Thermoregulation in different higher animals- Part 1
- 1. An organism that relies on heat sources for is ectotherm. Fish are good examples of non-regulators and so their body temperature is as the surrounding. Some ectotherms e.g., lizards and snakes, during warm days, may achieve a closely regulated body temperature. These animals exploit the external heat by changes. They are vulnerable to mammals and bird predators during cold times. Therefore, less reptiles are found in habitats where mammals have mastered. An animal that relies on heat energy generated by is endotherm. They require more foods than an ectotherm of size. Respiration with other pathways generate heat as a . From the site of production this heat reaches the rest of the body through the vessels. The bulk of the body heat comes from heart, kidney, brain and lungs. Liver a little heat as it requires heat being most active metabolically. In a resting body some energy will come from skin, muscle and skeleton. Depending on the surrounding temperature endotherm heat loss or changes metabolic rate. Heat loss is controlled mainly by skin and changinging metabolic rate is guided by hormones. Body temperature can also be controlled by changes in behavior. Increasing muscle tone the production of heat. Shivering (uncontrolled contraction) can raise muscle heat production in cold conditions. Panting in some mammals (dogs) helps to expel heat through mouth as they have fur which prevent effective . Other ways of behavior to regulate body temperature are ● Moving to a hotter or colder place ● Huddling together with other individuals ● Becoming vigorously active ● Adjusting the type of clothing in humans The amount of heat loss through the skin can be be varied to control body temperature as following ways: 1. At capillary networks: vasodilation when the body needs to heat and vasoconstriction if you need to heat. 2. By the hair erector muscle: contract for raising hair to a thick layer of insulating air, but relax to more heat. 3. By the sweat glands: produce sweat to lose significant amount of . At the the base of dermis in the skin is adipose tissue, of containing large fat stores. This tissue has limited blood supply and is a conductor of heat. so , it insulates internal organs against heat loss in terrestrial and aquatic mammals. Authored to Shahidullah 4:16 AM, Aug 3, 2017 Authored to Shahidullah 4:17 AM, Aug 3, 2017 Authored to Shahidullah 4:17 AM, Aug 3, 2017 Authored to Shahidullah 4:17 AM, Aug 3, 2017 Authored to Shahidullah 4:17 AM, Aug 3, 2017