The Hip Biomechanics SRS
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The document discusses the biomechanics of the hip complex, including its articulations, angles, ligaments, musculature, and kinematics. Key points include descriptions of the proximal and distal articular surfaces, angles of inclination and torsion, capsular ligaments, weight bearing structures, and osteokinematics of the femur and pelvis during motions like flexion, extension, abduction, and rotation. Gait and stance mechanics are analyzed, such as bilateral stance, unilateral stance, and trunk listing with calculations of joint torques and forces.
The Hip Biomechanics SRS
- 1. THE HIP COMPLEX BIOMECHANICS Sreeraj S R
- 2. Articulations of the Hip and Pelvis Sreeraj S R
- 3. PROXIMAL ARTICULAR SURFACE • Faces laterally • Faces anteriorly – 18.5o males – 21.5o women • Faces inferiorly – 22o - 42o range – 38o in males – 35o in females Sreeraj S R
- 4. Proximal articular surface… • Center Edge angle • Acetabular Anteversion • Acetabular Labrum Sreeraj S R
- 5. DISTAL ARTICULAR SURFACE Sreeraj S R
- 6. ANGLE OF INCLINATION Sreeraj S R
- 7. ANGLE OF TORSION Sreeraj S R
- 8. Angle of torsion…..abnormal • Anteversion • Retroversion Sreeraj S R
- 9. ARTICULAR CONGRUENCE Sreeraj S R
- 10. CAPSULE Sreeraj S R
- 11. LIGAMENTS Sreeraj S R
- 12. WEIGHT BEARING STRUCTURE Sreeraj S R
- 13. ARTHROKINEMATICS Sreeraj S R
- 14. OSTEOKINEMATICS Sagittal plane motions of the femur at the hip joint • Flexion: 90o-135o • Extension: 0o-30o • Role of 2 joint muscles? Sreeraj S R
- 15. OSTEOKINEMATICS Frontal plane motions of the femur at the hip joint • Abduction: 30o-50o • Adduction: 10o-30o • Role of 2 joint muscles? Sreeraj S R
- 16. OSTEOKINEMATICS Frontal plane motions of the femur at the hip joint • IR (extension*) : 35o-45o • IR (flexion**) : 30o-45o • ER (extension*) : 45o-50o • ER (flexion**) : 45o-60o *Extension = Neutral –Terminal **Flexion = 900 Sreeraj S R
- 17. OSTEOKINEMATICS motions of the femur at the hip joint during functional activities Sreeraj S R
- 18. OSTEOKINEMATICS Sagittal plane Motions of the Pelvis at the Hip Joint Sreeraj S R
- 19. OSTEOKINEMATICS Frontal plane Motions of the Pelvis at the Hip Joint Sreeraj S R
- 20. OSTEOKINEMATICS Transverse Plane Motions of the Pelvis at the Hip Joint Sreeraj S R
- 21. Open Kinematic Chain Motions: Lumbo Pelvic Rhythm Sreeraj S R
- 22. Closed Kinematic Chain Motions Sreeraj S R
- 23. MUSCULATURE Sreeraj S R
- 24. FLEXORS Sreeraj S R
- 25. ADDUCTORS Sreeraj S R
- 26. EXTENSORS Sreeraj S R
- 27. ABDUCTORS Sreeraj S R
- 28. LATERAL ROTATORS Sreeraj S R
- 29. MEDIAL ROTATORS Sreeraj S R
- 30. BILATERAL STANCE • DR & DL : joint axis • WR & WL : body weight • Magnitude of gravitational torque around hip is : WR X DR = WL X DL • Total hip joint Compression = 2/3 X body weight Sreeraj S R
- 31. Unilateral Stance • Rt. hip joint compression = 2/3 X W + 1/6 X W or 5/6 X W • Magnitude of gravitational adduction torque at Rt. hip i.e. HATLL torque add = Rt. hip jt. compression X 4” • Magnitude of muscle contraction or Torque abd or Fms = Magnitude of gravitational adduction torque at Rt. hip ÷ 2” • Total joint compression or joint reaction force = Magnitude of muscle contraction + Rt. hip joint compression Sreeraj S R
- 32. Ipsilateral Trunk List • Gravitational adduction torque i.e. HATLL Torque add = Rt. hip joint compression X 1 • The abduction force needed would be , Torque abd or Fms = HATLL Torque add ÷ 2” • Total joint compression or joint reaction force = Magnitude of muscle contraction + Rt. hip joint compression Sreeraj S R
- 33. Ipsilateral Cane • Inman et al suggested that a person can push down on a cane with 15% of his body weight.( body wt. X 0.15) • Magnitude of HATLL = hip jt. compression – body wt. X 0.15 • Torque add = Magnitude of HATLL X 4” • Torque abd = Torque add ÷ 2” • Total joint compression or joint reaction force = Magnitude of muscle contraction + Rt. hip joint compression Sreeraj S R
- 34. Contralateral Cane • Magnitude of HATLL = hip jt. Compression – body wt. X 0.15 • Torque add = Magnitude of HATLL X 4” • Counter torque by Latissimus dorsi : Torque Latissimus = body wt. thrugh cane X 8” • Unopposed adduction torque = Torque add – Torque Latissimus • Torque abd or Fms = Unopposed Torque add ÷ 2” • Total joint compression or joint reaction force = Magnitude of muscle contraction + hip joint compression Sreeraj S R