Terrestrial decomposition
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This chapter discusses the key processes and controls of terrestrial decomposition. It describes the three main processes of decomposition - leaching of litter, fragmentation of litter, and chemical alteration. The chapter also addresses the temporal and spatial heterogeneity of decomposition rates. The main factors that control decomposition are the physical environment, substrate quality and quantity, and the microbial community present. Decomposition breaks down dead organic matter, releasing carbon and nutrients back into the ecosystem.
Terrestrial decomposition
- 1. Prepared by: Nikki Rose D. Dapanas BS Environmental Science III Prof. Magdalyna Dulay
- 2. Chapter 7: Terrestrial Decomposition Types of Processes in Decomposition Leaching of Litter Litter Fragmentation Chemical Alteration
- 3. Chapter 7: Terrestrial Decomposition Temporal and Spatial Heterogeneity Decomposition Temporal Pattern Spatial Pattern
- 4. Chapter 7: Terrestrial Decomposition Factors Controlling Decomposition Physical Environment Substrate Quality & Quantity Microbial Community
- 5. Chapter 7: Terrestrial Decomposition Decomposition at the Ecosystem Scale Anaerobic Heterotrophic Respiration
- 6. Decomposition breaks down dead organic matter, releasing carbon to the atmosphere and nutrients in forms that can be used for plant and microbial production.
- 7. This chapter describes the key controls over decomposition and soil organic matter accumulation by ecosystems.
- 8. Conversion of dead OM into CO2 & inorganic nutrients
- 11. Removes soluble materials from decomposing organic material by water transfers.
- 12. Physical process by w/c mineral ions & small water-soluble org. cpd. Dissolved in water & move through the soils.
- 13. Soil animals Breaks large pieces of organic matter into smaller ones provide a food source for soil animals create fresh surfaces for microbial colonization
- 14. dead organic matter is primarily a consequence of the activity of bacteria and fungi occur spontaneously in the soil without microbial mediation
- 15. Fungi main initial decomposers of terrestrial dead plant material 80 to 90% of the total decomposer biomass & respiration
- 16. Bacteria small size & large surface to volume ratio of bacteria enable them to absorb soluble substrates rapidly & to grow & divide quickly in substrate-rich zones lysing & breaking down live & dead bacterial & fungal cells
- 17. Litter & animal residues are gradually decomposed until their original identity is no longer recognizable
- 18. Temporal pattern The predominant controls over decomposition change with time. In seasonal environments, micro bial respiration often occurs over a longer time period.
- 19. Spatial Pattern Most decomposition occurs near the soil surface, where litter inputs are concentrated Decomposition rate is spatially heterogeneous at several scales.
- 21. affects decomposition Directly promoting microbial activity indirectly by altering soil moisture and the quantity & quality of organic matter inputs to the soil.
- 22. Carbon accumulation is greatest in wet soils because decomposition is more restricted by high soil moisture
- 23. Sufficient oxygen is available Decomposers (plant) are most productive under warm moist conditions.
- 24. decomposition occurs more rapidly in neutral than in acidic soils due to a variety of interacting factors.
- 25. increases decomposition by promoting aeration exposing new surfaces to microbial attack.
- 26. Litter
- 27. Soil Organic Matter
- 31. Decomposition in anaerobic environments occurs slowly and produces energy inefficiently.
- 32. God Speed