textbook.docx
- 1. BASIC SCIENCE STANDARD 8 C S I COLLEGE OF EDUCATION PARASSALA NATURAL SCIENCE 2020 - 2022
- 2. BASICSCIENCE Biodiversity conservation 2 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT We would like to commence our list of acknowledgementwith our heartfelt thanksto God the Almighty, who helped us every step to complete the work with His strength This work wasconducted under the guidance of Dr. Saphia L, naturalscience optionalteacher, CSI College of education parassala. A deep sense of our heartsfor her sincere guidance, encouragementand supervision. We are also thankfulto our friendsfor their moralsupport, encouragement and warm companionship
- 3. BASICSCIENCE Biodiversity conservation 3 TEXTBOOK DEVELOPMENT TEAM Adarsh S Raj Arya M L Arya S P Shyni T Ebin R
- 4. BASICSCIENCE Biodiversity conservation 4 CONTENT BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION 1.1 BIODIVERSITY 1.2 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION 1.3 IN-SITU CONSERVATION 1.4 EX-SITU CONSERVATION
- 6. BASICSCIENCE Biodiversity conservation 6 There are more than 125million species of living things are seen on earth. The common man would find it hard to believe that there are more than 20,000species of ants,3,00,000 species of beetles, 28,000s species of fishes and 20,000 species of orchids are present on our earth Obseve the illustration carefully ,identify and compare the number of species that are present in our earth Is this diversity is importantto the biosphere ? Diversity is important to the life up on the earth because it maintains ecological balance, maintain climatic condition, prevent disasters, boost ecosystem productivity etc.. Diversity means not only the richness of species but also the biological organization ranging from macromolecules to biomes
- 7. BASICSCIENCE Biodiversity conservation 7 Which species are dominant? Which species are less? 1.1 Sales monera protista fungi plantae animaliae BIODIVERSITY Biodiversity includes all the diverse organisms that inhabit the earth along with their ecosystems. Biodiversity includes various levels like ecosystem diversity, species diversity and genetic diversity.
- 8. BASICSCIENCE Biodiversity conservation 8 Walter. G. Rosen British environmentalist first used the term biodiversity Biodiversity is the richness of the biosphere What is the condition of biodiversity around us? What happen to the biodiversity?Disscuss the indicators Indicator Is all the organism thatonce existed in your locality still exist? Are changes in the agriculturalfield will affectbiodiversity? Indicators • Are all ecosystems alike in biodiversity? • Species diversity? • Genetic diversity?
- 9. BASICSCIENCE Biodiversity conservation 9 Is the changes in the lifestyle may be a reason for biodiversity depletion? Role of human in biodiversity loss How do you understand the changes in biodiversity Through observation Bird watching Now we are aware about the current situation of our biodiversity. What are the reason for biodiversity depletion and what are the measures we have to taken to conserve biodiversity .discuss and write it on your science diary. Biodiversity rich old days biodiversity today
- 10. BASICSCIENCE Biodiversity conservation 10 Biodiversity tomorrow Indicators What do you mean by conservation of biodiversity? Is there any need of protecting organism at the verge of extinction What are the precaution we should adopt to conserve biodiversity 1.2 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION There are many national and international organisations and legal systems working for the conservation of biodiversity. The ?
- 11. BASICSCIENCE Biodiversity conservation 11 National Parks National Parks are designed toprotect wild lives along with the protection of historical monuments, natural resource es and geographicalfeatures of an area. Eravikulam,SilentValley, Anamudi Shola, Mathikettan Shola and Pambadum Shola are the national parks in Kerala. government conserves bio-rich areas declaring them as protected areas. Two types of conservation methods are prevalent. They are: In-situ conservation Ex-situ conservation in-situ conservation method in which organisms are protected in their natural habitats and ex-situ conservation method in which organisms are protected outside their natural habitats. Let us familiarise ourselves with some examples of such conservationmethods. 1.3 In-situ conservation Wild Life Sanctuary These are forest areas declared as protected areas to prevent the extinction of wild lives by protecting the ecosystem. Peppara, Periyar, Wayanad etc., are examples of wild life sanctuaries in Kerala
- 12. BASICSCIENCE Biodiversity conservation 12 Sacred groves These are small areas of biodiversity protectedin regions inhabited byhuman beings. Due to changes in lifestyle many of these which were highly bio-rich have been destroyed.Onlya few are remaining now. Sacred groves play an important role in the conservation of water in the region too. Complete the illustration Biosphere reserves Community Reserves Community reserves are areas protected with the participation of the public.These are ecologically important places located in populated areas. TheKadalundi Community Reserve spread over the districts of MalappuramandKozhikode is an example These are vast regions designed with an aim to protect world's important ecosystems, biodiversity and genetic resources. Biosphere reserves like the Nilgiris and Agasthyarkoodam include areas belonging to Kerala too.
- 13. BASICSCIENCE Biodiversity conservation 13 1.4 Ex-situ conservation insitu conservat ion national parks . . biosphere reserve . . community reserve . . wild life sanctuary . . Zoological gardens Zoological gardens are conservation centres where different varieties of animals are protected and housed separately and where necessary arrangements are made available for their reproduction. They also function as conservation centres of organisms which have become extinct in wild. There are zoological gardens at Thiruvananthapuram and Thrissur in Kerala.
- 14. BASICSCIENCE Biodiversity conservation 14 Botanical gardens These are wide research centres where rare and important plants of diverse species are protected. We can identify many plants and get more information about them by visiting a botanical garden. Jawaharlal Nehru Tropical Botanical Garden and Research Institute (JNTBGRI) at Palode in Thiruvananthapuram and Malabar BotanicalGarden (MBG) at Olavanna in Kozhikode are examples Gene Banks These are research centres with facilities to collect seeds and gametes to preserve them for a long time. Organisms can be recreated out of them whenever required. Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology at Thiruvananthapuram is an example
- 15. BASICSCIENCE Biodiversity conservation 15 Indicators Scope of ex situ conservation What is the significance of gene bank How wild life sanctuaries differ from zoological parks Complete the illustration Biodiversity In situconservation
- 16. BASICSCIENCE Biodiversity conservation 16 Learning outcomes The learner can Understand aboutbiodiversity and need of biodiversity conservation Engage in activities related to biodiversity conservation Make othersaware aboutbiodiversity conservation Let us assess 1.Find the odd one out from the following. Justify your answer a)Zoological gardens,Gene Banks,Community reserve, Botanical gardens b) Peppara, Eravikulam, Periyar,Wayanad 2.Examine the statements given below and rewrite if there are errors. a) Gene banks are included in in-situ conservation b) method in which organisms are protected intheir natural habitats is called ex-situ conservation method c) National Parks are designed to protect wild lives along with the protection of historical monuments, natural resources and geographicalfeatures of an area. Zoological garden
- 17. BASICSCIENCE Biodiversity conservation 17 Extended activities Prepare a poster that emphasize the importance of biodiversity conservation Conduct a awareness programme that emphasis biodiversity and importance of biodiversity conservation