The two party system 9-1
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The Two-Party System Takes Shape in the early 1800s election. The election of 1800 was bitterly contested and resulted in a Constitutional flaw being exposed, with Jefferson and his running mate Burr receiving an equal number of electoral votes. This threw the election to the House of Representatives, who ultimately chose Jefferson as the third President. This event led to the passage of the 12th Amendment in 1804 to prevent another such occurrence. Jefferson's administration reduced the size and role of the federal government and established the Supreme Court's power of judicial review in the landmark Marbury v. Madison decision.
The two party system 9-1
- 1. The Two-Party System Takes Shape The Republicans Take Power Chapter 9, Section 1 U.S. History – Bridge to AP Mr. Veliz
- 2. The Party System Emerges The Election of 1800 – sometimes referred to as the “ Revolution of 1800” – ushered in a generation of power for the Democratic-Republicans . It was also the beginning of the end of the Federalist Party .
- 3. Election of 1800 Adams (Mass)/Pinckney (SC)/ Jay vs. Jefferson (VA)/Burr (NY) While candidates don’t campaign in person, the Election of 1800 is bitterly contested by the parties. Results bring to light a Constitutional flaw.
- 4. What do we do now? Popular Vote: Jefferson 61.4% Adams 38.6% Electoral Vote: Jefferson 73 Burr 73 Adams 65 Pinckney 64 Jay 1 Oh no! – How did that happen?
- 5. How did we get to 73-73? What was the Constitutional flaw that led to this problem? Electors vote for POTUS and VP separately The faithless elector problem? Jefferson 73 – Burr 73 12 th Amendment (1804) solves this problem
- 6. The Lame-Duck Congress Tie throws election to the House of Reps Lame-duck (?) House tries to give it to Burr Jefferson’s unlikely savior – Hamilton – Why? Jefferson was “by far not so dangerous a man” he would much rather have someone with wrong principles than someone devoid of any Jefferson is elected on the 36 th ballot
- 7. Jefferson’s Inaugural Adams skips town before Jefferson is sworn in Jefferson dressed in “everyday clothes” Symbolic of what? “ We are all Republicans, we are all Federalists” “ a wise and frugal government” Support for states’ rights Laissez-faire What is this?
- 8. Laissez-faire The theory or system of government that upholds the autonomous character of the economic order, believing that government should intervene as little as possible in the direction of economic affairs. " It is not from the benevolence of the butcher, the brewer, or the baker that we expect our dinner, but from their regard to their own interest. We address ourselves, not to their humanity but to their self-love, and never talk to them of our own necessities but of their advantages " ADAM SMITH
- 9. How will Jefferson govern? Belief in the power of property ownership pushes Jefferson to look west. Alien & Sedition expires, and Naturalization Act is repealed Reduce the size of the military Repealed all internal taxes!! All revenue would come from customs duties and western land sales
- 10. Jefferson and the Courts Judiciary Act of 1801 Act set-up regional courts The lame-duck strikes again – “midnight judges” Adams makes hundreds of appointments in the last days of Federalist control Federalist control of the Judiciary is the goal Jefferson responds by refusing to deliver the last remaining appointments. William Marbury, a low-level appointee, appeals to the Supreme Court
- 11. Marbury v. Madison Chief Justice John Marshall denies Marbury’s request to force Jefferson (Madison) to deliver his appointment But in his opinion, Marshall laid out the framework for judicial review Judiciary Act of 1801 is unconstitutional A landmark decision (?)
- 12. Marbury v. Madison Judicial Review The Constitution is the supreme law of the land Unconstitutionality The Judicial Branch’s responsibility to uphold the Constitution