The Full Power of ASP.NET Web API
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The document discusses various aspects of building RESTful web APIs with ASP.NET Web API, including content negotiation, model validation, serialization, and self-hosting. It provides code examples for adding validation filters, configuring formatters for different content types, and setting up a self-hosted API server. The document also references resources for learning more about RESTful architecture and building hypermedia-driven APIs with ASP.NET Web API.
![ "opt-out" approach
"opt-in" approach
public class Product
{
public string Name { get; set; }
public decimal Price { get; set; }
[JsonIgnore]
public int ProductCode { get; set; }
}
[DataContract] public class Product
{
[DataMember] public string Name { get; set; }
[DataMember] public decimal Price { get; set; }
// omitted by default
public int ProductCode { get; set; }
}](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/asp-netwebapi-130529230752-phpapp02/85/The-Full-Power-of-ASP-NET-Web-API-36-320.jpg)
![public object Get()
{
return new {
Name = "Alice",
Age = 23,
Pets = new List<string> { "Fido", "Polly", "Spot" } };
}
public void Post(JObject person)
{
string name = person["Name"].ToString();
int age = person["Age"].ToObject<int>();
}](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/asp-netwebapi-130529230752-phpapp02/85/The-Full-Power-of-ASP-NET-Web-API-37-320.jpg)
![public class ProductMD
{
[StringLength(50), Required]
public string Name { get; set; }
[Range(0, 9999)]
public int Weight { get; set; }
}](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/asp-netwebapi-130529230752-phpapp02/85/The-Full-Power-of-ASP-NET-Web-API-44-320.jpg)
![ [Required]
[Exclude]
[DataType]
[Range]
[MetadataTypeAttribute( typeof( Employee.EmployeeMetadata ) )]
public partial class Employee
internal sealed class EmployeeMetadata
[StringLength(60)]
[RoundtripOriginal]
public string AddressLine { get; set; }
}
}
[StringLength(60)]
[RegularExpression]
[AllowHtml]
[Compare]](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/asp-netwebapi-130529230752-phpapp02/85/The-Full-Power-of-ASP-NET-Web-API-45-320.jpg)
![public class ModelValidationFilterAttribute : ActionFilterAttribute
{
public override void OnActionExecuting(HttpActionContext actionContext)
{
if (actionContext.ModelState.IsValid == false)
{
// Return the validation errors in the response body.
var errors = new Dictionary<string, IEnumerable<string>>();
foreach ( var keyValue in actionContext.ModelState )
{
errors[keyValue.Key] =
keyValue.Value.Errors.Select(e => e.ErrorMessage);
}
actionContext.Response =
actionContext
.Request
.CreateResponse(HttpStatusCode.BadRequest, errors);
}
}
}](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/asp-netwebapi-130529230752-phpapp02/85/The-Full-Power-of-ASP-NET-Web-API-47-320.jpg)
![public class ModelValidationFilterAttribute : ActionFilterAttribute
{
public override void OnActionExecuting(HttpActionContext actionContext)
{
if (actionContext.ModelState.IsValid == false)
{
// Return the validation errors in the response body.
var errors = new Dictionary<string, IEnumerable<string>>();
foreach ( var keyValue in actionContext.ModelState )
{
errors[keyValue.Key] =
keyValue.Value.Errors.Select(e => e.ErrorMessage);
}
actionContext.Response =
actionContext
.Request
.CreateResponse(HttpStatusCode.BadRequest, errors);
}
}
}
protected void Application_Start() {
// ...
GlobalConfiguration
.Configuration
.Filters.Add(new ModelValidationFilterAttribute());
}](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/asp-netwebapi-130529230752-phpapp02/85/The-Full-Power-of-ASP-NET-Web-API-48-320.jpg)
The Full Power of ASP.NET Web API
- 4. Browser Request Index.html MVC4 Traditional Request / Response for ALL rendered content and assets
- 5. Initial Request Application.htm MVC4 RequireJS Loader Page1 Partial.htm IndexViewModel.js Application.js (bootstrap) ViewModel (#index) ViewModel (#login) Model (LoginModel) JSON Requests HTML5 localstorage Handling disconnection
- 6. Source: www.programmableweb.com – current APIs: 4,535
- 9. POST SimpleService.asmx/EchoString HTTP/1.1 Host: localhost:1489 User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 Accept: text/html Content-Type: application/json; Content-Length: 27 ... XML, JSON, SOAP, AtomPub ... Headers Data Verb URL
- 10. POST SimpleService.asmx/EchoString HTTP/1.1 Host: localhost:1489 User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml Content-Type: application/json; Content-Length: 27 ... { "Age":37, "FirstName":"Eyal", "ID":"123", "LastName":"Vardi“ } Headers Data Verb URL <Envelope> <Header> <!–- Headers --> <!-- Protocol's & Polices --> </Header> <Body> <!– XML Data --> </Body> </Envelope>
- 11. SOAP REST OData JSON POX ??
- 13. Embrace HTTP
- 17. “An architectural style for building distributed hypermedia systems.”
- 18. WSDL description of a web services types defined in <xsd:schema> simple messages parts of messages interface specification operations of an interface input message output message binding of interface to protocols & encoding description of the binding for each operation service description URI and binding to port <definitions> <types></types> <message> <part></part> </message> <portType> <operation> <input> <output> </operation> </portType> <binding> <operation> </binding> <service> <port> </service> </definitions>
- 19. ASP.NET MVC 4 and the Web API: Building a REST Service from Start to Finish book
- 20. ASP.NET MVC 4 and the Web API: Building a REST Service from Start to Finish book
- 21. ASP.NET MVC 4 and the Web API: Building a REST Service from Start to Finish book
- 22. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <Tasks> <TaskInfo Id="1234" Status="Active" > <link rel="self" href="/api/tasks/1234" method="GET" /> <link rel="users" href="/api/tasks/1234/users" method="GET" /> <link rel="history" href="/api/tasks/1234/history" method="GET" /> <link rel="complete" href="/api/tasks/1234" method="DELETE" /> <link rel="update" href="/api/tasks/1234" method="PUT" /> </TaskInfo> <TaskInfo Id="0987" Status="Completed" > <link rel="self" href="/api/tasks/0987" method="GET" /> <link rel="users" href="/api/tasks/0987/users" method="GET" /> <link rel="history" href="/api/tasks/0987/history" method="GET" /> <link rel="reopen" href="/api/tasks/0987" method="PUT" /> </TaskInfo> </Tasks> /api/tasks
- 23. ASP.NET MVC 4 and the Web API: Building a REST Service from Start to Finish book
- 30. ASP.NET and Web Tools 2012.2 Update Adding a simple Test Client to ASP.NET Web API Help Page
- 33. Serialization Validation DeserializationResponse Controller / Action Request HTTP/1.1 200 OK Content-Length: 95267 Content-Type: text/html | application/json Accept: text/html, application/xhtml+xml, application/xml
- 35. var json = GlobalConfiguration.Configuration.Formatters.JsonFormatter; json.UseDataContractJsonSerializer = true;
- 36. "opt-out" approach "opt-in" approach public class Product { public string Name { get; set; } public decimal Price { get; set; } [JsonIgnore] public int ProductCode { get; set; } } [DataContract] public class Product { [DataMember] public string Name { get; set; } [DataMember] public decimal Price { get; set; } // omitted by default public int ProductCode { get; set; } }
- 37. public object Get() { return new { Name = "Alice", Age = 23, Pets = new List<string> { "Fido", "Polly", "Spot" } }; } public void Post(JObject person) { string name = person["Name"].ToString(); int age = person["Age"].ToObject<int>(); }
- 38. var xml = GlobalConfiguration.Configuration.Formatters.XmlFormatter; xml.UseXmlSerializer = true; The XmlSerializer class supports a narrower set of types than DataContractSerializer, but gives more control over the resulting XML. Consider using XmlSerializer if you need to match an existing XML schema.
- 41. “the process of selecting the best representation for a given response when there are multiple representations available.”
- 42. public HttpResponseMessage GetProduct(int id) { var product = new Product() { Id = id, Name = "Gizmo", Price = 1.99M }; IContentNegotiator negotiator = this.Configuration .Services.GetContentNegotiator(); ContentNegotiationResult result = negotiator.Negotiate( typeof(Product), this.Request, this.Configuration.Formatters); if (result == null) { var response = new HttpResponseMessage(HttpStatusCode.NotAcceptable); throw new HttpResponseException(response)); } return new HttpResponseMessage() { Content = new ObjectContent<Product>( product, // What we are serializing result.Formatter, // The media formatter result.MediaType.MediaType // The MIME type ) }; }
- 44. public class ProductMD { [StringLength(50), Required] public string Name { get; set; } [Range(0, 9999)] public int Weight { get; set; } }
- 45. [Required] [Exclude] [DataType] [Range] [MetadataTypeAttribute( typeof( Employee.EmployeeMetadata ) )] public partial class Employee internal sealed class EmployeeMetadata [StringLength(60)] [RoundtripOriginal] public string AddressLine { get; set; } } } [StringLength(60)] [RegularExpression] [AllowHtml] [Compare]
- 46. public class ProductsController : ApiController { public HttpResponseMessage Post(Product product) { if ( ModelState.IsValid ) { // Do something with the product (not shown). return new HttpResponseMessage(HttpStatusCode.OK); } else { return new HttpResponseMessage(HttpStatusCode.BadRequest); } } }
- 47. public class ModelValidationFilterAttribute : ActionFilterAttribute { public override void OnActionExecuting(HttpActionContext actionContext) { if (actionContext.ModelState.IsValid == false) { // Return the validation errors in the response body. var errors = new Dictionary<string, IEnumerable<string>>(); foreach ( var keyValue in actionContext.ModelState ) { errors[keyValue.Key] = keyValue.Value.Errors.Select(e => e.ErrorMessage); } actionContext.Response = actionContext .Request .CreateResponse(HttpStatusCode.BadRequest, errors); } } }
- 48. public class ModelValidationFilterAttribute : ActionFilterAttribute { public override void OnActionExecuting(HttpActionContext actionContext) { if (actionContext.ModelState.IsValid == false) { // Return the validation errors in the response body. var errors = new Dictionary<string, IEnumerable<string>>(); foreach ( var keyValue in actionContext.ModelState ) { errors[keyValue.Key] = keyValue.Value.Errors.Select(e => e.ErrorMessage); } actionContext.Response = actionContext .Request .CreateResponse(HttpStatusCode.BadRequest, errors); } } } protected void Application_Start() { // ... GlobalConfiguration .Configuration .Filters.Add(new ModelValidationFilterAttribute()); }
- 52. var config = new HttpSelfHostConfiguration("http://localhost:8080"); config.Routes.MapHttpRoute( "API Default", "api/{controller}/{id}", new { id = RouteParameter.Optional }); using (HttpSelfHostServer server = new HttpSelfHostServer(config)) { server.OpenAsync().Wait(); Console.ReadLine(); }
- 56. http://www.asp.net/web-api/ Why I’m giving REST a rest Building Hypermedia Web APIs with ASP.NET Web API