Top 20 certified ethical hacker interview questions and answer

Description
The technique of discovering vulnerabilities in a software, website, or
agency’s structure that a hacker might exploit is known as ethical
hacking. They employ this method to avoid cyberattacks and security
breaches by legitimately hacking into systems and looking for flaws. CEH
was designed to include a hands-on environment and a logical
procedure across each ethical hacking area and technique. This is to
provide you the opportunity to work towards proving the knowledge and
skills to earn the CEH certificate and perform the tasks of an ethical
hacker.
Certified Ethical Hackers can now be found working with some of the
greatest and wealthiest industries such as healthcare, education,
government, manufacturing, and many others. Due to the sheer
demand, CEH certified Ethical Hacker is a lucrative and rewarding career
choice currently and this potential is only going to increase in the future.
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A Cybersecurity Specialist aims to discover and exploit weaknesses in a
computer system during penetration testing. A simulated attack aims to
find any vulnerabilities in a system’s defenses that attackers could
exploit. Penetration testing involves Security Analysts attempting to
access resources without knowing usernames, passwords, or other
traditional methods of access. Only the authorization granted by the
organization divides hackers from security specialists.
Reconnaissance: It is the process of gathering information about the
target. It can be done in either a passive or active manner. During this
phase, you will discover more about the target business and how it
operates.
Scanning: This is an important stage of penetration testing. During this
step, scanning is performed to identify vulnerabilities in the network, as
well as software and operating systems utilized by devices. As a result of
this activity, the pen tester is familiar with services running, open ports,
firewall identification, weaknesses, software platforms, and so on.
Gaining access: During this stage, the Pen Tester begins carrying out the
attack by acquiring access to insecure devices and servers. This is made
possible by the application of tools.
As a Pen Tester gets access to a vulnerable system, he or she attempts
to retrieve as much data as possible while remaining covert.
Covering tracks: During this phase, the Pen Tester takes all required
efforts to conceal the intrusion and any controls that may have been left
behind for future interactions.
1. Explain Penetration testing and why is it important?
Penetration testing is divided into 5 phases:
2. What are the Network Penetration Phases?
Top 20 Certified Ethical Hacker Interview Q & A

Factors Linux Windows
Price Available for free Paid
Utilization Effort Difficult for beginners User-friendly
Reliability More reliable and secure Less reliable and secure
Hardware Initially, hardware compatibility
was a problem. However, the
bulk of physical appliances
now support Linux.
Windows has never had
a problem with
hardware compatibility.
Software Installation Both premium and free
software are available
for installation.
Both premium and free
software are available
for installation.
Support Online community support
is available to help with any
problem
Microsoft support is
available online, and there
are numerous publications
available to help you
diagnose any problem
Security Operating System that
is extremely safe
Because inexperienced
users utilize this OS it is
vulnerable to attackers
Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) attacks are a sort of injection in which harmful
tools are injected into trustworthy websites. When an attacker uses an
online application to deliver the malicious script, usually in the form of a
browser-side script, to a different user, XSS assault occurs.
3. What is XSS, also known as Cross-Site Scripting?
4. What are the beneﬁts and drawbacks of Linux
and Windows?

Diffie–Hellman key exchange (DH), one of the original public-key
protocols, securely exchanges cryptographic keys over a public channel.
This protocol is commonly found in protocols such as IPSec and SSL/TLS.
Receiving and sending devices in a network uses this protocol to
generate a secret shared key that may be used to encrypt data.
5. With the Difﬁe-Hellman key exchange, what type
of penetration is possible?
Packet sniffing collects network traffic and sees traffic on a complete
network or only a specific part of it. Here is the list of top packet Sniffing
tools:
• Auvik
• SolarWinds Network Packet Sniffer
• Wireshark
• Paessler PRTG
• ManageEngine NetFlow Analyzer
• Tcpdump
• Windump
• NetworkMiner
• Colasoft Capsa
• Telerik Fiddler
• kismet
6. What kinds of tools are available for packet
snifﬁng?

Intrusion detection protects IT infrastructure from cyber attacks.
It detects security breaches from the outside as well as inside a network.
Intrusion detection is responsible for a wide range of tasks, including
traffic monitoring and analysis, detecting attack patterns, verifying the
integrity of data on servers, checking for policy violations, and so on.
7. What exactly is intrusion detection?
Here are some advantages to employing an Intrusion Detection System
(IDS):
9. List the advantages that an intrusion detection
system can bring.
Vulnerabilities in security are caused by a variety of circumstances.
Here are a few examples:
8. Make a list of the elements that can lead to
security ﬂaws.
• Weak passwords
• Input validation is not performed by the web application
• Sensitive information is stored in plain text
• The session ID does not modify it logging in
• Errors expose important infrastructure information
• The installed software has not been updated
• Assists in the detection of security issues and Denial of Service attacks
• Examine the traffic for unusual and abstract behavior
• Detect cross-site scripting, SQL injection, and other types of threats
• To protect vulnerable assets, provide temporary updates for known
vulnerabilities.

It is an attack in which a person adds untrusted data into the program,
resulting in the leakage of confidential database information.
10. Deﬁne SQL injection?
While data is transmitted from source to destination, the SSL/TLS layer
ensures confidentiality and integrity.
1. By typing the website address, the user initiates the connection. By
delivering a message to the website’s server, the browser establishes
SSL/TLS communication.
2. The public key or certificate is returned to the user’s browser by the
website’s server.
3. The browser of the user looks for a public key or a certificate. If
everything is in order, it generates a symmetric key and returns it to the
website’s server. The communication fails if the certificate is invalid.
4. When the website’s server receives the symmetric key, it delivers the
key and encrypts the required data.
5. The SSL/TLS handshake completes when the user’s browser decrypts
the material with a symmetric key. The user can now access the content
because the connection has been established.
11. How does SSL/TLS work?

There is no doubt that there is an infinite number of certifications
available in the Cybersecurity area. However, if a Pen Tester wants to
be acknowledged as the best in their area, the following certifications
are indeed:
• CEH (Certified Ethical Hacker) certification
• Offensive Cyber Security certification
• CompTIA Pen Test+ certification
• Different Security Testing certification
• FTP (port 20, 21)
• SSH (port 22)
• Telnet (port 23)
• SMTP (port 25)
• HTTP (port 80)
• NTP (port 123)
• HTTPS (port 443)
12. What certiﬁcations are most in-demand for
penetration testing?
For the port scan, you can use the Nmap tool. Following is a list of
frequent ports to concentrate on during penetration testing:
13. What are the most commonly targeted ports
during penetration testing?

In general, vulnerability scanning identifies flaws based on vulnerability
signatures accessible in the scanning program. While penetration testing
assists in determining the level of data destruction and risk in the event
of a cyber attack.
14. Why should we execute a penetration test if we
are currently undertaking vulnerability scanning?
Every system has some kind of security flaw, which researchers may or
may not be aware of. No system is entirely secure, and thus if adequate
penetration testing is performed, every system can be broken by a
Security Analyst. If the network is more secure, it will take the Security
Analyst longer to break it, and likewise. Time can range from a few days
to months.
• To examine adherence to the organization’s security policies that
have been developed and executed.
• To examine employee proactivity and awareness of the security
environment in which they work.
• To completely understand how a company entity might be confronted
with a significant security breach, as well as how soon they respond to
it and resume normal business operations after being affected.
15. Is it possible for a penetration test to compromise
any system?
The objectives are as follows:
16. What are the objectives of a pen testing exercise?

These are the three types:
• Black-box testing
• White-box testing
• Gray-box testing
17. What are the three types of pen testing
methodologies?
Black-Box Testing: When a Pen Tester is operating in a black-box
environment, he or she has no idea what target(s) they will assault. As
a result, pentesting can take a long time, and automated approaches
are heavily relied on to expedite the process.
White-Box Testing: Clear-box testing is another term for this type of
pen test. In some circumstances, the Pen Tester has a thorough
understanding of the Web service they are about to attack, as well as
its basic source code.
Gray-Box Testing: This method of pentesting combines black-box and
white-box pentesting to uncover weaknesses. That is, they have a
good idea of what they’re going to attack.

The following are the teams:
• Red team
• Blue team
• Purple team
18. What are the teams capable of performing a
pentest?
19. Is social engineering performed by pen testing?
Red team: This team is in charge of launching the real threat in order
to breach the business’s or industry’s defenses and expose any holes
that are uncovered.
Blue team: The primary goal of the Blue Team is to prevent any
cyber-attacks launched by the Red Team. They adopt a proactive
approach while also keeping a high sense of security concern.
Purple team: This is a hybrid of the Red Team and the Blue Team. The
Purple Team’s main task is to help both of these teams. As a result, the
Purple Team’s Pen Testers cannot be influenced in any way and must
retain a neutral perspective.
In general, social engineering does not come under the scope of
penetration testing. However, several organizations increasingly
consider social engineering when performing pen-testing.
20. Are denial-of-service assaults tested as well?
Penetration testing also includes Denial-of-Service (DoS) attacks. There
are numerous methods available to determine whether a system is
vulnerable to DoS assaults.

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Top 20 certified ethical hacker interview questions and answer

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