Topology Note

Submitted To:
Pranab Bandhu Nath
Senior Lecturer ,Department of CSE
City University , Dhaka
Topic Name : Topology
Submitted By:
Hridoy Bonik
ID:1834902543
BSc in CSE (Day)
Batch: 49 th
City University
Course Title :Computer Network
Course Code : CSE 317

Topology:
topology is The way of a network system that links two or many computer in a
network.There are two types of topology 1. Physical Topology: (It defines layout of
the topology). 2. Logical Topology:(It is the way of data transfer).
Some common topologies are_
1) Star Topology :This topology has many node and this node are connected by a
host node . This central connected node contrling all communication by this
topology
Advantages of Star Topology :
 Transmission delays do not increase by adding new nodes to a network.
 easy to install.
 It has only n-1 lines are required for connecting n nodes so it is minimal line cost
connection.
 Disadvantages of Star Topology:
 The system depends on
 host node so, if the host node fails all entire network will be fails.
 Hub requires moreresources and regular maintenance.
2) Ring Topology: Each node are connected each other node by a cycle there has

no any master node for controlling other nodes.
Advantages of Ring Topology:
 It works well where there is no central
 node for making routing decision.
 It is more reliable then star network topology.
 If the any node fail other node work properly.
 Easy install.
Disadvantages of Ring Topology:
 If the link is fail whole network will be failure.
 Addition of new nodes increases communication delay.
 It requires more complicated control software than star.
3) Bus Topology: There is only a single transmission line for all nodes known as
backbone cable .
Advantages of Bus Topology :
 Less cable is required.
 Cost efficient.
 Simple to install.
 If a node fails, the other nodes will be unaffected.

4) Tree Topology:
All the nodes are directly or indirectly connected to the main
hub. The sub- hubs are connected to each other. It is a combination of star and bus
network.
Advantages of Tree Topology:
 It can cover large distance network.
 A large numbers of node can be connected.
 If one of the node fails ,others node aren’t affected.
 Data directly transferred .
Disadvantages of Tree Topology:
 Cabling and hardware cost a lot.
 Complex implementation.
 Hard to manage a large tree network.
 If main bus fails, the entire network will fail.
5) Mesh Topology:
Direct connection takes place between the nodes. If there are ‘n’ devices in
network then each device has ‘(n-1)’ input-output ports and links. Example: the
Internet (WAN).
Advantage of Mesh Topolpgy :
 Directly communicate easly

 Very fast communication.
 Facilitate direct communication.
 If a nodefails , others won’t be affected.
Disadvantages of Mesh Topology:
 Costly.
 Complex implementation.
 Maintenance are very difficult.
 High cabling requires.
6) Hybrid Topology:
It is a combination of two or more topologies complex structure of many nodes.
Advantages of Hybrid Topology:
 Reliable and Error
 detecting easy.
 Effective as it can be designed in such a
 It can handle large number of nodes.
Disadvantages of Hybrid Topology:
 It is easy to design but complex structure.
 It is costly as it involves more than one topologies etc.

Topology Note

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