretty far out from
above, and it does seem mighty funny that there aren’t any
footprints in this trail. Anyway, we’ll push ahead and see what we
see.”

We went along the trail single file, Pee-wee going first, because if
any one can follow a trail, he can. All the while we kept holding our
torches down, looking for footprints, but there wasn’t a sign of any.
Then all of a sudden he stopped short, saying kind of scared sort of,
“There it is! Look—straight ahead—I can see it.”
About fifty feet ahead of us that trail ran between two big rocks,
only they were farther apart and looked different than they did from
up on the cliff. And right there in the trail between them lay a man
with a soldier’s uniform on. He was lying face down, and we knew
he must be dead, because his arms were spread out and one of his
legs was lying up over a corner of rock, kind of crazy like. No matter
how badly injured a man may be, even if he’s unconscious, he never
lies sprawling like that. There’s kind of a way that a dead person lies.
Pee-wee just stopped short in the trail and we all stopped behind
him. I guess for just about a second, none of us wanted to go
nearer. The way that man’s leg was lying made me feel creepy. Harry
said that was the way men lay on the battle field before the nurses
took them—all sprawling, sort of.
Pretty soon Pee-wee moved a little nearer and held his torch toward
the rocks.
“Funny there isn’t any blood there,” Harry said.
“Maybe the rain washed it away,” I told him.
“Go ahead, Pee-wee,” he said; “move along.”

CHAPTER XXV—WE ADD ONE MORE TO OUR PARTY
But for just about a couple of seconds, Pee-wee didn’t budge. Gee, I
couldn’t blame him.
“Look at Grove’s light up there,” I said.
Away up on the road we could see the fire good and plain, and even
something dark moving near it.
“Shall I call to him?” I asked.
“No, don’t,” Harry said. I guess it was just because he didn’t exactly
want us to be shouting with that thing lying so near us. Anyway, we
kind of spoke in whispers—I don’t know why.
I said, “Well, you can see for yourself now that no one could fall as
far out from the cliff as this. Grove’s fire is right near the edge, isn’t
it? Look where that fire is and look where we are.”
“It’s blamed funny there aren’t any footprints,” Harry said; “he’s right
in the trail.”
“It’s a mystery like I told you,” Pee-wee whispered. As we moved
nearer I could see how Skinny was clinging tight to Harry.
When we got near the rocks, Pee-wee seemed to get his nerve back
—most always that’s the way it is with scouts. Anyway, he has plenty
now—that’s one thing.
He was quite a little distance ahead of us and I saw him lean down
and hold his torch over that body. Then, all of a sudden, he set up a
shout that took me off my feet.
“I’ve solved the mystery! I’ve solved the mystery!” he yelled.
Harry said, “Shh, speak easy. Isn’t he dead?”
“He—he—isn’t even alive—I mean he wasn’t!” our young hero
shouted. “Look at him! Feel of him! The mystery is solved!”

It was solved, all right. Pee-wee grabbed hold of one of those
sprawling legs and hauled that body out from between the rocks.
The way he handled it, I’d say it weighed about five or six pounds. It
was just a rag dummy.
We stuck our torches into the earth and sat down on one of those
big rocks and had a good laugh.
“You thought it was me,” our young hero shouted; “you thought it
was me——”
“You mean I, not me,” Harry told him; “we realize now our mistake—
that we should ever have mistaken one with a tongue like yours for
a dummy. The plot certainly grows thicker; I never expected to find
a rag soldier.”
“Anyway, we’ve had a good time,” Pee-wee said.
“Rag-time, I should say,” Harry said; “but what is the meaning of this
dark and dismal mystery? Why this rag-time dough-boy?”
“Search me,” I said, “it has me guessing.”
“That shows how much you all know,” Pee-wee yelled; “that shows
how much what-d’ye-call-it you have—deduction. This is where
those movie men were making their play and that rag dummy got
hurled off the cliff in a jealous rage, just the same the school teacher
in The Cowboy’s Revenge!”
“A jealous rage, hey?” Harry said.
“Sure,” the kid said; “wasn’t one of those movie men in Utica
dressed like a soldier? That was the one that was supposed to be
thrown off the cliff; that one is this one—see?”
Harry just sat there, whistling. Then he said, “I guess you’re right,
kid. They chucked him out too far. It was easy, because he didn’t
weigh anything. This is the climax of a terrible tragedy.”
“I—I bet it’s a dandy play,” Pee-wee said; “I’m going to see it when it
comes out.”

“Too bad it can’t end with a picture of boy scouts on the trail of a
rag dummy. The play might be called The Ragtime Scouts,” Harry
said.
I said, “Yes, and who was the first one to say that was Pee-wee.”
“Guilty,” Harry said; “but yet I was right; I said there was no life in
that figure, and there isn’t. Shall we take our friend along with us? It
seems kind of cruel to leave him here at the mercy of wind and
storm.”
“Sure, take him,” I said; “we’ll put him in the Raven Patrol; they’re a
lot of dead ones.”
Harry slung Mr. Ragtime (that’s what we called him) over his
shoulder and we started back along the trail. On account of being
wet, that dummy was heavier and it hung limp and looked even
more like a real soldier than it did before, I guess. It seemed awful
funny for Harry to be marching along ahead of us with that thing
over his shoulder.
That trail ran along close under the cliff and showed us an easy way
up. Pretty soon we hit into the road and passed the place where we
had supposed Pee-wee had fallen, and then came to the auto. Grove
had the fire burning on the edge of the road right near the car, and
he was sitting there keeping warm when we came along.
Harry said, “We’ve brought with us one of the most famous movie
stars, the Hon. Ragtime Sandbanks; allow us to introduce him. He’s
full of stuff that isn’t worth anything, like most movie plays. Just the
kind of hero that you kids are fond of clapping your hands at. If
they’d only take a few more of those celebrated movie stars and
chuck them off a cliff, it would be a good thing. Well, Grove, old boy,
you been lonesome waiting? Here old Ragtime, dry your clothes out
if you want to ride with us.”
“How are we going to ride without any juice?[1]
” Grove wanted to
know.

“We’re not,” Harry said; “who wants to volunteer to go to Lurin?
That’s the nearest town, I think. Take the old battery in and see if
you can get another one. I don’t see there’s anything else we can
do.”
[1] Electricity.

CHAPTER XXVI—WE ARE PURSUED
Grove and I hiked along to Lurin. It was pretty dark and we had to
be mighty careful for about half a mile, because the road ran right
close to the cliff, but when we once got over the top of that hill, the
going was easy.
We found a service station there and left our battery and got
another one. By the time we got back and Harry got everything
connected up all right, it was daylight.
He had to run that machine mighty careful for a ways, because we
were pretty close to the edge. We could look down and see that
place below good and plain in the daylight. We could see the trail,
too, and just how everything was, and it seemed funny that any of
us could ever have got lost down there. That shows the difference
between day and night. But anyway, I like night better on account of
camp-fire. Only I don’t like home work. I like the middle of the night
best of all, but I like the two ends of it, too. I like one end on
account of breakfast, and the other on account of supper. The
reason I like the middle of the day is on account of lunch. June is my
favorite month, because that’s when my birthday is, and one thing,
I’m glad there’s a week between Christmas and New Year’s, because
on account of holidays. I wish there was a week between
Thanksgiving, but anyway, that hasn’t got anything to do with that
automobile trip. I just thought I’d tell you.
It was dandy to see the sun coming up that morning—that’s one
thing I like about the sun. But, oh, boy, weren’t we hungry! Grove
and I sat on the back seat with Ragtime Sandbanks (that’s the name
we gave him) sitting up between us. He was all nice and dry by that
time. He looked as if he didn’t have any sense. Harry says that’s the
way it is with movie stars. Cracky, that fellow’s all the time knocking
the movies. I guess he does it just to get Pee-wee started.

Let’s see, where was I? Oh, yes, now comes a peachy adventure.
Remember how I told you that Grove and I had Ragtime Sandbanks
sitting up between us? Well, pretty soon, after we had got down to
level country and were making the speedometer earn its board, I
happened to look around and, good night, there was an automobile
coming along lickety-split, about a quarter of a mile behind us.
“They’re breaking the speed laws,” I said.
“Believe me, they’re smashing them all to pieces,” Grove put in.
Harry didn’t bother about them, just kept her rolling along at about
twenty per, when all of a sudden we heard the people in that car
shouting at us to stop.
“You don’t suppose it can be Brent Gaylong and his patrol, do you?”
I asked.
Harry said, “No, they’re waiting for us up in the woods by this time.”
“It’s a flivver,” Grove said.
“Some nerve; a flivver calling to a Cadillac to stop,” I said.
“Are we going to get arrested now?” Skinny sung out in that funny
high voice. Gee whiz, you could hardly blame him, after all the crazy
things that had happened.
Harry said, “Maybe, but I couldn’t promise you. Perhaps so, if you’re
good.”
We just kept running along about the same as before; Harry
wouldn’t bother to stop and he wouldn’t bother to go faster. And all
the while that other machine came zig-zagging and rattling along
pell-mell, with the men in it shouting for us to stop.
Pretty soon, good night, there was a shot!
“Huh,” Harry said, all the while stopping the machine; “looks like
business; I guess we’re pinched.”
“That shot went over our heads,” I said, “they didn’t mean to hit us.”

Harry said, “No, but they meant to scare us and make us stop; I
wonder what we’re up against now.”
All of a sudden a thought popped into my head. “Hurry up,” I said to
Grove; “let’s throw Ragtime Sandbanks out and they’ll think they
killed him. Throw him out so he’ll go down that bank beside the road
—quick!”
In about a jiffy out went our old college chum, Ragtime Sandbanks
sprawling kerflop on the edge of the road and kerplunk down into
the ditch where there was water running.
“So long, old pal!” I shouted after him; “you died in a good cause.”
“Victim of an assassin,” Pee-wee said.
“He landed in the water,” Grove said.
“How can you land in water?” Pee-wee wanted to know, all the while
craning his neck out of the car. “He sank,” he shouted; “I don’t see
him.”
“End of The Cowboy’s Revenge,” Harry said; “what do you suppose
will be the next act in this interesting comedy?”
“I think we’re pinched,” I said.
“What did we do?” Grove wanted to know.
“Who committed this murder? It wasn’t any of us,” I said.
Harry just sat there with his arms on the wheel, looking around and
waiting for that car to catch up with us, and laughing.
“I wish Brent was here,” he said; “I think we’re going to have some
fun. This is right in his line.”

CHAPTER XXVII—WE ARE CAUGHT
There were three men in that car and as soon as they caught up
with us, I knew they were sheriffs or detectives or something like
that, on account of their being big and kind of bossy looking.
They got out and came up to our car and one of them said, very
loud and gruff, “What are you doing with that car?”
“Why, we’re just sitting in it laughing,” Harry said. “Here’s another;
why is a Ford like a poisonous snake? Give it up? Because it has a
rattle. Let’s tell some more.”
“Who was that you throwed out of this car?” the man shouted right
in Harry’s face. All the while the other two men were down in the
ditch looking for the dummy. I guess it must have gone down in the
water, anyway, they couldn’t find it.
Harry said, “Oh, that was really your fault; should be more careful
when you shoot at random. That was a very famous personage—Mr.
R. T. Sandbanks.”
Gee, I could hardly keep a straight face. The men just stood there
staring, and Harry just sat there with his arms folded on the steering
wheel, smiling just as nice as could be. Poor little Skinny was
clinging to his arm. Pee-wee and Grove and I sat on the back seat
trying not to laugh. Those men looked at us as if they thought it was
funny for boy scouts to be there, but we should worry about them.
Our consciences were clear, only we were hungry.
“Look here, you,” the big man said to Harry; “you got to explain your
movements—and your actions.”
“Our actions can’t be explained,” Harry said; “we’re all crazy. But
anything we can do to accommodate you——”
All the while the other two men were poking around in the creek
with sticks. The big man shook his finger right in Harry’s face and

said, “You’re the feller that was in Wade’s Hotel in Utica with a car
with a New York license. You were seen there. You had some stolen
property in that car. You’ve changed your license plate since then.
Been in Crystal Falls ain’t you? Get out of there, you kids, and let me
look under that seat. What are you doing with a crowd of young
boys in this car, anyway?”
Harry said, “My goodness, what a lot of questions! You’re a regular
questionnaire, aren’t you? Get up, boys.”
We got up and he dug around under the back seat, but didn’t find
anything. Then he dug in the side pockets and, good night, there
were our “papers” as Pee-wee called them.
He said, “What’s all this, eh?”
Harry said, “Those? Oh, those are just some papers. One of them is
a letter, and let’s see, those two are newspaper articles and the
other is a description of a tree. Do you like trees? We’re crazy about
trees.”
Oh, boy, you should have seen that man. He read those papers over
and scowled. “Train robbed, huh?” he said. “Shootin’ goin’ on, huh?
Now, who are you, anyway, and who did you throw out of this car,
and where did you get this car, and where did you get this here
license plate that you’re using?”
Harry said, “Well, it’s a long story and really it would be a shame to
tell it, unless we were all sitting around the camp-fire. We’re a band
of adventurers and we’re on our way to see what will happen next.
Our specialties are murder, burglary, treasure hunting and food,
when we can get it. Going to be warm to-day, don’t you think so?”
Honest, that man hardly knew what to say, he was so flabbergasted.
I guess he must have felt like Alice in Wonderland, hey? With men
being thrown out and disappearing and nice little boy scouts instead
of burglars, and papers that he couldn’t make out the meaning of at
all. He just looked around kind of puzzled, and all the while Harry sat
there with his arms folded on the wheel—oh, boy, I could hardly
keep a straight face.

Pretty soon the man said, “Well, young feller, you got to give an
explanation of your whereabouts. You were seen in Utica with this
car and you had some valuables in it. A porter in the hotel seen
them under the seat. You went away and later passed through Utica
with this same car. And what did you do with that stuff? And where’d
you get your plate changed? Just let’s see your card.”
Harry showed him his driver’s card. Gee whiz, I wanted Harry to tell
him that scouts don’t get mixed up with burglaries and things like
that, but he didn’t bother to tell him anything. I guess he thought
that anybody ought to know that much. Cracky, I wouldn’t be a
burglar.
Then he walked all around the car, sizing it up; I guess he was
hunting for some kind of clews or other. Then he whispered with the
other men. And all the while, Harry just sat there smiling.
I said, “Why, don’t you tell them how it was?”
“They wouldn’t believe us,” Harry said; “don’t you know you can’t
tell a detective anything? You’ve got to let him crack his head
against a stone wall.”
“Will we get put in jail?” Skinny asked.
“Guess not,” Harry said; “my one regret is, that Brent isn’t here. He’d
enjoy this. Evidently these fellows belong in Utica and they’re a little
behind on their information. I rather prefer our old friend, the
constable.”
Pretty soon the big man left the other two poking around in the
water, and came over and said, “I’ll ride into Lurin with you. You’ll
have to go before a justice you fellers. You got to explain your
movements. Was that man you threw out of the car, dead?”
Harry said, “Oh, very dead. I don’t think I’ve ever seen anybody so
dead before.”
“Well, then, you killed him,” the man said; “’twasn’t no shot of ours.
How’d that man come by his death, huh?”

“He was thrown off a cliff,” Harry said.
“Well, we’ll find out who threw him off,” the man said.
Harry said, “Oh, that’s easy; fifteen cents and the war tax, and you’ll
know the whole story. Climb over in back Alf, and let this gentleman
sit here.”
Just then one of the other men came dragging poor Mr. Ragtime
Sandbanks after him. He looked awful silly—I mean the man. The
poor old dummy was all soaked and his legs and arms flopped this
way and that. Harry looked, but didn’t seem especially interested.
“So that’s it, is it?” the big man said.
“That’s it,” Harry said.
“A dummy!” the man just what-do-you-call-it—you know—
ejaculated.
“Oh, don’t call yourself names,” Harry said.
Jimmetty, you should have seen that man.

CHAPTER XXVIII—OUR CASE IS DISMISSED
Oh, boy! Laugh! I guess, to use Pee-wee’s favorite words, those men
thought we were some deep mystery. I guess they didn’t know what
to think at all. Anyway, two of them took the dummy in the Ford and
the big man rode with us—pity the dummy! That was the hardest
part of all his adventures.
It was awful funny to hear Harry talking on the front seat. He said,
“I’ve often wondered why you fellows don’t get after the garage-
keepers—they’re the real robbers. I’d be willing to take my chance
with a highwayman, but with a garage-keeper, nix.”
In Lurin, we all stopped in front of a nice white house that had a
sign on the door that said:
GEORGE WINTERS
JUSTICE OF THE PEACE
I guess poor little Skinny thought our mad career of evil was up at
last. Pee-wee looked kind of scared, too.
We all went in and stood in front of a desk and George Winters,
Justice of the Peace, sat on the other side of it. He wasn’t cross and
ugly at all. He said good morning, and he thought it would be a nice
day.
“Not if we go to jail it won’t,” Pee-wee said.
“Will we have to stay as much as ten years?” little Alf, wanted to
know.
Justice Winters said, “Well, what’s all the trouble?”
The big man told him that they gave us the chase out of Utica. Can
you beat that? A flivver chasing a Cadillac! Excuse me, while I laugh.
He told the Justice how we had reached Utica very early in the
morning and had stopped at a hotel, and how a porter who was

cleaning up in the sheds had seen the things under the back seat of
the car. Then he said how we left very suddenly and, several hours
later, were seen passing through Utica again with a different number
on our machine. He didn’t say anything about Mr. Ragtime
Sandbanks. Gee whiz, I didn’t blame him for that.
But Harry wasn’t going to let him off so easy. He said, “You forgot to
tell the Justice about the murder we committed. We wish to plead
guilty to that.”
Oh, gee, that poor man; he had to tell about the whole business,
how they hunted around in the water and found the rag dummy.
That Justice scowled, kind of, and I guess he didn’t know what it all
meant, but anyway, he had to smile. “That shows we’re innocent,”
Pee-wee spoke up, “because if a thing isn’t alive, you can’t murder
it, can you?”
Justice Winters sort of smiled and he said, no, you couldn’t.
After he had listened to what all those men had if say, he said,
“Well, you wish to make a charge against these people?”
“I want ’em held for complicity,” that’s what the big man said.
“That’s one thing we didn’t do, anyway,” Pee-wee said; “complicity.
How did we complicit?” Justice Winters smiled kind of, and began
rooting around among a lot of papers. He said, “Well, I’m glad you
caught these fellows, because they’re wanted.”
The big man said, “I knew there was something wrong when I heard
of their coming back through Utica with a different license plate and
getting off the state road and cutting up through the hills. They was
looking to get off the main line of travel.”
Justice Winters said, “We have already received a phone message to
have them stopped when they passed through the town. Judge West
of Crystal Falls, lost no time in having them traced. It is fortunate
that you caught them, though our own authorities were on the
watch.” He began rooting among his papers some more, and pretty
soon he picked up a long envelope.

You ought to have seen Pee-wee and Skinny. They looked as if all
hope was lost. Even Harry looked kind of puzzled. But those men—
oh, didn’t they look chesty!
“I knew there was something wrong about ’em,” the big man said.
Justice Winters said, “Yes, you’ve made a good capture. I was
talking on the ’phone with Judge West last night, and promised to
have this party stopped if they passed through. Very early this
morning I received a special delivery letter from him. I will read it to
you.”
“I’m glad we were able to do a favor for the Judge,” that big man
said, awful important like.
“We haven’t found his valuables yet, but we will. This oldest fellow
knows where they are.”
“Right the first time,” Harry said; “I do.”
Then the Justice read the letter and g-o-o-d night, this is just what it
said:
“Dear Justice:—
“Pursuant to our ’phone talk just now, I am enclosing check
for five hundred dollars, payable to bearer, by registered
special delivery. I hope it will reach you before this young
man and his friends pass through your town. I was sorry
not to see them when they restored our property. Please
hand him this check, which is for the amount of the reward
I offered, and insist upon these boys accepting it. I do not
know where they belong and could probably never get in
touch with them, so do not let them get away. Convince
them that this money is theirs, and that they earned it.
“Hurriedly,
“Josiah E. West.”
“That’s all there is to it,” Justice Winters said; “there’s no use trying
to get the better of a man like Judge West. Which would you prefer

to do; accept the money, or have me hold you on a technical charge
of appropriating a rag dummy, until I can notify the Judge?”
“You’d—you’d better take the check, Harry,” Pee-wee piped up; “it
wouldn’t be safe to try to foil a man like Judge West—safety first,
Harry—we’d better take the check.”
I wish I had a snapshot of those three men to show you—especially
the big one. They looked as if they were suffering from shell shock.

CHAPTER XXIX—WE HAVE AN ELECTION
So that was the end of Mr. Ragtime Sandbanks; anyway, it was the
last of him as far as we know. Harry said maybe those men would
get him a job as a detective. Gee whiz, there are worse detectives,
believe me. Harry said he was one of the greatest movie heroes that
ever lived—or didn’t live; what’s the difference? He said he liked him,
because he didn’t keep smiling all the time and aiming pistols like
some movie heroes. Some knocker.
We had a conclave about that five hundred dollars; that’s what Pee-
wee called it—a conclave. And we voted whether we should keep it
or not. Pee-wee said it would be contempt of court not to keep it,
and that a scout must obey his superiors. Skinny said if we didn’t
take it, maybe we’d all have to go to jail. Harry said it might be fun
to go to jail, because that was one of the things he had never done.
I said, “The longer you put it off, the more you’ll enjoy it; lots of
people are in too much of a hurry to go to jail.”
Cracky, we didn’t know what to do, because a scout is supposed not
to take anything for a service. We sat there in the auto talking and
talking about it, and all of us kept changing around, and I guess we
didn’t know what would be right for us to do.
I said, “If it was just a glass of soda or something like that, I’d know
what to do with it.”
Pee-wee said, “Sure, even if it was two glasses.”
“I could handle six just now,” Grove put in.
“Some bunch!” I said; “any one would think we were hunting for
sodas instead of buried treasure.”
“If I had a soda it would be a buried treasure in about ten seconds,”
Pee-wee shouted. Can you beat that kid?

Harry said, “Well, here we are talking about ice-cream sodas when
the paramount issue is a five hundred dollar check.”
“What kind of an issue?” Pee-wee piped up.
Grove said, “I vote not to take it.”
“I’ll take the same,” Pee-wee said.
“Where do you think you are; in a candy store?” I asked him.
“I mean I vote the same,” he said.
Skinny said, “I vote to take it, because I’m afraid of that judge.”
Harry said, “Well, so far everybody has voted both ways, so
everybody wins, including Judge West.”
“I vote in the positive,” our young hero said.
“You mean negative,” I told him; “what do you think this outfit is; a
storage battery?”
“I mean infirmative,” he shouted.
“Which is the best thing to do?” Harry said.
“I vote that it is,” Grove spoke up.
“What is?” Harry said.
“I vote we get some breakfast,” poor little Skinny piped up.
“Carried by an unanimous majority,” I shouted.
Then Harry said, “Now, you kids listen to me, and keep still a
minute. There’s a way of getting around that law.”
Pee-wee shouted, “Is it a long way around? Because I’m hungry.”
“No, it’s a short cut around the outside,” Harry said. “We can take
the check and beat Judge West at his own game. We can show him
that boy scouts are not to be trifled with and browbeaten….”
“You’d better not, Harry,” Pee-wee said; “safety first. Gee, I’m not
afraid of rattlesnakes or wasps or mince pie; but judges—good
night!”

Harry said, “We’ll just take this check and when we get to Temple
Camp, if we ever do, we’ll make arrangements to have a shack or a
cabin built there; maybe we could build it ourselves; and we’ll
endow it….”
“Shingles are better,” Pee-wee shouted.
“We’ll use what we need to build it,” Harry said, “and the rest we’ll
put in the bank, and we’ll get your scoutmaster and the rest of you
wild Indians interested, and we’ll have that cabin maintained for
poor troops that can’t afford the regular troop cabins. I don’t believe
the trustees will have any objection. I don’t believe that scout law
means that you can’t take money and use it to help others; it means
that you can’t take it and just buy sodas with it. That’s my idea.”
“Oh, boy! Five hundred dollars worth of sodas! Mm—mmm!” Pee-
wee put in.
I said, “Yes, and if we find the bags of gold dust, we’ll add that to it,
too.”
“That’s what we will,” Harry said.
“And I’ve got a dandy idea,” Pee-wee shouted. “As long as we’ve
been mixed up with burglaries and all like that, and as long as we
got this money in that way, we’ll have that cabin named Robbers’
Cave.”
I said, “Sure, because really we have to thank those burglars. If it
hadn’t been for them, we wouldn’t be able to help poor scouts.”
“You’re crazy!” Pee-wee shouted.
“Roy is right,” Harry said. “We should not forget the poor, honest,
hardworking burglars who never receive credit. They help the
homeless, and feed the hungry and give poor boys a little whiff of
the fresh country air, and for this they are denounced and
misjudged. Never speak unkindly of the poor, charitable, kind-
hearted burglar.”

Honest, that fellow is crazier than the rest of us. Poor little Skinny
didn’t seem to know what to think.

CHAPTER XXX—WE SEE OUR FRIENDS
All the fellows said that was a good idea, and Grove said that if the
trustees didn’t like the name of Robbers’ Cave, we would call the
cabin, West Cabin, on account of Judge West. Pee-wee said the only
good place left for a cabin at Temple Camp was on what we called
East Hill, and if it was on East Hill, how could we call it West Cabin?
“Anyway, let’s get some breakfast,” I said.
So then Harry called up Judge West in Crystal Falls, and I guess
Judge West must have been a pretty nice man, because Harry was
laughing a lot while they were talking. You bet that fellow knows
how to talk to anybody. Especially girls.
He said, “Well, it’s all right; I told the judge all about it and he’s
strong for Robbers’ Cave—he says he likes that name best. He
seems to think he’d like to visit Temple Camp some time.”
“What did you tell him?” Pee-wee wanted to know.
“I told him to bring his knitting and stay all day,” Harry said; “I told
him he could be one of the judges in the pancake race.”
“What did he say?” he kid piped up, all excited.
“He said he’s crazy about pancakes,” Harry told us.
“Believe me, he isn’t any crazier than I am,” I said.
So that was what put the idea of pancakes into our heads, and we
went into a funny little place in that village and had some dandy
ones. When, you get started eating pancakes, it’s awful hard to stop.
After that we started off again and by lunch time, we were in
Watertown.
Skinny said, “I’m glad we’re in Watertown, because I want a drink of
water.”

“I wish we’d get to Iceland, and then we’d get some ice cream,” I
told him.
On the road maps they show you the best hotels—anyway, that’s
what they call them. Believe me, if I ever make a road map, I’ll show
Wessel’s in Watertown, because that’s where you get the ice-cream
cones—oh, bibbie!
Now, this is my advice to you if you’re taking the road from
Watertown to Steuben Junction—don’t. But if you take it, for
goodness’ sake take it away altogether. Because it only gets in your
way.
“It must have been awful in that flivver, coming along here,” Harry
said.
“Anyway, you bet I’ll be glad to see Brent and those fellows,” I told
him.
“I only hope we find them,” Harry said.
“I only hope we find the treasure,” Grove spoke up.
Harry said, “Yes, we’ll have to get on the job now and remember
that we’re out for buried gold.”
It was fine going from Watertown to Steuben Junction, even if the
road was bad. Because anyway, even if motoring is a lot of fun, that
isn’t what scouts think most about. What they think most about is
the woods. And we went through dandy woods. I was glad we had
to go slow, because we like to be in the woods. Gee, that was one
good thing about that road anyway—it went through the woods.
It was nice and dark in there and in some places you could only just
see the sky through the trees. There were a lot of squirrels, too, in
those woods. I like the red ones best. But you can’t tame a
chipmunk. Squirrels you can. It reminded me of Temple Camp to
hear the birds, because at Temple Camp that’s the first thing you
hear mornings. Robins, gee, there are a lot of them up there. Right
near our troop cabin there’s an elm with seven of them in it. One
more and they’d be a full patrol.

Harry said, “Nice riding through here, hey?”
Grove said, “Listen to that noise.”
“It’s a tree-toad,” Pee-wee said; “don’t you know a tree-toad when
you hear one?”
Harry stopped the car and we all listened. “Sounds like a baby,”
that’s just what he said.
“It isn’t,” I told him; “it’s a tree-toad, all right. Do you know why he
calls like that? It’s to let the birds know to get out of the tree,
because it belongs to him.”
“Some nerve,” Grove said.
Harry just sat there listening, awful interested like. Then he said,
“Well, I suppose it belongs to him as much as to any one else. How
would you like to get a shot at him?”
“He should worry,” I said; “scouts aren’t supposed to kill things.”
Harry just kind of kept humming and listening.
I said, “You’ve had a lot of adventures, that’s one sure thing, but do
you like to kill things?”
“I’ve killed a lot of time in my life,” he said.
“Time isn’t alive,” Skinny piped up; “animals are alive.”
“So are trees if it comes to that,” I said.
Harry just kind of sat there for about half a minute, leaning his arms
on the steering wheel and looking all around in the woods. I guess
he was kind of dreaming like.
All of a sudden he said, “Well, this isn’t hunting for buried treasure is
it? No scout rule against that, is there?”
“Believe me, buried treasure is our favorite nickname,” I told him.
“Nice and quiet in here,” he said; “I hate to hit into open country.
Look at that old oak; be a pretty rich tree-toad that owns that chunk
of real estate, hey?”

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