TIBIA n
- 1. TIBIA
- 2. BONY FEATURES: • SIDE DETERMINATION • FEATURES: • UPPER END • SHAFT • LOWER END
- 3. UPPER END • MEDIAL CONDYLE • LATERAL CONDYLE • INTERCONDYLAR AREA • TIBIAL TUBEROSITY
- 4. SHAFT • BORDERS: 1. ANTERIOR BORDER: • EXTENDS FROM TIBIAL TUBEROSITY (ABOVE) TO ANTERIOR BORDER OF MEDIAL MALLEOLUS (BELOW) • IT IS SUBCUTANEOUS • FORMS THE SHIN 2. MEDIAL BORDER: • EXTENDS FROM MEDIAL CONDYLE (ABOVE) TO POSTERIOR BORDER OF MEDIAL MALLEOLUS (BELOW) • IT IS ROUNDED 3. INTEROSSEUS / LATERAL BORDER: • IT EXTENDS FROM LATERAL CONDYLE, A LITTLE BELOW AND IN FRONT OF FIBULAR FACET, TO THE ANTERIOR BORDER OF FIBULAR NOTCH
- 6. • SURFACES: 1. LATERAL: • LIES B/W ANTERIOR & INTEROSSEUS BORDERS • UPPER 3/4TH ->CONCAVE & DIRECTED LATERALLY • LOWER 1/4TH -> DIRECTED FORWARDS 2. MEDIAL: • LIES B/W ANTERIOR & MEDIAL BORDERS • IT IS BROAD & MOST OF IT IS SUBCUTANEOUS 3. POSTERIOR: • LIES B/W MEDIAL & INTEROSSEUS BORDERS • IT IS WIDEST AT ITS UPPER PART -> CROSSED OBLIQUELY BY A ROUGH RIDGE CALLED SOLEAL LINE • SOLEAL LINE: • IT BEGINS JUST BEHIND THE FIBULAR FACET, RUNS DOWNWARD & MEDIALLY, AND TERMINATES BY JOINING THE MEDIAL BORDER AT THE JUNCTION OF ITS UPPER & MIDDLE THIRDS • ABOVE THE SOLEAL LINE, THE POSTERIOR SURFACE IS IN THE FORM OF A TRIANGULAR AREA. • THE AREA BELOW THE SOLEAL LINE IS ELONGATED -> DIVIDED INTO MEDIAL & LATERAL PARTS BY A VERTICAL RIDGE
- 7. LOWER END • IT IS SLIGHTLY EXPANDED • MEDIALLY, IT IS PROLONGED DOWNWARDS AS THE MEDIAL MALLEOLUS • IT HAS 5 SURFACES: 1. ANTERIOR SURFACE: • HAS AN UPPER SMOOTH PART & A LOWER ROUGH AND GROOVED PART 2. MEDIAL SURFACE: • IT IS SUBCUTANEOUS • IT IS CONTINOUS WITH THE MEDIAL SURFACE OF MEDIAL MALLEOLUS 3. LATERAL ASPECT: • IT PRESENTS A TRIANGULAR FIBULAR NOTCH TO WHICH THE LOWER END OF FIBULA IS ATTACHED • THE UPPER PART OF THE NOTCH IS ROUGH • THE LOWER PART IS SMOOTH AND MAY BE COVERED BY HYALINE CARTILAGE 4. INFERIOR SURFACE: • IT IS ARTICULAR -> ARTICULATES WITH SUPERIOR TROCHLEAR SURFACE OF TALUS TO FORM THE ANKLE JOINT 5. MEDIAL ARTICULAR SURFACE OF MEDIAL MALLEOLUS:
- 8. MUSCLE ATTACHMENTS ON UPPER END: 1. MEDIAL CONDYLE: • SEMIMEMBRANOSUS • CAPSULAR LIGAMENT OF KNEE JOINT 2. LATERAL CONDYLE: • ILIOTIBIAL TRACT • CAPSULAR LIGAMENT OF SUPERIOR TIBIOLOFIBULAR LIGAMENT • EXTENSOR DIGITORUM LONGUS • PERONEUS LONGUS 3. INTERCONDYLAR AREA: • ANTERIOR HORN OF MEDIAL MENISCUS • ANTERIOR CRUCIATE LIGAMENT • ANTERIOR HORN OF LATERAL MENISCUS • POSTERIOR HORN OF LATERAL MENISCUS • POSTERIOR HORN OF MEDIAL MENISCUS • POSTERIOR CRUCIATE LIGAMENT • LIGAMENTUM PATELLAE
- 10. MUSCLE ATTACHMENTS ON SHAFT: • TIBIALIS ANTERIOR • SARTORIUS • GRACILIS • SEMITENDINOSUS • SOLEUS • POLITEUS • FLEXOR DIGITORUM LONGUS • TIBIALIS POSTERIOR • DEEP FASCIA OF THE LEG • SUPERIOR EXTENSOR RETINACULUM • INTEROSSEOUS MEMBRANE • INTEROSSEOUS TIBIOFIBULAR LIGAMENT • CAPSULAR LIGAMENT OF ANKLE JOINT • DELTOID LIGAMENT OF ANKLE JOINT