Tidal Power
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Tidal power utilizes the kinetic and potential energy of tides to generate electricity through tidal barrages and tidal lagoons. Tidal barrages are dams built across estuaries to capture the energy of tides, while tidal lagoons enclose an area of sea with an embankment to harness tidal flows. The Severn Estuary in the UK has potential for a large tidal barrage with an estimated capacity of 8,640 MW. Tidal lagoons have lower environmental impacts than barrages and the proposed Swansea Bay tidal lagoon in Wales was found to be economically viable at a cost of 3.4p per kWh of electricity generated. However, tidal power projects face political barriers
![Political Barriers House of Commons Hansard Debate, 23 rd March 2006 Adam Price (Carmarthen, East and Dinefwr) : “The Carbon Trust has estimated that up to 20% of the UK's energy needs could come from marine energy sources. Can the Secretary of State explain why so many tidal power projects have been rejected by the Department, and in particular the Swansea bay tidal lagoon project, which the Department has condemned out of hand as prohibitively expensive?” Alan Johnson (DTI): “ I do not accept that we have not supported wind and tidal power. There has been a focus on wind…. “ [...] I do not accept the criticism that the honourable Gentleman makes, but I do accept his point that wind and tidal power is a crucial aspect of our energy future.”](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/cdocumentsandsettingsgregmydocumentspowerpointtidallagoonpresentationtidalpowerpresentation-100218141843-phpapp01/85/Tidal-Power-20-320.jpg)
Tidal Power
- 2. Tidal Power Tidal Barrages Tidal Lagoons
- 3. Tidal Power Tidal Barrages Tidal Lagoons
- 4. Kinetic and potential energy Takes the form of electricity Very new technology Can’t control when power is generated because it is controlled by the tides Tidal Barrage
- 5. Resource Potential Severn Barrage: Proposed installed capacity of 8640MW Total UK potential is estimated at 2% of electricity requirements World: estimated total potential is 34,247MW
- 6. Site Specific Tidal range Numerous potential sites around the world
- 8. Environmental Issues Negative Environmental Impacts: Fish Passing through turbines Annapolis Royal Alternative passage technologies proposed Pollution, Sediment, & the Ecosystem During the building process
- 9. Environmental Issues Positive Environmental Impact: Decreased carbon emissions
- 10. Barriers Political No returns for decades Time until completion Institutional Shipping interests RSPB Friends of the Earth
- 11. Cost Severn Barrage £10-15 billion at current prices At November 1991 prices, electricity would cost about 6p per kWh
- 12. Tidal Lagoon Rubble mound impoundment structure “ Looks like a rocky island”
- 13. Tidal Lagoon ~50% Conventional power station 60% Multi-pool lagoon 48% Single-pool lagoon 28% Barrage Load factor Structure
- 14. Swansea Bay 60 MW single-pool tidal lagoon 5 km 2 area 24 x 2.5 MW low-head Kaplan turbines “ Technically feasible, environmentally plausible, and economically viable” Atkins Consultants Ltd. 2004
- 15. Swansea Bay UK Resource Potential
- 16. UK Resource ~ 6 GW World Resource ~ 120 GW UK Resource Potential UK Resource Potential
- 17. Economics Capital costs: £79 million £1.32 m per MW installed capacity Cost of electricity: 3.4p per kWh for Swansea Bay 2.0-2.5p per kWh for larger lagoons Sequential finance Lower investor risk
- 18. Environmental Impacts Sterilise sea floor Prevent coastal erosion Change sedimentation patterns Create new habitats Negative Positive
- 19. Media Coverage
- 20. Political Barriers House of Commons Hansard Debate, 23 rd March 2006 Adam Price (Carmarthen, East and Dinefwr) : “The Carbon Trust has estimated that up to 20% of the UK's energy needs could come from marine energy sources. Can the Secretary of State explain why so many tidal power projects have been rejected by the Department, and in particular the Swansea bay tidal lagoon project, which the Department has condemned out of hand as prohibitively expensive?” Alan Johnson (DTI): “ I do not accept that we have not supported wind and tidal power. There has been a focus on wind…. “ [...] I do not accept the criticism that the honourable Gentleman makes, but I do accept his point that wind and tidal power is a crucial aspect of our energy future.”
Editor's Notes
- #3: Two types of technology
- #4: The tide can be thought of as a large wave possessing both gravitational potential and kinetic energy
- #8: Map from Tidal Power by Baker
- #13: The alternative: tidal lagoons Invented by Peter Ullman of Tidal Electric
- #14: The alternative: tidal lagoons
- #15: The alternative: tidal lagoons
- #16: The alternative: tidal lagoons
- #17: The alternative: tidal lagoons
- #18: The alternative: tidal lagoons Invented by Peter Ullman of Tidal Electric in 1995
- #19: The alternative: tidal lagoons Invented by Peter Ullman of Tidal Electric
- #20: The alternative: tidal lagoons Invented by Peter Ullman of Tidal Electric
- #21: The alternative: tidal lagoons Invented by Peter Ullman of Tidal Electric
- #22: The alternative: tidal lagoons Invented by Peter Ullman of Tidal Electric