This document summarizes training and development practices at PTCL and Telenor in Pakistan. It discusses that training is needed to save time, money, and effort. It outlines the stages of training as reaction, learning, behavior, and results. PTCL and Telenor conduct on-the-job and off-the-job training using methods like mentoring, role playing, and simulations. PTCL has its own training centers while Telenor conducts both in-house and outsourced training. Both companies analyze training needs and evaluate the impact of training on employee performance.