The future of ip addressing
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The document discusses the future of IP addressing and the transition to IPv6. It notes that the global pool of IPv4 addresses has run out, while IPv6 will provide enough addresses to support continued growth of the Internet. It proposes a system of digital resource certificates to improve routing security as IPv4 addresses become more scarce and potentially traded. The system is gaining early adoption from Internet organizations and will help ensure a robust and secure Internet during the transition period to IPv6.
The future of ip addressing
- 1. The Future of IP Addressing Enabling the Long-Term Growth and Security of the Internet Alex Band – Product Manager
- 2. The RIPE NCC, a Regional Internet Registry • Supports the infrastructure of the Internet – Since 1992 • Not-for-profit organisation – Around 7500 members • The authority on who is the registered holder of an Internet Number Resource in our region – IPv4 and IPv6 Address Blocks – Autonomous System Numbers The Future of IP Addressing, 23 June 2011 2
- 3. The RIPE NCC – One of Five RIRs The Future of IP Addressing, 23 June 2011 3
- 4. IP Addresses • The telephone numbers of the Internet • IPv4: the standard addressing format since 1981 • Allows for 4.3 billion unique addresses – Seemed like a limitless supply at the time But then the Internet became a commercial success... The Future of IP Addressing, 23 June 2011 4
- 5. Allocation of IPv4 Addresses Global Available IPv4 Address Pool 40% 32% 24% 16% 8% 0% 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 The Future of IP Addressing, 23 June 2011 5
- 6. Depletion of IPv4 Address Pool • Global pool ran out on 31 January 2011 • Asia Pacific region ran out on 14 April 2011 – Caused by emerging markets like China and India – Drip feeding with the remaining addresses • Other regions will run out soon The Future of IP Addressing, 23 June 2011 6
- 7. Reaching the Next Billion • Around 2 billion Internet users now – 480% growth since the year 2000 – around 30% of all people • Mobile phones are becoming Internet devices – in 2010, 22% of all mobile handsets was a smartphone • “The Internet of Things” – Smartphones and tablets now, what’s next? The Future of IP Addressing, 23 June 2011 7
- 8. Wait and See? 8
- 9. The Only Answer: IPv6 • A standard since 1996 • Approximately 340 undecillion or 3.4×1038 unique addresses – Should last us a lifetime... ‘Small’ detail: Not backwards compatible with IPv4 The Future of IP Addressing, 23 June 2011 9
- 10. The Only Answer: IPv6 • You don’t just need bandwidth for growth, you need addresses too! • Squeezing more life out of IPv4 does not scale – Voice and peer-to-peer hit the hardest • Only IPv6 allows continued IP networking growth What do you want the Internet to be like in 5 years? The Future of IP Addressing, 23 June 2011 10
- 11. IPv6 Adoption Today – Total Membership Basic 13% Moderate 5% No IPv6 57% High 10% Advanced 15% http://ripeness.ripe.net The Future of IP Addressing, 23 June 2011 11
- 12. World IPv6 Day • More than 400 participants, including – the largest destinations on the Internet – content distribution networks – Internet service and infrastructure providers The Future of IP Addressing, 23 June 2011 12
- 13. Run both protocols Text while you can
- 14. The Effects of Depletion: Trading • An IPv4 address is now a scarce good – This affects the value, and could spur on trading The Future of IP Addressing, 23 June 2011 14
- 15. The Effects of Depletion: Stealing • Internet routing is non-hierarchical, open and free • Freedom comes at a price: – You can announce any address block on your router – Accidental errors happen frequently, impact is high – Entire networks become unavailable – Malicious attacks are relatively easy – Mitigation requires intervention from operators The Future of IP Addressing, 23 June 2011 15
- 16. The Solution: Resource Certificates • Issue digital certificates along with the allocation of Internet Resources • Main purposes: – Make Internet routing more secure – Make the Registry more robust – Support trading of resources • Validation is the added value The Future of IP Addressing, 23 June 2011 16
- 17. The System certificate authority The Future of IP Addressing, 23 June 2011 17
- 18. Our Mission • Quality – Reliability and security of the platform are key – Received highest possible rating in independent audit • Usability – 1-Click set-up of Certificate Authority – Easy drag and drop management – All crypto operations handled by the system The Future of IP Addressing, 23 June 2011 18
- 19. Management • RIPE NCC Hosted Platform – WebUI to manage ‘Route Origin Authorisations’ (ROAs) “I authorise this network to originate these IP address blocks” –A valid ROA can only be created by the legitimate holder of the IP address block The Future of IP Addressing, 23 June 2011 19
- 20. Validation, Hardware Router Support • Based on open standards – Scheduled on Cisco roadmap for Q4, 2011 – Juniper actively pursuing support as well • RIPE NCC is actively working with Cisco to provide comprehensive open source toolset The Future of IP Addressing, 23 June 2011 20
- 21. Adoption of Resource Certification Number of participating RIPE NCC members 500 400 300 200 100 0 January February March April May The Future of IP Addressing, 23 June 2011 21
- 22. Adoption of Resource Certification The Future of IP Addressing, 23 June 2011 22
- 23. The Future of IP Addressing • IPv4 will no longer allow Internet growth • IPv6 is the only long term answer • The depletion of the IPv4 address pool – affects routing security, which Certification addresses – will spur on IPv4 resource trading (for a limited time) Keep the Internet robust and secure through self-regulation! The Future of IP Addressing, 23 June 2011 23
- 24. Information and Announcements http://www.ipv6actnow.org http://ripe.net/certification The Future of IP Addressing, 23 June 2011 24
- 25. Questions?
- 26. Talk to us! Alex Band alexb@ripe.net alexander_band linkedin.com/in/alexanderband Andrew de la Haye andrew@ripe.net http://nl.linkedin.com/pub/andrew-de-la-haye/0/218/903 The Future of IP Addressing, 23 June 2011 26