The document summarizes key information about Pythagoras and the Pythagorean theorem. It explains that Pythagoras lived in 500 BC and is credited with proving the Pythagorean theorem. While the Babylonians understood the relationship between right triangle sides 1000 years prior, Pythagoras is considered the first to provide a formal proof. The theorem states that the square of the hypotenuse is equal to the sum of the squares of the other two sides. Examples are provided to demonstrate how to apply the formula to solve for unknown side lengths of right triangles.