The gandhian age
- 1. The Gandhian Age Radiant Shema school team
- 2. Content • Main events: • Non Co-operation Movement • Civil Disobedience Movement • Quit India Movement • Partition of India • Important characters • Gandhiji • Subash Chandra Bose • Jawaharlal Nehru • Dr B.R. Ambedkar • Mohammed Ali Jinnah
- 3. INTRODUCTION……. The phase of freedom struggle from 1920 to 1947 is referred to as Gandhian Age. This movement started with the entry of Gandhiji. In order to fulfil its demands, the congress restored to Non-Cooperation and Civil Disobedience Movements. It also suggested positive programmes for the upliftment of the society. The congress made open for every one and it became the common mans’s organization.
- 5. Non Co-operation Movement…. • Gandhiji gave the call for the Non-Cooperation Movement against the British in 1920. • Students supported his call by abstaining from schools and colleges. • Lawyers stayed away from courts. • Motilal Nehru and C R Das sacrificed their law carriers. • In Chauri Chaura incident thousands of people jumped into freedom struggle in U P. • 22 police men were burnt alive. • Gandhiji resented the violent incident and withdrew the Non-Cooperation Movement.
- 7. Civil Disobedience Movement… • Gandhi submitted a charter of demands to the Viceroy Irwin. • Irwin did not consider Gandhiji’s demands. • Gandhiji with his followers marched to Dandi and produced salt in violation of the law. • Thousands of people who participated in the movement were arrested. • The agitation spread to many parts of the country.
- 9. Quit India Movement…. • It was started in 8 August 1942. • Gandhiji called upon the Indians to ‘Do or Die’. • The government imprisoned Gandhiji and other leaders. • Since most of the congress leaders were in jail, new organization came into the lime light. • This movement paved the way for the emergence of new leaders. • Jayaprakash Narayan assumed the leadership of the movement. • He urged the people to participate in freedom struggle. • He collected funds and gave proper direction to the movement.
- 11. Partition of India….. • Mohammed Ali Jinnah was responsible for the partition of India. • As the days of the declaration of freedom for India neared he intensified his demand for Pakistan. • In 1940 the Muslim League at its Lahore Session demanded separate nation for the Muslims. • Jinnah called for Direct Action Day on August 16, 1946 persuing for the formation of a separate nation. • He was successful in partitioning the country at the time of Independence.
- 13. Gandhiji
- 14. Mahatma Gandhiji • M K Gandhiji entered the freedom movement in 1920. • Gandhiji launched Non-Cooperation Movement in 1921. • He belived in non-violence passive resistance called Satyagraha. • Gandhiji led the Civil Disobedience Movement in 1930. • In 1931 Gandhiji signed pact with Irwin. • Gandhiji launched Quit India Movement to send back British to their country.
- 16. Subash Chandra Bose • Subash Chandra Bose was popularly known as Nethaji. • He travelled to Vienna, Berlin, Rome, Isthanbul and other countries and inspired the Indians there to support their mother land. • In 1934 he established the congress socialist party with Jawaharlal Nehru. • Bose left the congress party and established a separate party called Forward Bloc. • He escaped to Germany and gained the support of Hitler. • He joined hands with Ras Bihari Bose. • Subash Chandra Bose planned a military strategy through Rangoon to capture Delhi. • Unfortunately Bose died in plane accident during the war.
- 17. Jawaharlal Nehru
- 18. Jawaharlal Nehru • Jawaharlal Nehru was the architect of industrialization and modern India. • He laid the foundation of Indian democracy by reorganizing all the states on the linguistic bases. • He adopted five year plan. • He was the President for Lahore Session of 1929(the objective of Poorna Swaraj was declared during this session). • He was also the architect of Indian Foreign Policy. • He advocated the policy of Non-Alignment. • He became the first Prime Minister for independent India.
- 19. Dr B R Ambedkar
- 20. Dr. B R Ambedkar • He strongly belived that the political independence was meaningless without social independence. • He fought for the upliftment of untouchables. • He attended the three round tables conferences held in London and gave valuable suggestions. • He demanded separate electoral constituencies for untouchables. • He also worked towards the progress of agricultural laborers. • He became the first Law Minister of independent India. • He was awarded the Bharat Ratna for his contributions.
- 22. Mohammed Ali Jinnah • Mohammed Ali Jinnah joined the Indian National Congress in 1906. • Later he joined the Home Rule Movement. • In 1937 when the Congress and the Muslim League failed to form the government after the elections he changed his strategy. • He demanded for separate country called Pakistan. • He was successful in partitioning the country at the time of independence.
- 24. • He was the first Home Minister of India. • He was responsible for integrating the 562 princely states to India. • For successfully integrating the provinces into Indian Union, he was called the ‘Iron Man of India’. Sardar Vallabhai Patel
- 26. •He was the first President of independent India(12 years from 1950-1962) •He was the chairman of constitutional assembly. •He was leader of Bihar during independent struggle. •He was President of Indian National Congress from 1934- 35. •He was awarded Bharat Ratna. Babu Rajendra Prasad