Theory X & Theory Y
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The document discusses McGregor's Theory X and Theory Y, which describe two different leadership styles and assumptions about employee motivation. Theory X assumes employees dislike work and must be closely supervised, while Theory Y assumes employees can be self-motivated if given autonomy and responsibility. The document outlines the key assumptions and approaches of each theory, with Theory X taking a pessimistic view of employees and Theory Y believing employees will be productive if conditions allow them to perform at their best.
Theory X & Theory Y
- 1. Theory X &Theory X & TheoryTheory YY
- 2. IntroductionIntroduction DouglasMcGregor proposed two theoriesby which to view employeemotivation in 1960’s Thesetheoriesdescribetwo different leadership styles Theory X showsnegativeapproach and Y showspositive approach towardsfollowers McGregor felt that leadersfollow either oneor theother approach
- 3. Theory XTheory X Leadersassumefollowersarelazy and will avoid work if they can Manager believesthat everything must end in blaming someone They feel that employeesinterest in job ismoney Blamestheemployeeswithout questioning whether it may bethesystem, policy or lack of training that deservestheblame
- 4. Managerscan besaid to bean obstacle Managerstakeapessimistic view of their employees Believesthat employeesdo not want to work and it is thejob of manager to structurethework and strengthen theemployees Adopt aauthoritarian stylebased on threat of punishment
- 5. AssumptionsAssumptions Theory X assumesthat theaverageperson: dislikeswork and attemptsto avoid it hasno ambition wantsno responsibility would rather follow than lead isself centered and thereforedoesnot careabout organizational goals
- 6. resistschange isgullibleand not particularly intelligent worksonly for money and security Leadershaveto makeclosesupervision of subordinates Moredictatorial style
- 7. Theory YTheory Y Employeesareambitious, self-motivated, and anxiousto accept responsibility Exerciseself-control, self direction, autonomy and empowerment Employeesenjoy their work duties If given chanceemployeeshavethedesireto be creativeand forward thinking in work place
- 8. Chanceof greater productivity by giving the freedom to perform best of abilities Believesthat if right conditionsto work aregiven peoplewill do well Believethat satisfaction of doing agood job isa strong motivation
- 9. AssumptionsAssumptions Makesthefollowing general assumptions: Work can beasnatural asplay and rest. Peoplewill beself directed to meet their work objectivesif they arecommitted to them. Peoplewill becommitted to their objectives if rewardsarein placethat addresshigher needs such asself fulfillment.
- 10. Peoplewill seek responsibility. Most peoplecan handleresponsibility because creativity and ingenuity arecommon in the population. Thereisan opportunity to align personal goals with organizational goals