Tongue_and_Palate_Formation.pptx read it
- 1. Tongue and Palate Formation in Human Embryology Developmental Origins, Mechanisms, and Clinical Correlates
- 2. Overview • - Introduction to embryological development of the oral cavity • - Developmental timelines for tongue and palate • - Embryonic origins and key processes • - Clinical significance: Cleft palate, ankyloglossia • - Summary and Q&A
- 3. Timeline of Development • - Tongue: • • Begins forming at 4th week of gestation • • Major development through 8th week • - Palate: • • Primary palate: starts at 6th week • • Secondary palate: fuses by 12th week
- 4. Development of the Tongue • - Origin: Pharyngeal (Branchial) Arches • • Anterior 2/3: 1st arch (lateral lingual swellings) • • Posterior 1/3: 3rd and part of 4th arches • - Median swelling = tuberculum impar • - Muscles: from occipital somites
- 5. Tongue Innervation • - Anterior 2/3: • • Sensory: CN V3 (lingual nerve) • • Taste: CN VII (chorda tympani) • - Posterior 1/3: • • Sensory & taste: CN IX • - Root: CN X (vagus) • - Motor: CN XII (hypoglossal)
- 6. Development of the Palate • - Primary Palate: • • From intermaxillary segment (medial nasal processes) • • Forms upper lip, philtrum, anterior hard palate • - Secondary Palate: • • From palatine shelves (maxillary prominences) • • Fuses by week 12
- 7. Fusion of the Palate • - Fusion includes: • • Right and left palatal shelves • • Nasal septum (superiorly) • • Primary palate (anteriorly) • - Failure leads to cleft lip/palate
- 8. Clinical Correlates • - Cleft palate/lip: • • Fusion failure, genetic + environmental • - Ankyloglossia: • • Short/thick frenulum • - Macroglossia/Microglossia: • • Syndromic abnormalities
- 9. Summary • - Tongue and palate from pharyngeal arches & facial prominences • - Critical development: weeks 4–12 • - Fusion necessary for normal oral anatomy • - Disruptions → common congenital anomalies
- 10. References • - Moore, K.L. et al., The Developing Human • - Sadler, T.W., Langman’s Medical Embryology • - Journal articles and reviews